ABSTRACT
A review of the literature, the authors present information about angiogenesis, as the process of formation of new blood vessels in the organ or tissue from pre-existing vasculature by migration and proliferation of endothelial cells, as well as on the processes of regulation. Presents key regulatory system angiogenesis. The main attention is paid Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Specially structured data on the role of Vascular endothelial growth factor in human pathology, including diseases of gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory and neoplastic nature.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/blood supply , Gastrointestinal Tract/blood supply , Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism , Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism , Endothelium, Vascular/pathology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism , Humans , Microcirculation/physiology , Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism , Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology , Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects , Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiologyABSTRACT
The autoplastic surgery by intestine tissue has been used for reconstructive therapy of the urinary tract since the middle of the last century; however, cell mechanisms of the urothelium engraftment are still obscure. Intestine stem cells possess plasticity and presumably enable after the autoplastic surgery to transdifferentiate into mature cells of urinary tract. Using the preliminary developed in vivo model for evaluation of somatic cells transdifferentiation into urothelium, we have found that the epithelial intestine cells producing Gfp transdifferentiate into the cryoinjured bladder urothelium of the syngenetic C57BL mice. Gfp was detected in the bladder tissue of mice-recipients using reverted polymerase chain reaction, primary fluorescence and immunofluorescence, while colocalization of the Gfp and Her-4 revealing similar to urothelium staining pattern was demonstrated in a few urothelium cells by double immunohistochemical staining of the bladder tissue with specific antibodies. The results obtained suggest that epithelial intestine cells enable to transdifferentiate into bladder urothelium, however the transdifferentiation level is low and presumably can not provide full functional urothelium engraftment in the case of autoplastic bladder surgery by intestine tissue.
