[Medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine for heart failure after myocardial infarction: based on data mining].

This study aims to explore the medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for heart failure after myocardial infarction via data mining. To be specific, articles on the treatment of the disease with Chinese medicine were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed and related information was collected. A database was created with Microsoft Excel 2019, and SPSS Clementine 12.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 were applied for association rules analysis, cluster analysis, and factor analysis. Finally, a total of 81 TCM prescriptions were screened out, involving 91 medicinals with cumulative use frequency of 740. The main syndromes were Qi deficiency and blood stasis, Yang Qi deficiency and blood stasis together with retained morbid fluid, deficiency of both Qi and Yin and blood stasis. The medicinals with high-frequency were Astragali Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Poria, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. The effects of the medicinals were tonifying deficiency, activating blood and resolving stasis, and promoting urination and draining dampness. The association rules analysis yielded "Astragali Radix-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma" "Astragali Radix-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma" "Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Astragali Radix" combinations. Cluster analysis yielded 6 basic formulas for heart failure after myocardial infarction. Factor analysis extracted a total of 8 common factors. Heart failure after myocardial infarction is characterized by the syndrome of deficiency in nature and excess in superficiality. The core pathogenesis is "deficiency" "stasis" "retained morbid fluid", particularly "deficiency". This disease is closely related to the heart, lung, and spleen. The basic treatment principle is replenishing Qi and activating blood, and warming Yang, excreting water, and nourishing yin should also be emphasized. The common basic prescriptions, such as Siwu Decoction, Shengmai Powder, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction, Linggui Zhugan Decoction, and Shenfu Decoction, have been discovered. This study provided data for clinical medication and drug development for heart failure after myocardial infarction.

Enhancing strength and ductility via crystalline-amorphous nanoarchitectures in TiZr-based alloys.

Crystalline-amorphous composite have the potential to achieve high strength and high ductility through manipulation of their microstructures. Here, we fabricate a TiZr-based alloy with micrometer-size equiaxed grains that are made up of three-dimensional bicontinuous crystalline-amorphous nanoarchitectures (3D-BCANs). In situ tension and compression tests reveal that the BCANs exhibit enhanced ductility and strain hardening capability compared to both amorphous and crystalline phases, which impart ultra-high yield strength (~1.80 GPa), ultimate tensile strength (~2.3 GPa), and large uniform ductility (~7.0%) into the TiZr-based alloy. Experiments combined with finite element simulations reveal the synergetic deformation mechanisms; i.e., the amorphous phase imposes extra strain hardening to crystalline domains while crystalline domains prevent the premature shear localization in the amorphous phases. These mechanisms endow our material with an effective strength-ductility-strain hardening combination.

Copper Nanocomposites In Situ Formed from Metallic Glasses for an Efficient Catalytic Performance.

Metallic glasses (MGs) with the unique long-range disordered and short-range ordered atomic structure have attracted extensive attention in the field of environmental catalysis due to their advanced catalytic capability. Herein, CuZr-based MGs are first proven to exhibit superior catalytic performance toward the degradation of organic pollutants compared to the annealed ribbons with different crystal structures; many Cu nanocomposites are gradually in situ precipitated on the surface of the ribbons. The enhanced catalytic behavior is mainly attributed to the random atomic packing structure accelerating electron transport and providing sufficient active sites. On the other hand, the active species, for example, ·OH, ·O2-, and Cu(III), are generated through an activation reaction between Cu/Cu2O nanocomposites and H2O2 molecules for the catalytic degradation process. Additionally, further investigation indicated that CuZr-based MGs also present superior stability and durability along with an approximate 96% degradation efficiency within 10 min at the 10th run. This research can successfully explain why MGs have a little higher catalytic reactivity than their crystalline counterparts, and more importantly, it will provide a new strategy for the preparation of catalytic materials for wastewater treatment.

Penetration Fracture Mechanism of Tungsten-Fiber-Reinforced Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses Matrix Composite under High-Velocity Impact.

In order to adapt to the launch velocity of modern artillery, it is necessary to study the fracture mechanism of the high-velocity penetration of penetrators. Therefore, the penetration fracture mode of tungsten-fiber-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix composite (WF/Zr-MG) rods at a high velocity is studied. An experiment on WF/Zr-MG rods penetrating into rolled homogeneous armor steel (RHA) was carried out at 1470~1650 m/s. The experimental results show that the higher penetration ability of WF/Zr-MG rods not only results from their "self-sharpening" feature, but also due to the fact they have a longer quasi-steady penetration phase than tungsten alloy (WHA) rods. Above 1500 m/s, the penetration fracture mode of the WF/Zr-MG rod is the bending and backflow of tungsten fibers. Our theoretical calculation shows that the deformation mode of the Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix (Zr-MG) is an important factor affecting the penetration fracture mode of the WF/Zr-MG rod. When the impact velocity increases from 1000 m/s to 1500 m/s, the deformation mode of Zr-MG changes from shear localization to non-Newtonian flow, leading to a change in the penetration fracture mode of the WF/Zr-MG rod from shear fracture to the bending and backflow of tungsten fibers.

[Characteristics analysis for Chinese patent medicine containing Jujubea Fructus based on data mining].

Chinese patent medicine prescriptions containing Jujubea Fructus in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the Composition Principles of Chinese Patent Drug were collected, and the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine containing Jujubea Fructus were analyzed by using data mining technology. Statistical software Excel 2019, Clementine 12.0 and SPSS 21.0 were used to conduct statistical analysis of conforming Chinese patent medicine prescriptions by means of frequency statistics, association rule analysis and cluster analysis. Finally, a total of 185 Chinese patent medicine prescriptions containing Jujubea Fructus were included in this study, involving 402 Chinese medicines and 28 kinds of high frequency Chinese medicines, with Jujubea Fructus, Poria, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Codonopsis Radix as the top five. The deficiency-nourishing drugs were in the most common efficacy classification, mainly sweet, bitter and pungent, with most medicine properties of warm and gentle, main meridians of spleen lung and stomach, dosage forms of pills, granules and tablets, and main indications of splenic diseases. Fifteen drug combinations were obtained in association rule analysis. Eleven drug combinations were obtained by association rule analysis of Chinese patent medicine containing Jujubea Fructus in the treatment of splenic diseases, and the drugs were divided into two categories by cluster analysis. According to the above analysis, it is found that the Chinese patent medicine prescriptions containing Jujubea Fructus are mainly composed of deficiency-nourishing drugs, mostly compatible with drugs of sweet, bitter and pungent flavors, warm and gentle properties, and spleen, lung, and stomach meridians in the treatment of splenic diseases, with Sijunzi Decoction as the main drug. This study provides guidance for modern clinical application and development of Jujubea Fructus.

Magnetoelectric effect in flexible nanocomposite films based on size-matching.

Flexible magnetoelectric (ME) nanocomposites with a strong coupling between ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity are of significant importance from the point of view of next-generation flexible electronic devices. However, a high loading of magnetic nanomaterials is needed to achieve preferable ME response due to the size mismatch of the magnetostrictive phase and piezoelectric phase. In this work, ultra-small CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared to match the size of the polar crystal in poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS) is introduced to enhance the interplay between P(VDF-TrFE) and CoFe2O4. The above multiple effects promote a good connection between the magnetostrictive phase and the piezoelectric phase. Therefore, an effective transference of stress from CoFe2O4 to P(VDF-TrFE) can be achieved. The as-prepared P(VDF-TrFE)/CoFe2O4@POTS exhibits a high ME coupling coefficient of 34 mV cm-1 Oe-1 when the content of CoFe2O4@POTS is 20 wt%. The low loading of fillers ensures the flexibility of ME nanocomposite films.

Effect of Strain Rate on Compressive Behavior of a Zr-Based Metallic Glass under a Wide Range of Strain Rates.

The strain rate effect on the mechanical behavior of amorphous alloys has aroused general interest. Most studies in this area have focused on quasi-static and high strain-rate compressive deformations. However, experimental results have been few, or even non-existent, under a moderate strain-rate loading. This article extends the traditional split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique to characterize compressive deformation of an amorphous alloy at medium strain rates. The compressive behavior of Zr65.25Cu21.75Al8Ni4Nb1 amorphous alloy shows a negative strain rate effect on the yield strength with a quasi-static, moderate to high strain-rate range, and the fracture angle increases from 44° at 10-5 s-1 to 60° at 4000 s-1 as strain rate increases. Herein, we introduce a modified cooperative shear model to describe the compressive behavior of the current amorphous alloy under a broad strain rate range. The model predicts that the normalized yield strength will linearly descend with logarithmic strain rate when the strain rate is less than a critical strain rate, however, which rapidly decreases linearly with the square of the strain rate at high strain rates. The predicted data of the model are highly consistent with the current experimental results. These findings provide support for future engineering applications of amorphous alloys.

Effects of dodder total flavone on polycystic ovary syndrome rat models induced by DHEA combined HCG.

AIMS: Explore the effects of dodder total flavone on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat models induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) combined human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). METHODS: Except the blank group, the rest of the rats were injected with DHEA 6 mg/100 g on the back of the neck and 1.5 IU HCG each day, for 21 consecutive days. On the 16th day of modeling, vaginal smear was performed to select the model rats, which were randomly divided into model group, dacin-35 group, large, middle and small dose dodder total flavonoids groups, and given the medicine for three weeks. At the end of the last administration, take samples, so as to calculate the ovaries and uterus indexes, measure serum LH/FSH ratio, P, PRL and INS levels, fixed the uterus and pancreas in 10% formalin solution and stained with HE to observe the morphological changes of the organs. And measure the expression of TNF-α and IGF-l proteins in ovaries by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, ovarian and uterine indexes, serum LH/FSH ratio, serum PRL and INS levels, ovary TNF-α and IGF-l protein expression were significantly increased, and significant pathological changes were observed in the uterine and pancreatic tissues in model group (P < 0.01). While the serum P level decreased significantly (P < 0.01), Compared with the model group, the ovarian and uterine indexes, serum LH/FSH ratio, serum P, PRL and INS levels, ovary TNF-α protein expression were significantly decreased in large, middle and small dose dodder total flavonoids groups (P < 0.01); The expression of IGF-1 protein was decreased and uterus pathological changes were improved in different extents (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), pancreas pathological changes were improved significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PCOS rat models was successfully replicated. Dodder total flavone can protect PCOS rats induced by DHEA combined HCG by different action pathways.

Amorphous martensite in ß-Ti alloys.

Martensitic transformations originate from a rigidity instability, which causes a crystal to change its lattice in a displacive manner. Here, we report that the martensitic transformation on cooling in Ti-Zr-Cu-Fe alloys yields an amorphous phase instead. Metastable ß-Ti partially transforms into an intragranular amorphous phase due to local lattice shear and distortion. The lenticular amorphous plates, which very much resemble α'/α″ martensite in conventional Ti alloys, have a well-defined orientation relationship with the surrounding ß-Ti crystal. The present solid-state amorphization process is reversible, largely cooling rate independent and constitutes a rare case of congruent inverse melting. The observed combination of elastic softening and local lattice shear, thus, is the unifying mechanism underlying both martensitic transformations and catastrophic (inverse) melting. Not only do we reveal an alternative mechanism for solid-state amorphization but also establish an explicit experimental link between martensitic transformations and catastrophic melting.

A novel Si/Sn composite with entangled ribbon structure as anode materials for lithium ion battery.

A novel Si/Sn composite anode material with unique ribbon structure was synthesized by Mechanical Milling (MM) and the structural transformation was studied in the present work. The microstructure characterization shows that Si/Sn composite with idealized entangled ribbon structured can be obtained by milling the mixture of the starting materials, Si and Sn for 20 h. According to the calculated results based on the XRD data, the as-milled 20 h sample has the smallest avergae crystalline size. It is supposed that the flexible ribbon structure allows for accommodation of intrinsic damage, which significantly improves the fracture toughness of the composite. The charge and discharge tests of the as-milled 20 h sample have been performed with reference to Li(+)/Li at a current density of 400 mA g(-1) in the voltage from 1.5 to 0.03 V (vs Li/Li(+)) and the result shows that the initial capacity is ∼1400 mA h g(-1), with a retention of ∼1100 mA h g(-1) reversible capacity after 50 cycles, which is possible serving as the promising anode material for the lithium ion battery application.

Rapid decolorization of acid orange II aqueous solution by amorphous zero-valent iron.

Some problems including low treatment capacity, agglomeration and clogging phenomena, and short working life, limit the application of pre-treatment methods involving zero-valent iron (ZVI). In this article, ZVI was frozen in an amorphous state through a melt-spinning technique, and the decolorization effect of amorphous ZVI on Acid Orange II solution was investigated under varied conditions of experimental variables such as reaction temperature, ribbon dosage, and initial pH. Batch experiments suggested that the decolorization rate was enhanced with the increase of reaction temperature and ribbon dosage, but decreased with increasing initial solution pH. Kinetic analyses indicated that the decolorization process followed a first order exponential kinetic model, and the surface-normalized decolorization rate could reach 2.09 L/(m2 x min) at room temperature, which was about ten times larger than any previously reported under similar conditions. Recycling experiments also proved that the ribbons could be reused at least four times without obvious decay of decolorization rate and efficiency. This study suggests a tremendous application potential for amorphous ZVI in remediation of groundwater or wastewater contaminated with azo dyes.