Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on Thymidine Phosphorylase Activity in Model Experiment.

Variations in thymidine phosphorylase activity in rat liver were studied in 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after intraperitoneal bolus injection of 5-fluorouracil. Enzyme activity was measured by HPLC. A 2-fold decrease in enzyme activity was observed 3 h after 5-fluorouracil administration and persisted for 12 h. This additional effect of the cytostatic should be taken into account in choosing chemotherapy protocol.

[Distribution of 5-fluorouracil between lymphocytes and blood plasma].

In blood plasma of 8 healthy volunteers with resuspended lymphocytes incubated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) the drug distribution between cells and liquid was assessed by means of HPLC. Rapid accumulation of 5-FU in lymphocytes was proved (the drug concentration on the 3-rd minute is 2.5-fold higher than in plasma) as well as the absence of temporal changes of 5-FU content both in lymphocytes and blood plasma during 30 minutes of experiment.

[Lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity of blood and tissues in breast cancer].

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity was analyzed in the blood serum, primary tumor and adjacent uninvolved breast tissues from 49 women with adenocarcinoma and from 10 ones with benign adenofibroma. The LDH activity was increased in both cancerous and adjacent tissues. Serum LDH level reflects cell membrane alterations not only in the tumor node cells but also to a greater extent--in the surrounding unmalignant tissues. The discovered changes in nucleosides catabolic enzyme's activity in patients with breast cancer are correlated with LDH activity and its level in the blood serum.

The role of neurochemical mechanisms of ventromedial hypothalamus in various models of anxiety in rats.

Microinjections of glutamic acid, serotonin, and sulpiride in the ventromedial hypothalamus reduced anxiety in an illuminated platform avoidance task in rats, while dopamine, apomorphine, picrotoxin, and memantine increased it. Similar injections of phenylephrine and yohimbine reduced anxiety in threatening situation task only, while GABA reduced it in both tasks. It is suggested that various emotional and stress phenotypes are realized through functionally different neurochemical mechanisms of ventromedial hypothalamus.

[Prognosis in the course of postoperative period in acute appendicitis in children]. / Prognozirovanie techeniia posleoperatsionnogo perioda pri ostrom appenditsite u detei.

To determine the informative significance of the myoglobin test for prognosticating the postoperative complications in children treated by surgery for acute appendicitis, the authors compared the content of serum myoglobin in patients with a favorable (31 children) and in those with a complicated (12 children) course of the postoperative period. The detected peculiarities of the initial (at the time of the operative intervention) myoglobin level and its changes in the first two postoperative days allowed the possibility of the development of postoperative pyoinflammatory complications to be predicted with an accuracy of up to 75%.

[Secretion of active metabolites of arachidonic acid in ischemic cardiomyocyte destruction]. / Osobennosti vydeleniia aktivnykh metabolitov arakhidonovoi kisloty pri ishemicheskoi destruktsii kardiomiotsitov.

The authors studied the possible influence of the contractile apparatus of ischemic cardiomyocytes on the severity of their destruction. In experiments with total ischemia during contracture and relaxation, myocardial secretion of arachidonic acid metabolites was determined and the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes was appraised. The secretion of active metabolites of arachidonic acid by ischemic contracture cardiomyocytes was found to differ from that of relaxed cardiomyocytes, which may have an effect on the severity of myocardial inflammatory reaction and destruction rate in the zone of the infarction.

[Kinetics of myoglobin, creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase in uncomplicated and complicated forms of healing of experimental myocardial infarction]. / Kinetika mioglobina, kreatinkinazy i aspartataminotransferazy pri neoslozhnennom i oslozhnennykh formakh zazhivleniia infarkta miokarda v éksperimente.

It was demonstrated in experiments on 60 dogs that in hyporeactive myocardial infarction (MI) myoglobin (MG) concentration and the activity of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) increase at a slower rate and reach maximum values later. In hyperreactive MI the rate of their increase and the time of attainment of maximum values are, respectively, greater and earlier than in normoreactive MI. The connection of MG, CK, and ASAT changes with reactivity allows them to be used in prognosticating MI healing.

[Prognostic value of blood indices in children with acute appendicitis]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie pokazatelei krovi u detei s ostrym appenditsitom.

The results of comparative analysis of blood formula, volume and cellular content of peritoneal effusion in children operated on for acute appendicitis are presented. In unfavourable course of the postoperative period, a significant decrease in content of neutrophil granulocytes in the peripheric blood and its increase in the peritoneal effusion as compared with the indices in the control group was noted.

[The copper content of the myocardium in the acute form of ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie medi v miokarde pri ostroi forme ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The authors made an autopsy study of 32 hearts from patients who died of acute myocardial insufficiency, rhythm disorders and heart ruptures at terms from 1 to 50 days. It was found that the infarction zone (IZ) showed an absolute lower content of copper that the noninfarction zone (NIZ). The relative content of copper in the IZ was lowest in patients who died of acute cardiac insufficiency. These data may be used in evaluation of destruction and healing processes in patients with myocardial infarction.