ABSTRACT
3,3',4,4'-Benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid (BPTCA) could directly react with hydroxyl groups on cellulose to form ester bonds. The modified cotton fabrics not only provided good wrinkle-free and ultraviolet (UV) protective functions, but also exhibited important photochemical properties such as producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl radicals (HO(â¢)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under UV light exposure. The amounts of the produced hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide were measured, and photochemical reactive mechanism of the BPTCA treated cellulose was discussed. The results reveal that the fabrics possess good washing durability in generation of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The cotton fabrics modified with different concentrations of BPTCA and cured at an elevated temperature demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activities, which provided 99.99% antibacterial activities against both E. coli and S. aureus. The advanced materials have potential applications in medical textiles and biological material fields.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Cellulose/chemistry , Benzophenones , Carboxylic Acids , Cellulose/radiation effects , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Humans , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Reactive Oxygen Species/chemistry , Reactive Oxygen Species/radiation effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Textiles/microbiology , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Anthraquinone and its derivatives could serve as photo-sensitizers and generate radicals and reactive oxygen species in polymers under exposure of UVA or day light. Such a property was utilized in development of novel light-induced surface radical graft polymerizations on cotton fibers that were dyed with an anthraquinone derivative, 2-ethylanthraquinone. Several functional monomers were directly grafted onto the dyed cotton fibers upon UVA exposure. The chemical and morphological structures and thermal properties of the grafted fibers were confirmed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Reaction conditions including concentrations of the photosensitizer, the amount of monomers, as well as UVA irradiation time could influence grafting efficiencies. More interestingly, the surface graft polymerization did not significantly change the light active functions of the agent, evidenced by the light-active antimicrobial functions of the grafted fibers.
Subject(s)
Anthraquinones/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cotton Fiber , Acrylates/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Cellulose/chemistry , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods , Escherichia coli K12/drug effects , Light , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry , Polymerization , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Thermogravimetry/methods , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Many anthraquinone compounds have exhibited light-active properties in solutions and on materials under UVA or fluorescent light exposure. Two anthraquinone derivatives were incorporated onto cotton fabrics by a vat dyeing process. The dyed fabrics demonstrated light-induced biocidal functions, and the functions were durable against laundering and long-term light exposure. The structures and surface morphologies of the dyed fabrics were examined by using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical properties of the fabrics were measured by using a tensile tester. The results revealed that the anthraquinone compounds have different light-activities, resulting in different surface and mechanical impacts on the cotton cellulose.
