[Study on traditional processing method of Mongolian medicine and excipient usage based on data mining].

This paper explores Mongolian medicine processing methods and the use regularity of excipient by text mining techniques. Relevant books of Mongolian medicine processing were consulted to collect data on Mongolian medicine processing methods and excipient, and select data based on processing methods and excipient noun frequency statistics. Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used for statistical analysis and mining for the usage regularity of different types of Mongolian medicinal materials in different periods. And Cytoscape 3.6.1 software was used for visual presentation. The topological analysis showed the top five processing methods were net production, development, frying, calcining and cooking, and the top five processing excipient were fresh milk, wine, urine, cream and mineral borax. Frequency analysis showed that the plant medicinal materials were mostly recorded in the 18~(th) and 21~(st) centuries, especially in the 21 st century; the processing methods mostly contained water processing, repair processing and other methods. The mineral medicinal materials were mostly recorded in the 18~(th), 19~(th) and 21~(st) centuries; most of the processing methods were the fire processing method. The animal medicinal materials were recorded in the 18~(th), 19~(th) and 21~(st) century; the fire processing method occupied a major position, and the repair processing and the grinding processing were markedly increased in the 21~(st) century. In the use of excipient, liquid excipient were mostly used in plant medicines. Solid excipient were most commonly used in the 18~(th) century. Animal excipient were mostly used during the processing in the 18~(th) century. The use of liquid excipient gradually increased in the 19~(th) and 21~(st) centuries. This study summarizes the traditional processing methods of Mongolian medicine and the usage regularity of excipient, defines the characteristics of Mongolian medicine processing methods and excipient, and the characteristics of the combination of medicinal materials and excipient, so as to provide reference for the clinical use of Mongolian medicine.

[Status analysis and strategic thinking on Mongolian medicine standardization].

Standardization is the progress of human civilization. It is also an important technical system for normalizing economy and social development and a basic element in the core competitive power of a country. This paper emphasized on the importance of accelerating the standardization of Mongolian medicine for international development of national medicine and improving the international competitiveness. Summed up the Mongolian medicine standardization work achieved the stage results. Achievements on Mongolian medicine standardization were summarized and the existed problems were also analyzed. Such as, imperfect Mongolian medicine standard system and operation mechanism, the lack of application and personnel of Mongolian medicine. Corresponding measures, such as improving the Mongolian medicine standardization system and its support system construction; establishing personnel long-term training mechanism; the establishment of Mongolian medicine standard implementation-promotion-evaluation-feedback mechanism and other corresponding measures, were also provide.

[Variety systematization and research progress of Mongolian medicine "Bashaga"].

Mongolian medicine is the traditional drug with the theory of Mongolian medicine and pharmacy as a guide, which made a great contribution to the survival and development of the Mongolian people. Mongolian medicine "Bashaga" faced the situations of origin is unclear, and clinical therapy is confused and so on. This paper summarizes the original plants and studies the species textual research and ethnopharmacology of Mongolian medicine "Bashaga". This paper intends to ensure authentic plant and provide comprehensive insight into the chemical constituents, pharmacology and application status of Mongolian medicine "Bashaga" to discuss the rationality of the confirmation in "Bashaga" authentic plant.

[Effect of Bear Bile Powder and Its Succedaneum on Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Megakaryocytes in Mouse Model with Thrombocytopenia Induced by Cytosine Arabinoside].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of bear bile powder and ursodesxy cholic acid (UDCA) on peripheral blood, bone marrow megakaryocyte and immune organs in mouse model with thrombocytopenia, so as to provide a reference for studying the curative effects of bear bile powder and its succedaneum on thrombocytopenic purpura (TP). METHODS: The mouse model with thrombocytopenia indued by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) was established, a total of 70 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, prednisone group, bear bile (middle and high dose) powder group and UDCA (middle and high dose) group. From the first day of making model mice in the each group, 0.4 ml/(20 g·d) corresponding drug was administered by infusion. At day 10 after treatment the peripheral blood, spleen and thymus organ index, the number of bone marrow megakaryocyte in each group were compared. RESULTS: compared with the normal group, the Plt, WBC and megakaryocyte counts in model group decreased, the spleen index increased obviously (P<0.05), but the WBC count returned to normal by 10 days; after treatment, compared with model group, the Plt, WBC and megakaryocyte counts of treated groups increased, spleen index decreased significantly (P<0.05), but the WBC count in prednisone group decreased, which in bear bile powder (high) group and UDCA (high) group were particularly significant. CONCLUSION: The bear bile powder and UDCA have been confirmed to have therapeutical effect on thrombocytopenia models induced by Ara-C, UDCA can substitute bear bile powder as a treatment drug for thrombocytopenic purpura.

Protective effect of CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides against low- and high-LET irradiation.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are synthetic DNA sequences containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs with potent immunomodulatory effects. Previous reports showed a powerful protective effect of CpG-ODN against the damage induced by low-LET γ-rays. In this study, we explored whether CpG-ODN also protects against the damage induced by high-LET irradiation. Parallel experiments were performed with low-LET irradiation. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were incubated with 1 µM of CpG-ODN after γ-ray or carbon-beam irradiation. Cell death was then measured by PI/DAPI double staining, cell survival was assessed by colony-formation assays, DNA damage was evaluated by comet assays, cell cycle was monitored by flow cytometry, and the levels of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blots. RESULTS: When irradiated cells were treated with the CpG-ODN, cell viability decreased, cell survival increased, DNA damage and G2/M-phase arrest were ameliorated, and apoptosis was inhibited. CONCLUSIONS: The CpG-ODN showed protective effects against low-LET γ-ray and high-LET carbon-beam irradiation. These effects might be associated with the repair of DNA damage and inhibition of apoptosis.

Investigation of uterine arterial chemoembolization and uterine arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced cervical cancer before radical radiotherapy: a long-term follow-up study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the contribution of uterine arterial chemoembolization (UACE) and uterine arterial infusion chemotherapy (UAIC) to advanced cervical cancer before radical radiotherapy. METHODS: A total of 735 patients with primary advanced cervical cancer were retrospectively studied; of these patients, 299 were classified as FIGO stage II, 359 as stage III and 77 as stage IVa. 126 underwent UACE, 103 underwent UAIC before radiotherapy, and 506 received radical radiotherapy alone (RT). Disease-specific survival (DSS), pelvic control (PC), distant metastasis-free survival (MFS), and risk factors of late toxicity were analyzed. RESULTS: The 1-, 2-, 5-, and 8-year DSS of all patients was 94.4, 82.1, 50.2, and 30.7 %, respectively. The DSS of the UACE group was 96.0, 83.4, 39.6, 18.3 %; UAIC group was 95.6, 84.3, 59.6, 42.7 % and RT group was 93.7, 80.8, 51.5, 31.5 % (χ (2) = 10.236, P = 0.006). The 1- and 2-year DSS of the UAIC and UACE groups was higher than those of the RT group (χ (2) = 2.510, P = 0.285; χ (2) = 2.822, P = 0.244). The 5- and 8-year DSS of the UACE group was obviously decreased (χ (2) = 14.962, P = 0.001; χ (2) = 14.043, P = 0.001). PC and MFS were highest in the UAIC group and lowest in the UACE group. The incidence of late radiation toxicity of the small intestine and rectosigmoid was similar. The bladder injury was highest in the UACE group (UACE:UAIC:RT = 11.1:4.8:4.2 %, χ (2) = 9.579, P = 0.008). UACE is a risk factor for late radiation toxicity of the urinary bladder. CONCLUSIONS: The use of UAIC before radical radiotherapy could improve the treatment outcome and prognosis of patients with advanced cervical cancer, while the UACE would significantly decrease long-time survival. UACE is an important risk factor for late radiation toxicity.

[Clinical value of the comprehensive treatment in intermediate and advanced cervical cancer with uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization and radiotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term curative effect of the radiotherapy combined uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization for cervical cancer. METHODS: Records of 632 patients with cervical cancer stage II - IVa proved by pathology in Lanzhou Command General Hospital from January 1st, 1999 to August 31st, 2009 were retrospective analysed. One hundred and twenty-six cases of them were treated with radical radiotherapy combined uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization (arterial chemoembolization + radiotherapy group), 506 cases of them were treated with radical radiotherapy only (radiotherapy group); the evaluation of the late radiation injury was done, according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (RTOG/EORTC) advanced radiation injury criteria. Prognosis and complications were compared between two groups, relative risk factors of radiotherapy complications were identified by method of logistic regression. RESULTS: (1) Survival: the total survival rates of 1-year, 2-year, 5-year and 8-year were 94.4%, 82.3%, 48.8%, 29.1%, respectively. The survival rates of arterial chemoembolization + radiotherapy group were 96.0%, 82.1%, 37.2%, 25.7%, while the survival rates of radiotherapy group were 94.1%, 80.8%, 51.1%, 31.5%, in which there were significant differences between two groups (χ(2) = 0.009, P = 0.993; χ(2) = 0.158, P = 0.691; χ(2) = 11.197, P = 0.001;χ(2) = 9.649, P = 0.002). During the follow-up period, the rate of recurrence and metastasis in arterial chemoembolization + radiotherapy group were 77.0% (97/126), while 73.3% (371/506) in radiotherapy group (χ(2) = 0.705, P = 0.401). (2) Radiotherapy complications and relative risk factors: the total incidence of tardive bladder injury higher than RTOG/EORTC stage II was 5.5% (35/632), while it was 11.1% (14/126) in arterial chemoembolization + radiotherapy group, 4.2% (21/506) in the radiotherapy group (χ(2) = 9.344, P = 0.002). The results of logistic regression showed that the uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization was relative risk factors of the tardive bladder injury (χ(2) = 6.440, OR = 2.869, P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the simple radiotherapy, there are a similar short-term survival rate and significant poor 5-year, 8-year survival rate in the patients treated with the uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization combined with radiotherapy, which also may be strong dangerous factor for the occurrence of tardive bladder injury. The results shown that the uterine arterial interventional chemoembolization do not recommend to be routine adjuvant therapy for the radical radiotherapy of cervical cancer.