ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has affected millions of individuals with various implications. Consistent with the crucial role of the microbiome in determining health and disease in humans, various studies have investigated the gut and respiratory microbiome effect on the COVID-19. Microbiota dysbiosis might support the entry, replication, and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by modulating various mechanisms. One of the main mechanisms that the modulation of respiratory microbiota composition during the COVID-19 infection affects the magnitude of the disease is changes in innate and acquired immune responses, including inflammatory markers and cytokines and B- and T-cells. The diversity of respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 patients is controversial; some studies reported low microbial diversity, while others found high diversity, suggesting the role of respiratory microbiota in this disease. Modulating microbiota diversity and profile by supplementations and nutrients can be applied prophylactic and therapeutic in combating COVID-19. Here, we discussed the lung microbiome dysbiosis during various lung diseases and its interaction with immune cells, focusing on COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Microbiota , Dysbiosis , Humans , Lung , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.036.].
ABSTRACT
The low mechanical efficiency of metal belt's continuously variable transmission (CVT) limits its application in new energy vehicles. To further improve CVT efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) with CVT, this paper proposes a pure electric CVT configuration and a clamping force control strategy. The slip characteristics of CVT are obtained through a bench test, the dynamic model of CVT slip is established, and a clamping force fuzzy control strategy is designed. The strategy is studied by simulation under extreme conditions and standard driving cycles. The simulation results show that the proposed clamping force control strategy has good adaptability. Under extreme conditions, this strategy can ensure that CVT does not undergo macro slip, while reducing the clamping force by 12.86-21.65%. Energy consumption per 100 km is 14.90 kWh in NEDC, which is 6.67% lower compared with the traditional strategy. CVT average efficiency and average transmission efficiency increased by 3.71% and 6.40%. The research results demonstrate that adjusting the CVT clamping force through fuzzy control based on the slip rate can improve the CVT efficiency and energy economy of EVs, which provides a certain reference for CVT clamping force control strategy development and the application of CVT on EVs.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the short-term and long-term effect of rehabilitation in patients with tibial fracture based on network cloud platform and progressive health education. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with tibial fracture treated in our hospital from December 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to their admission order, they were divided into a control group (n=50) and experimental group (n=50). The control group was given routine health education and nursing, while the experimental group was given progressive health education and nursing based on a network cloud platform. The fracture healing time, complication rate, knee joint function, hospitalization stay, ability of daily living, and self-efficacy of the two groups were analyzed. RESULTS: (1) The fracture healing time and hospitalization stay of the experimental group were (72.03 ± 5.33) d and (13.15 ± 2.05) d, which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(90.89 ± 5.88) d and (18.56 ± 2.87) d] (T=16.80, 10.85, P < 0.001). (2) After nursing, the Lysholm score of the experimental group (43.13 ± 5.62) was significantly higher than that of the control group (31.77 ± 5.51) (T=10.21, P < 0.001). (3) The incidence of complications in the experimental group was significantly lower in comparison with that of the control group. (4) After nursing, the ADL score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (T=7.85, P < 0.001). (5) After nursing, as compared with the control group, the GSEs score of the experimental group was significantly higher (T=5.22, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Implementation of network cloud platform-based and progressive health education for patients with tibial fracture after operation has a positive effect on improving the short-term and long-term rehabilitation effect.
ABSTRACT
Inflammatory mediators play a key role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this study, we aimed to explore the involvement of the Kcnq1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (Kcnq1ot1)/miR-381-3p/E26 transformation-specific proto-oncogene 2 (ETS2) axis in inflammation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS. Microarray analysis revealed ETS2 as an upregulated gene in ARDS. Then, a LPS-induced ARDS mouse model was constructed, with a series of gain- or loss-of-function experiments conducted to evaluate the lung function and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in lung tissue and determine the neutrophil number, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and inflammatory factor levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). As the results revealed, downregulated expression of ETS2 resulted in improved lung function, decreased NETs, MPO activity, and levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as well as increased IL-10 level. Then, the assays of dual-luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down were performed to validate that Kcnq1ot1 promoted ETS2 expression by competitively binding to miR-381-3p. Meanwhile, it was also found that Kcnq1ot1 silencing reversed the promotive effect of EST2 on ARDS. Our results provide evidence that Kcnq1ot1 silencing may reduce the inflammatory response in LPS-induced ARDS via inhibition of miR-381-30-dependent ETS2, thereby presenting new molecular understanding for the development of ARDS.
