ABSTRACT
Chronic wounds remain a therapeutic and financial challenge for physicians and the health care systems. Innovative, inexpensive and effective treatment methods would be of immense value. The sublesional fat grafting could be such treatment, although effectiveness and safety have only been assessed in a few randomised clinical trials. The fat graft was obtained by liposuction, washed with the Coleman method and then injected sublesional and into the wound margins after surgical debridement. For the control group, saline solution was used instead of fat. The primary endpoint was to determine the wound size reduction in both groups. The wounds were measured preoperatively, intraoperatively and 3, 7, 21 and 60 days after the intervention. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Furthermore, histology and microbiology of the wounds and pain were assessed. A temporary effect of the treatment was observed after 14 and 21 days. The wound size reduction was significantly larger in the intervention group, whereas after 60 days, no significant difference was detected between both groups. No adverse events could be reported and the pain level was almost equal in the control and intervention group. Sublesional fat grafting temporarily enhanced healing of chronic wounds. The procedure was safe and the pain level was low. Repeated interventions could lead to complete wound closure, which should be determined in future studies.
Subject(s)
Leg Ulcer , Varicose Ulcer , Humans , Wound Healing , Prospective Studies , Varicose Ulcer/therapy , Leg Ulcer/surgery , Adipose Tissue , PainABSTRACT
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8SC03170C.].
ABSTRACT
We present the in-depth determination of the magnetic properties and electronic structure of the luminescent and volatile dysprosium-based single molecule magnet [Dy2(bpm)(fod)6] (Hfod = 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione, bpm = 2,2'-bipyrimidine). Ab initio calculations were used to obtain a global picture of the electronic structure and to predict possible single molecule magnet behaviour, confirmed by experiments. The orientation of the susceptibility tensor was determined by means of cantilever torque magnetometry. An experimental determination of the electronic structure of the lanthanide ion was obtained combining Luminescence, Far Infrared and Magnetic Circular Dichroism spectroscopies. Fitting these energies to the full single ion plus crystal field Hamiltonian allowed determination of the eigenstates and crystal field parameters of a lanthanide complex without symmetry idealization. We then discuss the impact of a stepwise symmetry idealization on the modelling of the experimental data. This result is particularly important in view of the misleading outcomes that are often obtained when the symmetry of lanthanide complexes is idealized.
ABSTRACT
The [B12 H12](2-) anion shows an extensive substitutional chemistry based on its three-dimensional aromaticity. The replacement of functional groups can be attained by electrophilically induced substitution caused by Brønsted or Lewis acidic electrophiles (e.g. Pt(2+)). Until now, it was impossible to structurally characterize a metal-substituted [B12 H12](2-) cage. When an aqueous solution containing both Bi(3+) cations and [B12 H12](2-) anions was heated, the charge-neutral bismuth undecahydro-closo-dodecaborane BiB12 H11 was obtained, representing a new class of metalated [B12 H12](2-) clusters. The title compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopic methods. Compared to the typical B-H bond, the short B-Bi single bond (230â pm) exhibits inverted polarity.
