Self-Navigated 3D Acoustic Tweezers in Complex Media Based on Time Reversal.

Acoustic tweezers have great application prospects because they allow noncontact and noninvasive manipulation of microparticles in a wide range of media. However, the nontransparency and heterogeneity of media in practical applications complicate particle trapping and manipulation. In this study, we designed a 1.04 MHz 256-element 2D matrix array for 3D acoustic tweezers to guide and monitor the entire process using real-time 3D ultrasonic images, thereby enabling acoustic manipulation in nontransparent media. Furthermore, we successfully performed dynamic 3D manipulations on multiple microparticles using multifoci and vortex traps. We achieved 3D particle manipulation in heterogeneous media (through resin baffle and ex vivo macaque and human skulls) by introducing a method based on the time reversal principle to correct the phase and amplitude distortions of the acoustic waves. Our results suggest cutting-edge applications of acoustic tweezers such as acoustical drug delivery, controlled micromachine transfer, and precise treatment.

[Clinical significance of C-reactive protein concentration in the expressed prostatic secretion from chronic prostatitis patients].

OBJECTIVES: To discuss the correlation of C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in the EPS of chronic prostatitis (CP) patients with CP types, WBC count in EPS, lecithin corpuscles (LLZXT) and chronic prostatitis symptom index (CPSI). METHODS: According to the NIH classification standard, 196 cases of CP were diagnosed by the pro and post massage test (PPMT) and EPS routine, of which 68 were chronic bacterial prostatitis (Type II ), 76 inflammatory chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (Type III A) and 52 non-inflammatory chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pain syndrome (Type III B). Another 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled as normal controls. The CRP concentration in the EPS of all the patients was determined by immunoturbidimetry and 196 groups of data were obtained. RESULTS: The average concentration of CRP was significantly higher in the CP group ( [2.945 +/- 1.996] mg/L) than in the control ( [1.101 +/- 0.440] mg/L) (P < 0. 01) , and it decreased progressively from the Type II to Type III A and Type III B group, with statistical difference between Type III B and Type II or Type III A (P < 0. 01 ), but not between Type II and Type III A (P = 0.058). The CRP concentration was correlated negatively with LLZXT (r = -0.33, P < 0.01) and positively with WBC count (r = 0.63, P < 0.01) and the score on the first 6 items of CPSI (r = 0. 28, P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: The CRP concentration in EPS, with its significant role in the pathogenesis of CP, may serve as a basis for the diagnosis and classification of CP as well as an objective index for assessing the therapeutic effect on the disease.