Mastite bovina por Prototheca zopfii na região oeste do Paraná: Relato de casos / Bovine mastitis by Prototheca zopfii in western Paraná: Case reports / Mastitis bovina por Prototheca zopfii en la región oeste de Paraná: Relato de casos

Relatam-se três casos de mastite clínica em vacas da raça Jersey de uma propriedade localizada na região Oeste do estado do Paraná, refratários ao tratamento com antimicrobianos. Após realização de cultura das amostras de leite, foi identificada Prototheca zopfii, uma alga aclorofilada, unicelular, presente em matéria orgânica e resistente a antimicrobianos. Foi indicado o descarte dos animais positivos e, como medida de profilaxia, a higienização de caixas de abastecimento de água e bebedouros, uma vez que o manejo da ordenha e higienização da ordenhadeira era realizada de maneira adequada na propriedade. De acordo com a literatura consultada, este é o primeiro relato de mastite por Prototheca zopfii na região Oeste do Paraná, salientando a importância da realização da cultura de amostras de leite de vacas portadoras de mastite, especialmente em casos refratários ao tratamento.(AU)

Three cases of clinical mastitis were reported in Jersey cows at a farm located in western Parana, with a history of refractory treatment with antimicrobials. Milk sample cultures presented Prototheca zopfii, an aclorophylated, unicellular algae, present in organic matter and resistant to antimicrobial treatment. The disposal of positive animals was indicated, and the prophylactic measure of cleaning the water storage and drinking containers were encouraged, since the milking and cleaning of the milking machine were properly performed at the farm. According to the literature, this is the first report of mastitis by Prototheca zopfii in western Parana, thus emphasizing the importance of performing cultures to the milk samples of cows presenting mastitis, especially in cases that are refractory to treatment.(AU)

Tres casos de mastitis clínica se ha relatado en vacas de la raza Jersey, de una propiedad ubicada en la región Oeste del Estado de Paraná, resistentes al tratamiento con antimicrobianos. Después de la realización de cultura de las muestras de leche, se identificó Prototheca zopfii, un alga aclorofilada, unicelular, presente en materia orgánica y resistente a antimicrobianos. Se aconsejó el descarte de los animales positivos y, como medida de profilaxis, la higienización de las cajas de abastecimiento de agua y bebederos, una vez que el manejo de ordeña e higienización de la ordeñadera era realizada de forma adecuada en la propiedad. De acuerdo con la literatura consultada, este es el primer relato de mastitis por Prototheca zopfii en la región Oeste de Paraná, resaltando la importancia de realización de cultura de las muestras de leche de vacas portadoras de mastitis, especialmente en casos resistentes al tratamiento.(AU)

Improved gas exchange and survival after KL-4 surfactant in newborn pigs with severe acute lung injury.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of artificial surfactant therapy using KL-4 surfactant in newborn pigs with hydrochloric acid (HCl)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). DESIGN: After induction of ALI via intratracheal HCl instillation, pigs were randomized to receive 5.8 ml/kg KL-4 surfactant or no surfactant prior to extubation to bubble CPAP. SETTING: Clinical laboratory. SUBJECTS: Spontaneously breathing newborn pigs (<1 week of age). INTERVENTIONS: Treatment with KL-4 surfactant on bubble CPAP with PEEP of 6 cmH(2)O for 3.5 hr after extubation compared with controls. MEASUREMENTS: Physiologic parameters and arterial blood gases were measured every 15 min. At the conclusion of the study, the lungs were excised for the analysis of histopathology and morphometric data. MAIN RESULTS: Pigs treated with KL-4 surfactant had arterial blood gases with less acidosis (P < 0.001), higher P(a)O(2) levels (P < 0.001), and lower P(a)CO(2) levels (P < 0.001). Pigs treated with KL-4 surfactant had improved survival compared with controls (6/12 KL-4, 2/12 control, P < 0.05). Postmortem morphometric data demonstrated that pigs treated with KL-4 surfactant had larger (P < 0.05) exchange units in the caudal-dorsal lung as compared to relatively atelectatic region in the control animals. CONCLUSIONS: In newborn pigs with severe HCl-induced ALI, treatment with KL-4 surfactant resulted in improved respiratory parameters, less dependent atelectasis, and improved short-term survival.