[Immunomorphologic study of various endocrine cells in chronic gastritis and in intestinal metaplasia of the stomach]. / Imunomorfologichno prouchvane na niakoi endokrinin kletki pri khronichen gastrit i intestinalna metaplaziia v stomakha.

The amount of some endocrine cells in various forms of chronic gastritis with and without the presence of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach mucosa was studied immunohistochemically (PAP-reaction). The study was carried out on 18 samples of biopsied material for D-cells and on 31--for G cells. It was established that the amount of these cells as well as their ratio was changed in accordance with the form of chronic gastritis. Thus, for example++ , the number of D-cells was increased in mild forms of gastritis, but they were reduced in its grave form, while the number of G-cells gradually diminished from mild to grave forms. These changes give foundation to assume that hr hormonal disturbance of the stomach mucosa plays important role in pathogenesis of this disease. This suggestion is supported by the observed in dynamics quantitative changes of these cells, beginning even at the initial stages of this disease.

[A case of tuberculous myocarditis and rupture of a dissecting aortic aneurysm and of the left coronary artery of the heart during surgery for an aortic heart defect]. / Vurkhu edin sluchai s tuberkulozen miokardit i ruptura na disetsirashta anevrizma na aortata i liavata venechna arteriia na surtseto po vreme na operatsiia na aorten porok na surtseto.

A rare case of tuberculous myocarditis, miliary type, in hematogenic-disseminated tuberculosis of lungs and liver is reported. Some morphological characteristics of tubercules in myocardium require a broad differential diagnosis with idiopathic granulomatous myocarditis, sarcoidosis, lues and brucellosis. Tuberculosis was in combination with isolated heart defect-- insufficiancy of aortic valve, hypertonic disease, atherosclerosis, dissecting aneurysm of ascending aorta and left coronary artery of the heart, complicated by a rupture during the cardiac operation.

[Vascular changes in the lung in a case of primary (idiopathic) pulmonary hypertension]. / Sudovi promeni v beliia drob pri edin sluchai s purvichna (idiopatichna) belodrobna khipertoniia.

The authors present one lethal case of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in a male of 40. The pathomorphological examination revealed very characteristic changes in the vessels of the lungs. Often slot-like canals were found, with proliferated myoepithelial cells, connecting the lumena of vessels with thickened walls with thin-wall vessels ("plexiform changes") or with vessels with sinusoidal-cavernous type ("angiomatoid formations"). Those vascular changes are in a strong contrast with the absence of inflammatory alterations in the lungs. The possibilities of developing of similar vascular changes in the lungs, leading to PPH are discussed in accordance with the up-to date literature data.

[Lesion of the cardiac arteries in general miliary tuberculosis]. / Porazhenie arterii serdtsa pri obshchem miliarnom tuberkuleze.

An exceptionally rare case of isolated involvement of myocardial vessels with tuberculosis without the development of myocarditis is described. Tuberculosis granulomas were located in the adventitium of intra- and extramural ramifications of coronary vessels and along the fibers of interstitial tissue in immediate proximity to the vessels. The media was also affected in some areas by the specific inflammatory process in the form of foci. Uneven proliferation leading to the narrowing of the vessel lumina was observed in the intima. Tuberculous granulomas were found in the adventitium of the descending branch of the left coronary artery. The extention of the tuberculosis process into coronary vessels occurs most likely by the hematogenous route.

[Biochemical and histochemical studies of the alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase levels in the lymph nodes of experimental animals after noise exposure]. / Biokhimichni i khistokhimichni prouchvaniia vurkhu nivoto na alkalnata fosfataza i adenozintrifosfatazata v limfnite vuzili na opitni zhivotni pri shumovo vuzdeistvie.

The authors examined biochemically and histochemically the activity of alkaline phosphatase and adenosinetriphosphatase in lymph nodules of experimental animals, living under the conditions of continuous noise action (3 and 5 months) at a level of 95 decibels A for 3 hours daily in the morning. There were phase changes in the activity of the examined enzymes, which revealed considerable stability even after stopping the contact of the organism with noise factor. The manifested inhibition of the activity of alkaline phosphatase and partly of adenosinetriphosphatase suggested that the cells of lymph tissue revealed disturbances in the metabolic processes, which caused exhaustion of their protective function.

[Microcirculation of the aorta and coronary arteries in patients who died of myocardial infarct and generalized arteriosclerosis]. / Vurkhu mikrotsirkulatsiiata na aortata i venechnite arterii na surtseto pri pochinali s infakt na miokarda i generalizirana ateroskleroza.

The authors studied the microcirculation changes in ascending aorta and left coronary artery of the heart in 25 deceased with myocardial infarction, aged from 52 to 80, with two control groups: 20 cases with complicated atherosclerosis, aged from 54 to 80, and 4 cases--without atherosclerosis, aged 30-45. Histological and histochemical investigation methods were used. The authors found grave changes in vasa vasorum of aorta and coronary artery with the formation of arteries of "closing" type, hyperplasia of the muscular layer of the arterial and venous vessels anf fibrosis of their wall in the deceased with healed myocardial infarction and chronic coronary and cardiac insufficiency. Acute disturbance of blood microcirculation was observed in recent myocardial infarction, analogical to that in case of shock. Necrosis of the type of anemic infarctions and stratification of the wall with hemorrhages and fresh thrombosis were found in the media of aorta and coronary artery in myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Both necrosis and stratification are associated with the manifested endothelial proliferation, recent and organized thrombus in the small vasa vasorum and grave structural changes in the supplying vessels of aorta and coronary arteries.

[Disturbances in the processes of division and differentiation of the spermatopoietic epithelium in chronic Ramrod poisoning]. / Narusheniia v protsesite na delene i differentsirane na spermatopoetichniia epitel pri khronichna intoksikatsiia s ramrod.

The authors examined histomorphologic changes in the spermatopoietic epithelium in white rats during a chronic a 4-and 6-month intoxication with the herbacide ramrod, used in doses of 1/20, 1/100 and 1/200 of LD50. The authors found that the preparation, known as moderate toxic pesticide, inhibited spermatopoesis at the phase of the formation of spermatids, caused disorganization of seminal epithelium and occurrence of irregular dividing forms. There was dystrophic-degenerativ changes in sex tissue during longer intoxication as well as occurrence of multinuclear gigantic cells. Disturbance in the kynetics of the mitotic division of spermatogonium and blockade of meiosis at its early phases were found as well. The authors assumed that damages in spermatopoiesis were due to distrubed metabolism of the whole organism. An important role was given to the vascular changes, which induced secondary enhancement of the metabolic disturbances in the gonads.

[Dynamics of the restorative processes in the liver in chronic poisoning with zolon]. / Dinamika na vuzstanovitelnite protsesi v cherniia drob pri khronichna intoksikatsiia s preparata zolon.

The authors examined the dynamics of the repairing processes in liver of rats after 2 and 4-month intoxication, caused by the phosphor-organic preparation ZOLON. They found that the changes in liver were reversible at this length of intoxication. Glycogen and RNA storage recovered almost to their initial values. Kupffer's cells were hyperplastic and the number of two-nuclear liver cells was increased diffusely in the lobule. The changes in the vascular walls of the periportal areas persisted. The degree of the repairing processes in liver depended on the dose used and the duration of the action. The obtained data could be taken into consideration in preparing hygienic and prophylactic measures for the individuals working with this preparation.

[Frequency, etiological factors and the morphological characteristics of myocardial infarct in youth]. / Chestota, etiologichni faktori i morfologichni osobenosti na miokardniia infarkt v mlada vuzrast.

Examinations were carried out on 827 deceased with myocardial infarction (MI), 27 (3.26%) out of them being at a rather early age (26-44). The average age of those examined with MI at that early age is 39. The males are affected more frequently than females -- ratio 3.5:1. In 89 per cent of the examined the coronary insufficiency was manifested clinically and morphologically before the age of 40 and two or more MI, with a different duration were established. The most frequent causes of the development of MI are coronary atherosclerosis in 48.15 per cent, rheumatism (coronary embolism) in 14.81 per cent, endarteritis obliterans in 7.14 per cent and leutic coronaritis in 3.70 per cent. In 25.93 per cent of the examined only lipoidosis or completely intact coronary arteries were established. Almost in all of the examined cardiac hypertrophia was present, the average weight of the heart being 434 g. In a part of the examined, morphological changes in microcirculation were observed -- namely -- formation of microthrombosis, manifested intimal cushions, fibrosis of the walls and perivasal fibrosis of the muscular arteries and arteriols.

Changes of adenosine triphosphatase activity in the testes of albino rats under combined influence of low-frequency vibration and intoxication with the herbicide "Ramrod".

The authors follow up the changes of the ATP-ase activity in the testes of albino rats under the influence of Ramrod and low-frequency vibrations, applied separately or in combination. They find that under the influence of a 30-days vibration period upon the gonads of the test animals, there appear changes in the energetic metabolism of a utilizing type, which manifest themselves with an increase of the enzyme activity. The intoxication with Ramrod during four months decreases that activity, whereas through prolongation of the intoxicating period the effect is reverse. The combination of both factors induces a synergetic action which is followed by a considerable increase of the ATP-ase activity.

[Late morphologic changes in the myocardia of experimental animals following chronic wofatox poisoning]. / Kusni morfologichni promeni v miokarda na opitni zhivotni sled khronichma intoksikatsiia s vofatoks.

The authors examined the morphologic changes in the myocardium of male white rats one and two months after chronic intoxication with the preparation BOFATOX, used in doses of 1/20 and 1/100 of LD50 for a period of two and four months. They observed circulatory and dystrophic changes during the first month, but after prolongation of repapatory period up to two months found definite pathologic changes, manifested by small cicatrixes, focal granuloma, vascular sclerosis and the presence of slightly manifested regenerative processes.

[Experimental study of the changes in a previously damaged and normal myocardium under the influence of hemorrhagic shock]. / Eksperimentalno prouchvane na promenite v predvaritelno uvreden i normalen miokard pod vliianieto na khemoragichen shok.

The authors examined morphologic changes in preliminarily damaged and normal myocardium under the influence of hemorrhagic shock. It was established that the preceding damages of the myocardium (microcicatrixes and organizing microinfarctions) made it more sensitive to acute hypoxia under the conditions of hemorrhagic shock. The electrone microscopic and histologic findings in both groups revealed acute and ischemic damages of the myocardium, manifested in vacuolization and distruction of mitochondria, dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, contracted changes and fuxinophilic necrosis. The morfometric determination of the degree of distribution of fuxinophilic necrosis revealed that they were considerably more manifested under the conditions of hemorrhagic shock on the background of myocardiopathy (p less than 0.001).

[Light microscopic and ultrastructural changes in the myocardium in experimental myocardiopathy in rats]. / Svetlinnomikroskopski i ultrastrukurni promeni v miokarda pri eksperimentalna miokardiopatiia u plukhove.

The authors examined the morphological changes in the myocardium of rats with myocardiopathy, caused by electrolytes, steroids and catecholamines. There were fresh and organized microinfarctions, occupying around 17--18% of the volume of the left heart ventricle. Scattered fuxinophilic necrosis were present in the zones outside the infarctions. The electrone microscopic examination of these areas showed vacuolization and crystolisis of mitochondria, dilatation of cysterns of the sarcoplasmic reticulum after dilatation of Z discs of miofibrils and increased folds with herniation of the intercanicular discs. The obtained model belongs to the group of the infarction-like myocardiopathies and resembles the changes in the human myocardium during involvment of the small intramural myocardial arteries and microcirculatory bed.

[Pathomorphological and histochemical changes in the intestines of white rats due to low-frequency vibration]. / Patomorfologichni i khistokhimichni promeni v chervata na beli plukhove pri vuzdeistvie s niskochestotni vibratsii.

The authors carried out experiments on animals (40 white male rats) which were subjected to daily a two-hour action of the common vertical sinusoidal vibrations with a frequency of 20 Hr (I group) and 50 Hr (II group) with acceleration of 22,0 m/sec2 for a period of ten days (I group--A and second group--A) and 30 days (I group--B and II group--B). Histomorphological and histochemical methods were used and the authors found changes in microcirculation and structure of the intestinal wall manifested in the animals of the II group. The obtained results were in support of the clinical data on the disturbances in intestinal function in patients with vibration disease and corresponded to the experimental data on the occurrence of vascular and dystrophic changes in the internal organs under vibration action.