ABSTRACT
We set out to investigate the effects of gadodiamide and gadoteric acid, used for magnetic resonance imaging, on the lungs. In this study, 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. These were allocated into four groups; The first group (control) was untreated. The second group received isotonic saline on the first and fourth days of the week for 5 weeks. Following the same schedule, the third and fourth groups received a total of 2 mg/kg gadodiamide and gadoteric acid, respectively, in place of saline. The alveolar Wall thickness was evaluated. Gadodiamide and gadoteric acid significantly increased the numbers of collagen-3 and caspase-3 positive cells in the lung tissue (p < 0.05). In addition, these two substances increased the alveolar Wall thickness (p < 0.05). Furthermore, they increased the levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that both linear and macrocyclic contrast agents are toxic for the lungs in rats.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Organometallic Compounds , Animals , Caspase 3 , Chelating Agents , Gadolinium DTPA , Glutathione , Lung , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Malondialdehyde , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the level of glass particle contamination from medical ampoules during breakage in nursing practice and their removal by filtration. DESIGN: Glass medical ampoules were broken-open as instructed and contamination was assessed microscopically. METHODS: Three types of medial ampoules (A, B, C) were used. Dispensation of contents was carried out using 21 or 22 G needles, with and without syringe-filters. Particles were determined by light microscopy. This study was conducted between April 2018 and January 2020. RESULTS: Glass particles of 0.94-90.70 µm were detected in 94% of all samples. There were 48, 162 and 201 glass particles in groups, A, B and C, respectively. Filtration had no effect in group A but was effective up to 85% in the other groups. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that ampoule contents are contaminated with glass particles during the opening procedure, which varies with make and content. Syringe-filter use can be up to 85% effective in their removal. IMPACT: Use of syringe-filter can decrease glass particle contamination up to 85%. Innovative nursing studies are needed to minimize or completely avoid particule contamination.
Subject(s)
Drug Contamination , Drug Packaging , Glass , Humans , Needles , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
Objective We investigated the correlation between serum anti-Toxplasma gondii IgG and suicidal thoughts in depressive patients. Methods Depressive patients with (n = 100) and without (n = 100) suicidal thoughts along with 100 healthy control subjects were recruited for this study. In all three groups, a semi-structured clinical interview form called Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) Axis-I Disorder (SCID-I), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), suicidal behavior scale, and a sociodemographic data form were completed. Sera from all participants were taken, and anti-toxoplasma IgG was measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay. Statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results The serum anti-toxoplasma IgG levels of patients with suicidal thoughts were significantly higher than those without suicidal thoughts and the controls, which were 80.04 ± 40.66, 78 ± 14.82, and 19.98 ± 14.65, respectively, p < 0.001. There was no correlation between toxoplasma IgG and HAMD score in patients lacking suicidal thoughts (r = -0.112, p = 0.463). Conclusion This study shows a correlation between seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and depression with suicidal thoughts.
