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1.
Pediatr Diabetes ; 23(2): 173-182, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34779087

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of DPP-4 inhibition with sitagliptin in youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D). STUDY DESIGN: This was a 54-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of DPP-4 inhibition with sitagliptin 100 mg once daily as initial oral therapy in youth with T2D. The 190 participants, aged 10-17 years, had HbA1c 6.5%-10% (7.0%-10% if on insulin). All were negative for pancreatic autoantibodies and overweight/obese at screening or diagnosis. The trial was placebo controlled for the first 20 weeks, after which metformin replaced placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c at Week 20. RESULTS: Treatment groups were well balanced at baseline (mean ± SD HbA1c = 7.5% ± 1.0, BMI percentile = 97.1% ± 6.8, age = 14.0 years ± 2.0 [57.4% <15], 60.5% female). At Week 20, least squares mean changes from baseline in HbA1c were -0.01% (sitagliptin) and 0.18% (placebo); between-group difference (95% CI) = -0.19% (-0.68, 0.30), p = 0.448. At Week 54, the changes in HbA1c were 0.45% (sitagliptin) and -0.11 (placebo/metformin). There were no notable between-group differences in the adverse event profiles through Week 54. CONCLUSIONS: DPP-4 inhibition with sitagliptin did not provide significant improvement in glycemic control. In this study, sitagliptin was generally well tolerated with a safety profile similar to that reported in adults. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01485614; EudraCT: 2011-002528-42).


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Patient Safety/standards , Sitagliptin Phosphate/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Blood Glucose/analysis , Child , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Drug Therapy, Combination/statistics & numerical data , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Male , Metformin/pharmacology , Metformin/therapeutic use , Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data , Sitagliptin Phosphate/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
2.
Pediatr Diabetes ; 23(2): 183-193, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34779103

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin in youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with metformin ± insulin. STUDY DESIGN: Data were pooled from two 54-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of sitagliptin 100 mg daily or placebo added onto treatment of 10- to 17-year-old youth with T2D and inadequate glycemic control on metformin ± insulin. Participants (N = 220 randomized and treated) had HbA1c 6.5%-10% (7.0%-10% if on insulin), were overweight/obese at screening or diagnosis and negative for pancreatic autoantibodies. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c at Week 20. RESULTS: Treatment groups were well balanced at baseline (mean HbA1c = 8.0%, BMI = 30.9 kg/m2 , age = 14.4 years [44.5% <15], 65.9% female). The dose of background metformin was >1500 mg/day for 71.8% of participants; 15.0% of participants were on insulin therapy. At Week 20, LS mean changes from baseline (95% CI) in HbA1c for sitagliptin/metformin and placebo/metformin were -0.58% (-0.94, -0.22) and -0.09% (-0.43, 0.26), respectively; difference = -0.49% (-0.90, -0.09), p = 0.018; at Week 54 the LS mean (95% CI) changes were 0.35% (-0.48, 1.19) and 0.73% (-0.08, 1.54), respectively. No meaningful differences between the adverse event profiles of the treatment groups emerged through Week 54. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not suggest that addition of sitagliptin to metformin provides durable improvement in glycemic control in youth with T2D. In this study, sitagliptin was generally well tolerated with a safety profile similar to that reported in adults. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01472367, NCT01760447; EudraCT: 2011-002529-23/2014-003583-20, 2012-004035-23).


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Patient Safety/standards , Sitagliptin Phosphate/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Blood Glucose/analysis , Child , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Drug Therapy, Combination/statistics & numerical data , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Male , Metformin/pharmacology , Metformin/therapeutic use , Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data , Sitagliptin Phosphate/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
3.
Buenos Aires; s.n; 1998. 49 p. ilus, tab.
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: biblio-1205491

ABSTRACT

Las células epiteliales viscerales glomerulares o podocitos son células muy diferenciadas y especializadas, que ocupan una posición estratégica en la periferia del ovillo. Su biología no se conoce con exactitud, pero estudios recientes señalan que desempeñan un rol central en diversas enfermedades glomerulares, incluyendo la glomeruloesclerosis. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron analizar los diferentes cambios estructurales de las células epiteliales viscerales glomerulares registrados mediante microscopía óptica, microscopía óptica de alta resolución, y microscopía electrónica en las biopsias renales con glomerulopatías primarias y secundarias y su posible vinculación con la inciación o progresión de las mismas. Para tales fines se evaluaron 158 biopsias renales correspondientes a glomerulopatías, dignosticadas mediante microscopía óptica e inmunfluorescencia; a 67 de ellas se les realizó además microscopía óptica de alta resolución y microscopía electrónica. El material fue procesado según técnicas de rutina y se investigaron específicamente todas las alteraciones morfológicas de las células epiteliales glomerulares evidenciables con los métodos aplicados. Por otra parte, se efectuaron inmunomarcaciones con citoquerina, vimentina, desmina y alfa actina de músculo liso para determinar el fenotipo celular y PC10 y MIB 1 para establecer el índice de proliferación [IP=Nº de podocitos(+) / nº total de núcleos x 100]. Se consideró patológico un IP de > o = a 10... (TRUNCADO)


Subject(s)
Epithelial Cells/physiopathology , Kidney Glomerulus/cytology , Kidney Glomerulus/injuries , Kidney Glomerulus/pathology , Basement Membrane/injuries , Glomerular Mesangium , Microscopy, Electron , Kidney Cortex Necrosis , Glomerular Filtration Rate
4.
Buenos Aires; s.n; 1998. 49 p. ilus, tab. (83535).
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-83535

ABSTRACT

Las células epiteliales viscerales glomerulares o podocitos son células muy diferenciadas y especializadas, que ocupan una posición estratégica en la periferia del ovillo. Su biología no se conoce con exactitud, pero estudios recientes señalan que desempeñan un rol central en diversas enfermedades glomerulares, incluyendo la glomeruloesclerosis. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron analizar los diferentes cambios estructurales de las células epiteliales viscerales glomerulares registrados mediante microscopía óptica, microscopía óptica de alta resolución, y microscopía electrónica en las biopsias renales con glomerulopatías primarias y secundarias y su posible vinculación con la inciación o progresión de las mismas. Para tales fines se evaluaron 158 biopsias renales correspondientes a glomerulopatías, dignosticadas mediante microscopía óptica e inmunfluorescencia; a 67 de ellas se les realizó además microscopía óptica de alta resolución y microscopía electrónica. El material fue procesado según técnicas de rutina y se investigaron específicamente todas las alteraciones morfológicas de las células epiteliales glomerulares evidenciables con los métodos aplicados. Por otra parte, se efectuaron inmunomarcaciones con citoquerina, vimentina, desmina y alfa actina de músculo liso para determinar el fenotipo celular y PC10 y MIB 1 para establecer el índice de proliferación [IP=Nº de podocitos(+) / nº total de núcleos x 100]. Se consideró patológico un IP de > o = a 10... (TRUNCADO)(AU)


Subject(s)
Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney Glomerulus/cytology , Kidney Glomerulus/injuries , Kidney Glomerulus/pathology , Glomerular Mesangium , Epithelial Cells/physiopathology , Microscopy, Electron , Basement Membrane/injuries , Kidney Cortex Necrosis
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