Alleviation of the Genotoxic Effect of Experimental Circulatory Brain Hypoxia in Rat Cornea under the Effect of Infrared Low-Level Laser Radiation.

Experimental modeling of oxidative stress was conducted by creating circulatory brain hypoxia, accompanied by development of free radical processes leading to genome instability through an example of anterior epithelial layer of rat cornea. We studied the influence of infrared low-level laser radiation (ILLLR) in the therapeutic dose and mode (pulse power 8 W, λ=0.89 µm). Exposure of animals with circulatory brain hypoxia (ischemia) to ILLLR reduced the level of chromosome aberrations in corneal epitheliocytes and led to change in the mitotic index. Correction of the damaging effects of ischemia in the experiment in the absence of mutagenic effect of ILLLR in therapeutic dose and mode of exposure indicates the possibility of applying this physical method for correcting after-effects of oxidative stress during progression of degenerative eye diseases in ophthalmic practice.

Effect of Infrared Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation on Lipid Peroxidation under Conditions of Experimental Circulatory Hypoxia of Visual Analyzer.

The physiological stress modeled by circulatory hypoxia activates LPO processes in various tissues. In posthypoxic period, the infrared low-intensity laser irradiation significantly decreased the chemiluminescence parameters in blood plasma, normalized the retinal levels of diene and triene conjugates, and decreased MDA in the rat brain attesting to the correcting effect of this irradiation during various types of physiological stresses.

Examination of Statistical Instability of Electroencephalograms.

The study examined stochastic stability of EEG samples recorded in succession from the same healthy volunteer at unchanged state. The absence of statistical repetitions not only for EEG samples, but also for the corresponding spectral densities was proven. A method to calculate the pairwise comparison matrices of ECG samples and quasi-attractors was proposed. The diagnostic effectiveness of these calculations was demonstrated during photostimulation, when successive EEG samples chaotically changed under overall homeostatic conditions.

New Effect in Physiology of Human Nervous Muscle System.

A new phenomenon (or paradox) consisting in higher statistical stability of samples, for example, tremorograms, in a group of different subjects than in the same subject in unchanged homeostasis. At the same time, it turns out that 15 different subjects are more similar (statistically) to each other than one person to himself in 15 repetitions of tremorogram recording (in unchanged homeostasis). This poses serious problems for physiology and medicine, and in the context of transition to individualized medicine, this raises the question of how different people can be compared if they are statistically more similar than one person to himself.

Combined Effect of Silver Nanoparticles, Ceftriaxone, and Methyluracil during Experimental Purulent Peritonitis.

Bacterial biofilms provoke and/or promote the most chronic and recurrent infectious diseases. Previously, experimental models of purulent peritonitis and meningoencephalitis revealed positive antibiofilm effect of metallic nanoparticles and the absence of resistance against such nanoparticles in microorganisms. This study examines the combined effect of silver nanoparticles with ceftriaxone and methyluracil on recovery mechanisms during inflammatory diseases exemplified by purulent peritonitis in experimental animals.

Experimental Analysis of the Chaotic Dynamics of Muscle Biopotentials under Various Static Loads.

Arbitrary and involuntary movements were studied from the position of the new chaos-self-organization theory. Analysis of organization of tappingrams and tremorograms within the framework of N. A. Bernstein "repetition without repetitions" hypothesis leads to the Eskov-Zinchenko effect. In this case, there is no statistical stability for samples of parameters of electromyograms of any movements obtained in a row, i.e. fj (xi)≠fj+1(xi) with the probability p≥0.97. In this paper, the basic problem of motion physiology, stochastic instability establishment mechanisms, is solved in the analysis of muscle electromyogram parameters under conditions of permanent static force. Statistical instability of electromyograms within the framework of the Eskov-Zinchenko effect is proven.

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields Modulated by Infralow Frequencies on the Production of Stem Cells.

Experimental validation of the method for regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation is carried out. The method consists in exposure to ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation, modulated by infralow frequencies with variable parameters. A specially designed programmer, setting up the parameters of exposure, is connected to the source of radiation. The zones of anatomical location of the red bone marrow of rats were exposed for 15 min to the amplitude-modulated electromagnetic radiation of ultrahigh frequency range. The parameters of exposure were determined in previous studies. The red bone marrow was collected from the sternum and head of the femur. The cellular composition of the red bone marrow was evaluated 1, 2, 3, and 6 days after the exposure. The optimal therapeutic mode of irradiation was then chosen, leading to stem cell activation with subsequent proliferation and differentiation into mature red bone marrow cells.

Experimental Study of Statistical Stability of Cardiointerval Samples.

In 1947 M. A. Bernstein proposed a hypothesis about "repetition without repetition" in biomechanics that was confirmed in psychophysiology by the Eskov-Zinchenko effect. This effect can be applied to all parameters (except the parameters of the neuromuscular system) of human body homeostasis. For instance, this instability can be demonstrated for repeated samples of cardiointerval parameters (and other homeostasis parameters) of the human cardiorespiratory system. Within the framework of the new theory of chaos and self-organization, a method is proposed for calculation of matrices of paired comparisons of cardiointerval samples for assessing the physiological status of the human body and changes in homeostasis. Statistical instability of cardiointerval samples and their statistical distribution functions f(x) for successive cardiointerval samples in one subject is proven.

Relationship between the Contents of Cyclins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases, and Their Inhibitors in Whole Blood Mononuclear Leukocytes during the Postclinical Stage of Community-Acquired Pneumonia under the Influence of 1-GHz Microwaves.

The contents of cyclins A1, B1, E1, and D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 4 (CDK2 and CDK4), cyclin-dependent kinase 2C inhibitor (p18), and cyclin-dependent kinase 1C inhibitor (p57) in whole blood mononuclear cells of practically healthy donors and convalescents from community-acquired pneumonia were measured after cell exposure to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of 1 GHz. The level of cyclins A1, D1, and B1, p57, and p18 proteins, and CDK2 was reduced in convalescents, while the content of cyclin B1 was elevated in both groups. A strong correlation was found between the content of cyclin B1 and the levels of cyclin A1 and CDK2 in convalescents. Single exposure of whole blood cells to 1-GHz microwaves was accompanied by an increase in the content of the analyzed factors (particularly, cyclins A1 and E1). These data indicate that radiation induced activation of the synthetic phase of the cell cycle.

Experimental Verification of the Bernstein Effect "Repetition without Repetition".

The necessity of studying the Bernstein effect "repetition without repetition" is dictated by the absence of quantitative description of this effect and models that could describe such unique phenomena as repeated limb movements in a person in various mental states. In 30 nominally healthy volunteers (15 men, 15 women aged 24-25 years), tappingrams and tremorograms were recorded using an eddy current sensor with an oscillatory circuit (1 MHz) and an amplifier with recording frequency 0-1000 Hz and minimum amplitude of 0.01 mm. The results were recorded as files, processed as matrices of paired comparisons of samples, the number of matching sample pairs was determined (significance level p>0.05), and phase trajectories of finger movement were plotted. The effect was observed for both tapping and tremor and it is advisable to calculate the parameters of quasi-attractors that changed upon shifts in homeostasis.

[The algorithm for the determination of the sufficient number of dynamic electroneurostimulation procedures based on the magnitude of individual testing voltage at the reference point]. / Algoritm opredeleniya dostatochnogo kolichestva protsedur dinamicheskoi elektroneirostimulyatsii po napryazheniyu testirovaniya v repernoi tochke.

This article was designed to present evidence of the advantages of the personified approach to the treatment of the patients presenting with arterial hypertension (AH), lumbar spinal dorsopathy (LSD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and duodenal ulcer (DU) at the stage of exacerbation obtained by the measurements of testing voltage at the reference point (Utest). AIM: The objective of the present study was to develop the algorithm for the determination of the sufficient number (optimal duration) of therapeutic procedures of the protracted treatment with the use of the Utest at the reference point. THE PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 647 patients (439 women and 208 men at the age varying from 25 to 72 years) with grade I-II AH, DU at the stage of exacerbation, grades II and III lumbar spinal dorsopathy, grade II-III COPD. The informed written content to participate in the study was obtained from all the patients. They were divided into three groups. Those comprising group 1 were treated by standard therapy, patients of group 2 received the same treatment supplemented by dynamic electroneurostimulation (DENS) while the patients of the third group were given personified DENS in accordance with the determined sufficient number of DENS procedures. RESULTS: The blood pressure in the patients with AH comprising group 3 was found to decrease more significantly in comparison with those in groups 1 an 2 (by 9% and 3% respectively). The intensity of pain syndrome in the patients with lumbar spinal dorsopathy evaluated based on the visual analog scale decreased two-fold in group 3 in comparison with the 1.2 and 1.8 times decrease in groups 1 and 2 respectively. The level of pH in the stomach of patients with DU increased by 33.3% in group 3 in comparison with 12,5%, in group 1 and 21,8% in group 2. Vital capacity of the lungs in the patients of group 3 presenting with COPD and treated with the use of the personified approach was found to increase almost up to 612 ml in comparison with 477 ml in the patients given DENS in combination with standard therapy and only 219 ml in the control group. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study give evidence of the advantage of the personified treatment based on the determination of the sufficient number of the therapeutic procedures needed for the protracted treatment with the use of the Utest at the reference point. This approach can be used as a tool for the evaluation of the functional state of the patients and a method for the management of a chosen therapeutic strategy.

Effect of different doses of transmitters on the mechanisms of adaptation.

We studied the responses of the organism to administration of autonomic transmitters in different doses: epinephrine (from 0.0000001 to 300 µg per 100 g body weight), serotonin (25, 50, 250, and 500 µg), and their combinations. The concentrations of biogenic amines in the blood and hypothalamus and parameters of oxidative and antioxidant systems, immune status, and blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems were analyzed. Cyclic dose-dependent variations in the levels of transmitters were revealed that dynamically changed their properties of syntoxins and catatoxins.

Effects of polychromatic visible and infrared light on biological liquid media.

Experimental study of the effects of polychromatic visible and infrared light on biological fluids was carried out in order to validate the new approaches to phototherapy. Polychromatic light generated by Bioptron device at different modes and frequencies was released through the fiberoptic cable, including the exposure paralleled by CO2 saturation of water and exposure from a device placed 10 cm above the water surface, which ensured maximum light absorption. The effects of irradiation were recorded in 26 and 15 min, while the increase of light absorption by blood plasma in vivo was recorded 1 h after a bath with water pre-exposed to polarized light. Absorption bands corresponding to those for immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral drugs, were detected. Changes in the spectra of valency oscillations, depending on the oscillation anharmonism values, were detected.

[Homeopathy from the standpoint of modern medical science].

Theories and hypotheses concerned with the principle of similarity underlying homeopathic methods are discussed. P. K. Anokhin's theory of functional systems appears to explain the similarity principle in the best way. Data on the nature of energetic and informative properties of highly diluted homeopathic preparations are presented. Results of current studies on the mechanisms of their curative action are considered. The importance of nervous, immune, and humoral interactions is emphasized that involve the action of cytokines (local activators) on cell behaviour at the level of matrix.

[A course of chronic glomerulonephritis and constitutional features]. / Techenie khronicheskogo glomerulonefrita i konstitutsioanl'nye osobennosti.

AIM: To evaluate correlations between the course of chronic glomerulonephritis (CG) and the patients' constitution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 men and 33 women with chronic CG were divided into four groups: group 1--chronic latent GN, group 2--chronic nephrotic GN without renal failure, group 3--chronic mixed GN including rapidly progressive GN, group 4--chronic GN with renal failure. Constitution fell into 3 standard types of diathesis: dyscrasic (DD), arthritic (AD), psoric (PD). RESULTS: Most of the patients with chronic GN exhibited prevalence of DD symptoms over AD and PD ones, especially in groups 3 and 4. In less favourable course of GN, DD signs appeared the first, became more and more pronounced while AD and PD were minimal. In a favourable course of GN symptoms of AD and PD were as pronounced as of DD or even more apparent. CONCLUSION: Constitutional characteristics of the patients are essential for the course and prognosis of chronic GN as well as for assessment of GN progression pattern and response to treatment.

[Course of chronic hepatitis B and C and constitutional characteristics of the patients]. / Techenie khronicheskikh gepatitov B i C i konstitutsional'naia kharakteristika bol'nykh.

The relationship between hepatitis course and constitution assessed by the signs of 3 major diatheses (dyscrasic--DD. arthritic--AD and psoriatic--PD) was studied in 41 patients with HBV infection (low active-25 patients, moderate activity-6 patients, cirrhosis-10 patients) and 62 patients with NCV infection (low active-23, moderate-13, cirrhosis-26). In both infections domination of DD over AD and PD was associated with more severe course of the disease while Ad domination over DD and PD indicated a mild course. It is suggested that constitutional characteristics should be taken in consideration when assessing the course and prognosis of HBV- and HCV-infection.

[The course of peptic ulcer in relation to patients' constitution]. / Techenie iazvennoi bolezni v zavisimosti ot konstitutsional'nykh osobennostei bol'nykh.

Sixty one patients with peptic ulcer (PU) were examined to assess the specific features of its condition in relation to their affiliation to the type of morphological constitution (diathesis). Patients with PU were found to have most commonly dyscrasic diathesis. With predominant dyscrasic diathesis, there were more frequently complications of PU (rough scarring deformations of the gastric or duodenal walls, ulcer bleeding, perforation without clear association with the advance of PU, patient compliance, and the adequacy of antiulcerous therapy. Arthritic diathesis was next to dyscrasic one in its prevalence. Other diatheses (tuberculinic, psoriatic) were encountered much less frequently. Analysis of the diatheses manifested in a patient allows one to predict the course of PU, which is determined not only by the activity and duration of conventional antiulcerous treatment, as evidenced by these studies.

[Chemical integration in mechanisms of brain plasticity]. / Khimicheskaia integratsiia v mekhanizmakh plastichnosti mozga.

The paper analyzes investigations on brain functions from the viewpoint of P. K. Anokhin's theory of functional systems. Brain plasticity is postulated to be the result of convergence of various excitations on single brain neurons and of chemical integration of brain transmitters and modulators of peptide origin in the realization of biological motivations. Numerous findings of duplication of various neurotransmitters and oligopeptides in the central mechanisms of biological motivations, chemical rearrangement in the recovery period after the lateral hypothalamic syndrome when bilateral motivational centers of the hypothalamus were coagulated suggests that there is chemical compensation in the brain activity for homeostatic maintenance. The plasticity of extrahypothalamic brain structures are postulated to be more expressed as compared to the specific activities of hypothalamic, brain stem, and spinal cord structures.