[Lysozyme level in animal tissues in the simulation and treatment of periodontitis]. / Soderzhanie lizotsima v biologicheskikh substratakh zhivotnykh pri vosproizvedenii i lechenii parodontita.

Inflammation developed after sewing of silk ligature into the rat and rabbit gingiva (parodonitis) was accompanied by increase in lysozyme content in gingiva tissue and in blood serum. Exogenous egg lysozyme, administered into normal animal gingiva tissue by means of ultrasound treatment (880 kHz, impulse regimen, 0.2 w/cm2), penetrated through the epithelial mucosal membrane layer, but did not accumulate in the membrane. However, lysozyme administered into the inflammation-injured gingiva tissue by ultrasound was accumulated in the tissue and arrested the inflammation and restored the impaired parodontium within shorter periods.

[Automated information-diagnostic system for hereditary diseases in childhood]. / Avtomatizirovannaia informatsionno-diagnosticheskaia sistema po nasledstvennym zabolevaniiam v detskom vozraste.

This article describes computer-based information-and-diagnostic system dealing with child hereditary diseases which makes in possible to organize automated consultative service on a wide range of monogene and chromosome syndromes. The system is oriented for sorting out a narrow differential-and-diagnostic row from 1200 of genetically determined diseases at the stage of pre-laboratory child examination. The choice of diagnoses in the system is based on the analysis of the likeness of phenotypical manifestation of the syndromes described in literature with the case under analysis. The system envisages information exchange with a physician in a dialogue using the natural language. The system is based on IBM-370 computer and can be operated from remote video device in the data TV transmitting mode.

[Morphofunctional changes in the lymph nodes and microcirculatory bed of small-intestinal mesentery of dogs in septic peritonitis after endolymphatic administration of ampicillin]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia limfaticheskikh uzlov i gemomikro- tsirkuliarnogo rusla bryzheiki tonkoi kishki sobak na fone septicheskogo peritonita pri éndolimfaticheskom vvedenii ampitsillina.

With the aim to study effectiveness+ of endolymphatic (EL) administration of ampicillin (AC), using the model of an acute diffuse septic peritonitis in dogs, the morphological and morphometrical investigation has been performed concerning the state of the lymph nodes (LN), which are regional as regards the pathological focus (pelvic) and remote (tracheobronchial, mesenteric) and hemomicrocirculatory bed (HMCB) of the small intestine mesentery. All LN groups studied are involved in the pathological process, that produces certain increasing disturbances in the structure and cell composition in LN. In 6 h the changes are especially manifested in the pelvic LN, and in 18 h--in the animals without application of AC, or at its intramuscular injection LN lose their typical structure. Their dimensions and number of lymphoid nodules++ and medullary cords decrease, a sharp impoverishment of lymphocytes in LN is observed. By this time critical disturbances in the HMCB structure develop; they are characterized as presence of great amount of avascular areas in the mesentery, extended capillary loops, plasmatic saturation of interstitium. When AC is injected endolymphatically, simultaneously with peritonitis modelling T- and B-dependent zones in LN are preserved, a high volumetric part of lymphocytes is kept in all groups of LN, structure and function of HMCB are normalized. The pronounced delay in development and decreasing manifestation of infective-toxic disorder in LN and HMCB depend on effective concentrations of the antibiotic, produces in the lymphatic system.

[Increasing the effectiveness of ampicillin in combination with lysozyme]. / Povyshenie éffektivnosti ampitsillina pri ego sochetanii s lizotsimom.

The effect of lysozyme (2 mg/kg) on pharmacokinetics of ampicillin (60 mg/kg) and the lymph nodes was studied in a model of experimental diffuse peritonitis in 52 dogs. The drugs were administered intramuscularly in single doses simultaneously with simulation of the pathological process. Under such conditions, lysozyme promoted an increase in the ampicillin concentration in the lymphatic system, blood and tissues and prolonged the antibacterial activity to 18 hours of the experiment. This resulted in retarding lympho- and hematogenic dissemination of the infection from the primary focus and lowered the infectious and toxic affection of the regional lymph nodes, thus securing their barrier and immunological function. With lysozyme used in combination with the antibiotic the immunomorphological zones of the lymph nodes appeared to be preserved and the volumetric proportion of macrophages increased. Then the volumetric proportion of the blast cells and the frequency of macrophagal and lymphocytic interactions also increased. The most pronounced cell interactions were observed in the distal (tracheobronchial) lymph nodes whose functions before the infection generalization were mainly immunological.

[Morphocytochemical reaction of the lymph nodes in dogs to the administration of lysozyme]. / Morfotsitokhimicheskaia reaktsiia limfaticheskikh uzlov sobak na vvedenie lizotsima.

By means of morphological, morphometrical and histochemical methods pelvic and tracheobronchial lymph nodes have been studied in dogs and concentration of lysozyme has been estimated in blood serum, in lymph and the lymph nodes after a single intramuscular injection of lysozyme (2 mg/kg of body mass). In the material investigated total concentration of lysozyme reaches its maximal values in 6 h after injection, then it gradually decreases and in 48 h reaches its control level. Morphometrically changes in cell composition are revealed predominantly of immune-competent cells in T- and B-dependent zones of the lymph nodes. Thus, the volumetric part of lymphoblasts in the germinative centers of the lymphoid nodules reaches its maximal indices by 48 h after lysozyme injection, while plasmatization of the paracortical zone and of medullary cords increases up to the 7th day. By the 14th day the volumetric part of lymphoblasts, immunoblasts and plasmocytes decreases gradually, and in 21 days after injection of the drug contents of the blast forms of the cells in the structural-functional zones of the lymph nodes does not differ from that in the control. The data obtained demonstrate the immunomorphological rearrangement of the lymph nodes in response to the exogenic lysozyme administration.

[Lysozyme in the feeding of premature infants with mixed pathology]. / Lizotsim v pitanii nedonoshennykh detei so smeshannoi patologiei.

Lysozyme is an important component of the breast milk. In the gastrointestinal tract of infants it performs the function of a local protective factor. The efficacy of the use of milk enriched with lysozyme was studied in feeding of 64 premature infants suffering from concomitant diseases. This clinical and laboratory study was performed as a part of the combined treatment and prophylactic measures. Lysozyme was added to the donor breast milk or to the dry adapted acidophilic mixture "Malyutka" in an amount of 50 mg per 1 liter of the final product. 29 infants were feeded with such milk products for 14-21 days of the observation period. The control group included 12 infants with artificial feeding and 23 infants feeded with the above milk products without addition of lysozyme. In spite of the significant differences in the initial state of the infants, a favourable effect of the feeding with addition of lysozyme was shown. It was comparable to the feeding with the breast milk. Improvement of the general state of the infants and the pathological processes in them, an increase in the body weight, more rapid sanation of the infectious inflammatory foci, normalization of the stool, stabilization of the lysozyme levels in the coprofiltrates and a tendency to normalization of the increased levels of lysozyme in the blood serum were observed. Satisfactory tolerance of the lysozyme enriched milk products was shown.

[Model UF-2 mutant of Staphylococcus aureus 209 P for titrating Vibrio cholera enterotoxin]. / Model' UF-2 mutanta Staphylococcus aureus 209 P dlia titrovaniia énterotoksina kholernykh vibrionov.

The identical character of the action of crude V. cholerae enterotoxin on the anaerobic dehydrogenases of the UV-2 mutant of S. aureus 209 p and the surviving culture of Ehrlich's carcinoma has been revealed. The range of this action is linked with the concentration of the toxin and varies from the stimulation of cell dehydrogenases to their complete suppression. The rapid method for the titration of the enterotoxin in the dehydrogenase suppression test with the use of the bacterial model is proposed.

[In vitro determination of the biological activity of choleragen by the anaerobic dehydrogenase inhibition test in a surviving blastoma cell culture]. / Opredelenie biologicheskoi aktivnosti kholerogena in vitro po testu podavleniia anaérobnykh degidrogenaz perezhivaiushchei kul'tury blastomnykh kletok.

A rapid method for the detection and titration of choleragen in vitro in the test allowing one to evaluate dehydrogenase activity in the surviving blastoma culture has been developed. In comparison with the commonly accepted method of using the ligated loop in adult rabbits, the above method is simple, highly sensitive and economical.

[Experimental study of the endolymphatic use of gentamycin and klaforan (cefotaxime)]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie éndolimfaticheskogo primeneniia gentamitsina i klaforana (tsefotaksima).

Distribution of gentamycin and klaforan in the lymphatic system, blood and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as their effect on lymph node morphology was studied experimentally on 46 dogs. The antibiotics were administered endolymphatically in doses of 1 and 30 mg/kg respectively. The highest levels of gentamycin (200-250 micrograms/ml) and klaforan (up to 1600 micrograms/ml) were detected in the central lymph. The therapeutic levels of the antibiotics in the central persisted for 24 and 72 hours respectively. The antibiotics accumulated mainly in the regional (inguinal and pelvic) lymph nodes, where their high levels were determined for 72 hours. The levels of the antibiotics in the distant (cervical and tracheobronchial) lymph nodes were lower and did not exceed the therapeutic ones. They persisted for 6 and 24 hours respectively. No unfavourable effect of the antibiotics on the structure and cell composition of the lymph nodes was noted. After endolymphatic administration in the above doses the antibiotic levels in the blood serum were close to those observed after administration by the routine routes. After endolymphatic administration in the above doses the antibiotics penetrated into the cerebrospinal fluid.

[Sensitivity of Gram-negative microflora to lysozyme]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' gramotritsatel'noi mikroflory k lizotsimu.

Sensitivity to lysozyme of the representatives of various species of gramnegative microflora (476 strains) was studied with a new modified procedure, which is more exact and economic as compared to the method of serial dilutions in agar. High resistance of Eltor vibrio cholerae and Pseudomonas to lysozyme was found. Cultures of various sensitivity levels to lysozyme were detected among Aeromonas, enteropathogenic E. coli and NAG-vibrios.

[Effect of gentamycin in combination with prodigiozan on the immunological reactivity of the body]. / Vliianie gentamitsina v sochetanii s prodigiozanom na immunologicheskuiu reaktivnost' organizma.

The effect of gentamicin sulphate and its combination will prodigiozan on antibody formation in experiments and the levels of the immunobiologic reactivity of patients with purulent inflammatory processes was studied with a purpose of developing rational schemes of antibiotic therapy of infectious diseases. A decrease in the titers of the antibodies to Aeromonas and the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen was noted on repeated administration of gentamicin to albino mice in a dose of 20 mg/kg. This was prevented by the use of prodigiozan in a dose of 500 micrograms/kg once every 4 days. The use of gentamicin in patients with purulent inflammatory diseases in doses of 40 or 80 mg twice a day for 7--10 days had no significant effect on the titers of IgA, IgG, IgM, lysozyme blood serum levels, serum bactericidal activity and absorption activity of the peripheral blood neutrophils. Still, it induced a marked suppression of the neutrophil digestive capacity as compared to the initial levels, especially on administration of gentamicin in a dose of 40 mg twice a day. An increase in the level of IgM and no suppression of the neutrophil digestive capacity were noted after completion of the therapy in the patients treated with gentamicin administered in a dose of 40 mg twice a day and prodigiozan administered in a dose of 50 micrograms once every 4 days. It is recommended to use prodigiozan in combinaed therapy with gentamicin for correction of the changes in the specific and nonspecific protective forces of the host.

[Quantitative determination of lysozyme in the blood serum]. / Kolichestvennoe opredelenie lizotsima v syvorotke krovi.

A method, based on the lysozyme ability to selective sorption on chitin followed by reversible enzyme-substrate complex formation, is suggested for quantitative determination of lysozyme in blood serum. The technique offers no difficulty in application, requires no expensive equipment and therefore can be used in clinical practice.