Is There an Association Between Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Improved Outcome of Deep Chemical Peeling? A Randomized Pilot Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: Phenol chemical peeling (PCP) treatment is associated with prolonged recovery and sustained adverse events. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is known to accelerate wound healing. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of HBOT on PCP recovery period and adverse events. METHODS: This is a pilot randomized controlled clinical study. Women following PCP underwent 5 consecutive daily HBOT sessions, compared with PCP alone. Pain, pruritus, erythema, crusting, scaling, and edema were daily evaluated up to 28 days following PCP. Photographs taken on days 14 and 35 following PCP were assessed. Confidence to appear in public was assessed 14 days following PCP. RESULTS: Eight participants equally assigned to HBOT and control groups. Lower severity scores for erythema, scaling, and pruritus were documented in the HBOT group (mean difference 1.19, P = .006; .84, P = .04; and 2.19, P = .001, respectively). Photographic assessment severity score was higher for skin tightness, edema, erythema, crusting, and scaling in the control group on day 14 post PCP (P < .05) and for erythema on day 35 post PCP (P < .05). Epithelialization percentage was higher in the HBOT group on day 14 post PCP compared with controls (98.5% ± 1% vs 94.2% ± 1%; P = .021). The HBOT group scored higher in confidence to appear in public (20.8 ± 1.7 vs 14.5 ± 1.3; P = .029). CONCLUSION: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy following PCP is associated with faster recovery as assessed by both patients and caregivers. So far, HBOT was mainly used in the treatment of problematic or chronic wounds. Our study suggests expanding the indications in which hyperbaric oxygen treatment is applicable and recommended.

HISTORIQUE: Le traitement par exfoliation chimique au phénol (ECP) s'associe à une convalescence prolongée et à des événements indésirables soutenus. On sait que l'oxygénothérapie hyperbare (OTHB) accélère la guérison des plaies. La présente étude vise à évaluer l'effet de l'OTHB sur la convalescence et les effets indésirables après une ECP. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Dans le cadre du présent projet pilote clinique aléatoire et contrôlé, des femmes ont suivi cinq séances d'OTHB quotidiennes consécutives auprès une ECP, par rapport à l'ECP seule. Les chercheurs ont évalué la douleur, le prurit, l'érythème, la formation de croûtes, la desquamation et l'œdème tous les jours jusqu'à 28 jours après l'ECP. Ils ont évalué les photos prises les jours 14 et 35 après l'ECP ainsi que la confiance à être vus en public 14 jours après l'ECP. RÉSULTATS: Huit participants participantes ont été réparties également entre l'OTHB et des groupes témoins. Le groupe d'OTHB présentait des scores de gravité plus faibles pour ce qui est de l'érythème, de la desquamation et du prurit (différence moyenne 1,19, P = 0,006; 0,84, P = 0,04; et 2,19; P = 0,001, respectivement). Le score de gravité par évaluation photographique était plus élevé pour ce qui est de l'élasticité de la peau, de l'œdème, de l'érythème, de la formation de croûtes et de la desquamation dans le groupe témoin le jour 14 après l'ECP (P < 0,05) et de l'érythème le jour 35 après l'ECP (P < 0,05). Le pourcentage d'épithélialisation était plus élevé dans le groupe d'OTHB le jour 14 après l'ECP que dans les groupes témoins (98,5 %±1 % par rapport à 94,2 %±1 %, P = 0,021). Le groupe d'OTHB a obtenu des scores de confiance plus élevés à être vus en public (20,8 ± 1,7 par rapport à 14,5 ± 1,3, P = 0,029). CONCLUSION: Selon l'évaluation des patientes et des soignants, l'OTHB s'associe à une convalescence plus rapide après l'ECP. Jusqu'à maintenant, l'OTHB était surtout utilisée pour traiter des plaies problématiques ou chroniques. D'après la présente étude, il est possible d'élargir les indications pour lesquelles l'OTHB est applicable et recommandée.

Suction drains in esthetic breast implant exchange are associated with surgical site infections: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Surgical site infection (SSI) following esthetic breast implant exchange occurs in up to 2% of procedures. The effect of suction drains on SSI risk in these cases remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the SSI risk in the presence of suction drains after esthetic exchange of breast implants. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing esthetic breast implant exchange between 2012 and 2015. SSI was determined according to the definition of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model to identify independent risk factors for SSI was performed. RESULTS: A total of 256 women (504 breasts) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The mean age was 44 ± 11 years. The mean operative time was 93 ± 40 min. The mean implant age at the time of the exchange was 10.3 ± 6.5 years. Suction drains were used in 229 breasts (45.4%) and were removed after 6 ± 7 days. Twenty (4%) breasts were diagnosed with SSI, of which 17 had suction drains. Suction drain use and days until drain removal were associated with a higher risk of SSI (85.0% vs. 43.8%, p < 0.001; 6.97 days vs. 12.07 days, p < 0.001, respectively). The use of suction drains remained an independent risk factor for SSI after adjustment for age, smoking, and previous capsular contracture (OR = 10.66, CI 95% 2.42-46.82). CONCLUSIONS: Suction drain use in esthetic breast implant exchange is associated with an increased risk of SSI. Surgeons should carefully consider using suction drains in selected cases only.

MRI in detecting facial cosmetic injectable fillers.

BACKGROUND: Despite being considered a non-invasive procedure, injections can cause adverse outcomes including infections, overfilling, asymmetry, foreign body granulomas, and reactions that lead to scarring. Complications may be associated with the procedure itself, the physician's technique, and/or the type of agent injected. In these instances, it is important to be able locate and identify the substance used. This study investigated the viability of using MRI to correctly identify injected substances, their symmetry of distribution, and related complications. METHODS: Fourteen patients with suspected injectable filler complications were identified by our institution's plastic surgery service. All subjects were scanned with MRI, using highly specific face-oriented sequences at high resolution with small field of view and thin slices across the axial and coronal planes by T1 Dixon non-contrast, T2 Dixon, and T1 Dixon after gadolinium injection. Two independent and blinded radiologists evaluated the images and reported (1) the likely injected substance, (2) symmetry, and (3) complications. These radiological results were compared against clinical data provided by the plastic surgery service. RESULTS: Ten patients (83 %) presented objective injectable complications: 4 had abscess, 4 granulomata, and 2 had allergic reactions to the injected substance. The Fleiss Kappa for inter-rater agreement on substances was 0.80. Asymmetry was identified in six patients (50 %) with a Kappa between radiology evaluators of 1. MRI characteristics of these common fillers are summarized in table form. CONCLUSIONS: Given the growing awareness among referring physicians of the value of dedicated facial MRI, utilization of this imaging technique may lead to discovery of the injected substance's true identity, evaluation of symmetry and/or complications.

Intraoperative pulmonary function dynamics in adolescents undergoing reduction mammoplasty: A prospective case series.

BACKGROUND: Improvement of lung function following reduction mammoplasty has been previously reported among adult populations in the medical literature. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the intraoperative dynamics of pulmonary function in adolescents undergoing reduction mammoplasty. METHODS: The present study is a prospective case series of female patients 13 to 18 years of age who underwent inferior pedicle reduction mammoplasty between November 20, 2006 and April 4, 2011. Documented variables included patient baseline characteristics, operation duration, muscle relaxant use and total breast tissue removed. Intraoperative pulmonary function data documented included: tidal volume, respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure, oxygen saturation percentage and pulmonary compliance. Differences in pulmonary function data were calculated as ratio between final and initial intraoperative values. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were included in the analysis. Mean (± SD) age was 16.9±1.1 years and mean body mass index was 28.9±6.1 kg/m(2). Mean operation time was 218±52 min, with average total bilateral breast tissue removal of 1810±1065 g. Improvement in lung compliance was observed in 24 patients (92.3%; P<0.0001). Mean intraoperative lung compliance improvement was 23.92% (95% CI 8.3% to 37%; P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Intraoperative improvement in lung compliance was observed in adolescent patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty.

HISTORIQUE: Les publications médicales ont déjà fait état d'une amélioration de la fonction pulmonaire au sein de la population adulte après une mammoplastie de réduction. OBJECTIFS: Évaluer la dynamique peropératoire de la fonction pulmonaire chez des adolescentes qui subissent une mammoplastie de réduction. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les chercheurs ont étudié la présente série de cas prospectifs de patientes de 13 à 18 ans qui ont subi une mammoplastie de réduction du pédicule inférieur entre le 20 novembre 2006 et le 4 avril 2011. Les variables observées incluaient les caractéristiques initiales des patientes, la durée de l'opération, l'utilisation de relaxants musculaires et la quantité totale de tissus mammaires extraits. Les données sur la fonction pulmonaire peropératoire observées incluaient le volume respiratoire, la fréquence respiratoire, la pression inspiratoire de pointe, la pression positive en fin d'expiration, le pourcentage de saturation en oxygène et la compliance pulmonaire. Les chercheurs ont calculé les différences dans les données sur la fonction pulmonaire entre les valeurs peropératoires finales et initiales. RÉSULTATS: Vingt-six patientes ont participé à l'analyse. Elles avaient un âge moyen (± ÉT) de 16,9±1,1 ans et un indice de masse corporelle moyen de 28,9±6,1 kg/m2. La durée moyenne de l'opération était de 218±52 min, et le retrait bilatéral total moyen de tissus, de 1 810±1 065 g. La compliance pulmonaire s'est améliorée chez 24 patientes (92,3 %; P<0,0001). L'amélioration peropératoire moyenne de la compliance pulmonaire s'élevait à 23,92 % (95 % IC 8,3 % à 37 %; P=0,001). CONCLUSION: On observe une amélioration peropératoire de la compliance pulmonaire chez les adolescentes qui subissent une mammoplastie de réduction.