La Estrategia Española de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo 2015-2020 / A strategy for health and safety at work

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Conjunto mínimo básico de ítems para el diseño de cuestionarios sobre condiciones de trabajo y salud / Basic items to include when designing occupational risk and health questionnaires

Dada la utilidad de las Encuestas sobre Condiciones de Trabajo y Salud, la realización de éstas en distintos contextos es cada vez mayor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar y definir los ítems básicos que deben recogerse en los cuestionarios utilizados en este tipo de encuestas mediante un proceso de consenso estructurado entre expertos y a partir del cuestionario de la VI Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones de Trabajo. Se llegó a una propuesta consensuada acerca de los contenidos mínimos de un cuestionario de estas características, incluyendo las dimensiones de condiciones de empleo (9 ítems), condiciones de trabajo (58), amenazas y violencias en el trabajo (7) y estado de salud (11). Esta propuesta pretende servir de guía para la realización de nuevas encuestas (AU)

Given their usefulness, the implementation of surveys of working conditions and health in different contexts is increasing. Using a structured consensus approach involving experts, and based on the VI Spanish Survey of Working Conditions, the aim of this research was to identify and define a minimum set of items for inclusion in questionnaires used in these types of surveys. The final consensus proposal includes dimensions on employment conditions (9 items), working conditions (58), violence and threats at work (7) and health status (11). This minimum common set of items could be useful in guiding the development of future surveys (AU)

Conjunto mínimo básico de ítems para el diseño de cuestionarios sobre condiciones de trabajo y salud / Basic items to include when designing occupational risk and health questionnaires

Dada la utilidad de las Encuestas sobre Condiciones de Trabajo y Salud, la realización de éstas en distintos contextos es cada vez mayor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar y definir los ítems básicos que deben recogerse en los cuestionarios utilizados en este tipo de encuestas mediante un proceso de consenso estructurado entre expertos y a partir del cuestionario de la VI Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones de Trabajo. Se llegó a una propuesta consensuada acerca de los contenidos mínimos de un cuestionario de estas características, incluyendo las dimensiones de condiciones de empleo (9 ítems), condiciones de trabajo (58), amenazas y violencias en el trabajo (7) y estado de salud (11). Esta propuesta pretende servir de guía para la realización de nuevas encuestas(AU)

Given their usefulness, the implementation of surveys of working conditions and health in different contexts is increasing. Using a structured consensus approach involving experts, and based on the VI Spanish Survey of Working Conditions, the aim of this research was to identify and define a minimum set of items for inclusion in questionnaires used in these types of surveys. The final consensus proposal includes dimensions on employment conditions (9 items), working conditions (58), violence and threats at work (7) and health status (11). This minimum common set of items could be useful in guiding the development of future surveys(AU)

Encuestas de condiciones de trabajo y salud en España: comparación de los contenidos del cuestionario del trabajador / Health and working condition surveys in Spain: A comparison of worker questinnaire content

Objetivo: El uso generalizado de encuestas a trabajadores como fuente de información acerca de las condiciones de trabajo por parte delas administraciones europea, española y autonómicas plantea la necesidad de valorar la comparabilidad entre las diversas encuestas. Este artículocompara los contenidos incluidos en los cuestionarios para trabajadores de las encuestas de condiciones de trabajo y salud (ECTS) realizadasen España.Métodos: A partir de la documentación obtenida de las distintas instituciones responsables de las ECTS, se examinaron las preguntas incluidasen once cuestionarios en función de dimensiones previamente defi nidas: características individuales, condiciones de empleo, condicionesde trabajo (con cuatro subdimensiones: condiciones de seguridad, higiénicas, ergonómicas y de organización del trabajo), salud y condicionesde vida.Resultados: La mayoría de los cuestionarios examinados incluyen contenidos similares sobre características individuales, condiciones deempleo y condiciones de trabajo. Hay encuestas que no abordan algunas de las subdimensiones de las condiciones de trabajo, pero entre lasque sí los abordan hay coincidencia en las temáticas incluidas. La dimensión salud se considera muy marginalmente en dos cuestionarios. Porel contrario, la dimensión sobre condiciones de vida únicamente se incluyó en cuatro ECTS.Conclusiones: Hay una notable coincidencia entre los contenidos abordados en los diversos cuestionarios. Para incrementar la calidad yla comparabilidad de las ECTS queda pendiente defi nir ítems nucleares y validar las formulaciones(AU)

Objective: The frequent use of data derived from health and working condition surveys (HWCS) by regional, Spanish and Europeangovernments indicates a need to compare the questionnaires used to gather this type of information. . We compared the content of differentHWCS targeting Spanish workers.Methods: Based on documentation obtained from institutions charged with conducting HWCS, items from eleven questionnaires wereexamined, according to pre-defi ned constructs: worker characteristics, employment conditions, working conditions (with four sub-dimensions),and health and living conditions.Results: The majority of questionnaires included similar content on worker characteristics, employment conditions and working conditions.Two questionnaires largely excluded health-related issues, and items on living conditions were included in only four questionnaires.Conclusions: Concurrence in questionnaire content is remarkable. To enhance quality and comparability among HWCS results, there isa need to clearly defi ne a core of common items, and validate their formulation(AU)

Occupational exposure to inhalable wood dust in the member states of the European Union.

The aim of this study was to estimate occupational exposure to inhalable wood dust by country, industry, the level of exposure and type of wood dust in 25 member states of the European Union (EU-25) for the purposes of hazard control, exposure surveillance and assessment of health risks. National labour force statistics, a country questionnaire (in 15 member states, EU-15), a company survey (in Finland, France, Germany and Spain), exposure measurements (from Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom) and expert judgements were used to generate preliminary estimates of exposure to different types of wood dust. The estimates were generated according to industrial class (six wood industries, four other sectors) and level of exposure (five classes). These estimates were reviewed and finalized by national experts from 15 member states. Crude estimates were generated also for 10 new member states (EU-10). The basic data and final estimates were included in the WOODEX database. In 2000-2003, about 3.6 million workers (2.0% of the employed EU-25 population) were occupationally exposed to inhalable wood dust. Of those, construction employed 1.2 million exposed workers (33%), mostly construction carpenters. The numbers of exposed workers were 700,000 (20%) in the furniture industry, 300,000 (9%) in the manufacture of builders' carpentry, 200,000 (5%) in sawmilling, 150,000 (4%) in forestry and <100,000 in other wood industries. In addition, there were 700,000 exposed workers (20%) in miscellaneous industries employing carpenters, joiners and other woodworkers. The numbers of exposed workers varied by country ranging from <3,000 in Luxembourg and Malta to 700,000 in Germany. The highest exposure levels were estimated to occur in the construction sector and furniture industry. Due to limited exposure data there was considerable uncertainty in the estimates concerning construction woodworkers. About 560,000 workers (16% of the exposed) may be exposed to a level exceeding 5 mg m(-3). Mixed exposure to more than one species of wood and dust from wooden boards was very common, but reliable data on exposure to different species of wood could not be retrieved. This kind of assessment procedure integrating measurement data, company data, country-specific data and expert judgement could also serve as one model for the assessment of other occupational exposures.

Keratinocyte dysplasia: an usual finding after transplantation or chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Keratinocyte dysplasia is a histologic abnormality that has rarely been described in the first weeks after chemotherapy or transplantation. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of early keratinocyte dysplasia after chemotherapy or transplant and to analyze the relationship between dysplasia and chemotherapeutic agents, transplantation or development of acute graft vs. host disease (GvHD). METHODS: A computer search for transplant patients was performed in the Departments of Hematology, Oncology and Surgery. Only patients with a skin biopsy taken within the first days of transplantation or chemotherapeutic treatment were included in the analysis. RESULTS: Forty-four patients were included, of these 19 were women and 25 were men. Thirty-four (77.3%) of 44 biopsies showed keratinocyte dysplasia. This dysplasia was severe in 18 cases (40.9%). Cyclophosphamide was more likely to be associated with severe keratinocyte maturation disturbances (OR = 5.51) (p < 0.01) whereas cytarabine was associated with a lower risk (OR = 0.19) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe keratinocyte dysplasia is a usual histologic finding in patients who have received chemotherapy and/or transplantation (40.9%). Cyclophosphamide is the main chemotherapeutic agent significantly associated with a higher risk of severe dysplasia (OR = 5.51). Causes other than GvHD or preconditioning treatment may be involved in the keratinocyte dysplasia, as it can be also found in transplanted patients who have not received chemotherapy and/or have not developed GvHD.