ABSTRACT
Chemical constituents from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were analyzed and identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). The chromatographic column of Waters Acquity UPLC BEH-C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was adopted, with acetonitrile-water(0.5% formic acid) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min~(-1). Data was collected in positive and negative modes of electrospray ionization(ESI). A total of 55 compounds, including 42 flavonoids, 9 stilbenes, 2 coumarins, 1 lignin and 1 phenolic acid, which were characterized in the aerial parts of G. uralensis based on accurate molecular mass information of molecular and product ions provided by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS based on comparison with standard substances and references. It is an effective and accurate method to provide chemical information of constituents in aerial parts of G. uralensis, and can provide a reference for further study on pharmacodynamic material basis and resources development and utilization.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Glycyrrhiza uralensis , Mass Spectrometry , Plant Components, AerialABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the toxicological safety of over-ground parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, in order to provide basis for the rational utilization of over-ground parts of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma recourses.Method: Mice acute oral toxicity test, micronucleus test of mice bone marrow, mice sperm shape abnormality test and toxicological test based on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis model were carried out.Result: Maximal tolerable dose(MTD) of over-ground parts of G.uralensis water extract (WE) and alcohol extract (AE) were 96,128 g·kg-1, respectively. Macro-porous resin enriched product of AE was harmful to mice, with gender differences. Micronucleus rates of each dose(8,16,32 g·kg-1) group and control group for female mouse were 0.28%, 0.34%, 0.26% and 0.22%, respectively. Micronucleus rates of each dose(8,16,32 g·kg-1) group and control group for male mouse were 0.32%, 0.30%, 0.36% and 0.28%, respectively. Sperm shape abnormality rates of each dose group and control group were 3.16%, 3.01%, 2.67% and 3.23%, respectively. Micronucleus rate and sperm shape abnormality rate had no significant increase compared with the negative control. The 30-day repeated intragastric WE and AE had no effect on the general conditions of the model rats. Compared with normal group, AE group showed a significant decrease in heart weight, and significant increases in liver weight, liver index and kidney index (PPConclusion: The results indicated that both of WE and AE have potential toxicity. WE does not show any genetic toxicity to mice. Therefore, further studies shall be made for toxicological safety of over-ground parts of G. uralensis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To understand the present situation and requirements of health education in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province, so as to improve the health education to the targeted people. METHODS: Through the questionnaire survey and field investigation, the data of the present situation and requirements of health education in schistosomiasis control were collected in 24 counties (cities) of Hubei Province, and these data included the related institution structure of health education, basic information of personnel, equipment, funds, and health education working form. All the data collected were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 24 counties, there were 12 independent departments of health education, accounting for 50%. In terms of the basic information of the health education staff, the youngest person was 34 years old and the eldest was 58 years old, and the mean age was 46.55± 6.9 years. For the formal school education of the staff, 5 had senior high school or below education (20.8%), 16 had college education (66.7%), 3 had bachelor degree or above (12.5%). There were 10 counties (41.70%) with the special funds for health education work but there were 3 counties (12.50%) without the special funds. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of health education work in schistosomiasis control is remarkable, but there are still deficiencies in professional staff and funds in Hubei Province.
