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2.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25570153

ABSTRACT

Stature is an important biological characteristic considered in the clinical activities. Height (h)is frequently hard to measure in the elderly population or in people with skeletal deformities and vertebral fractures. Furthermore it represents also a key point in forensic evaluations. Our aim was to provide an equation in order to predict human height based on the Longitudinal Scapular Diameter(LSD) measured through a Chest X-ray (CX) in an elderly Italian population. We enrolled 60 patients (age > 65 years) who underwent a standard CX. An average LSD was obtained on the basis of the measurements of left and right scapula. Stature was measured in standard conditions by a calibrated stadiometer in all patients. A linear predictive model was employed to estimate stature by LSD. The predictive equation for stature estimation [cm] from LSD [cm] was: h=2.969*LSD+116.7. The linear regression was significant (p <; 0.01) and the correlation coefficient was 0.75. In order to assess the performance of the proposed model, we compared our results with the values obtained in the same population with a largely employed approach, i.e., the Chumlea's method. Considering the whole population, the mean error using LSD equation was 4.4 cm vs 4.6 cm from Chumlea's. The proposed linear relationship between human height and LSD measured by CX can be considered valid in elderly patients, showing comparable results to the Chumlea's method.


Subject(s)
Body Height/physiology , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Scapula/diagnostic imaging , White People/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anthropometry , Humans , Italy , Linear Models
3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24110016

ABSTRACT

Together with race, stature and age, sex is a main component of the biological identity. Thanks to its proportional correlation with parts of the human body, sex can be evaluated form the skeleton. The most accurate approach to determine sex by bone size is based on os coxae or skull. After natural disaster their presence can never be guaranteed, therefore the development of methods of sex determination using other skeletal elements can result crucial. Herein, sexual dimorphism in the human scapula is used to develop a two-variable discriminant function for sex estimation. We have enrolled 100 males and 100 females who underwent thoracic CT scan evaluation and we have estimated two scapular diameters. The estimation has been carried out by analyzing images of the scapulae of each patient after three dimensional post-processing reconstructions. The two-variable function allows to obtain an overall accuracy of 88% on the calibration sample. Furthermore, we have employed the mentioned function on a collection of 10 individual test sample from the collection of the "Museo di Anatomia Umana di Firenze" of the Università degli Studi di Firenze; sex has been correctly predicted on 9 skeletons.


Subject(s)
Scapula/anatomy & histology , Sex Determination by Skeleton/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Calibration , Discriminant Analysis , Female , Forensic Anthropology , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Male , Middle Aged , Organ Size , Sex Determination by Skeleton/standards , White People
5.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol ; 30(1): 86-94, 2007 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17587218

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare introital ultrasound with colpocystodefecography (CCD) in quantifying the anorectal angle and in the diagnosis of posterior pelvic floor disorders. METHODS: Forty-three consecutive women with functional impairment of the posterior pelvic floor were enrolled after a clinical evaluation. Using both CCD and introital ultrasound examination, the anorectal angle was measured during squeezing to evaluate the strength of voluntary muscle contraction and during straining to assess pelvic floor relaxation. Rectocele depth and the presence of intussusception were assessed. The performance of CCD and that of introital ultrasound were compared. RESULTS: Good concordance was obtained between introital ultrasound and CCD. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69-0.89) for measurement of the anorectal angle during squeezing and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.47-0.81) during straining. Rectoceles > 4 cm on CCD were detected by introital ultrasound in 100% of cases, and there was 91% agreement for rectal intussusception. Cohen's kappa index was moderate for rectocele assessment (0.41, P < 0.01) and excellent for intussusception (0.91, P < 0.001). It was also noted that introital ultrasound could be used to detect pelvic floor dyssynergia. CONCLUSIONS: Introital ultrasound is a simple, accurate, non-invasive method with which to assess anorectal dynamics.


Subject(s)
Colposcopy/methods , Defecography/methods , Fecal Incontinence/diagnostic imaging , Pelvic Floor/diagnostic imaging , Rectum/diagnostic imaging , Vagina/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Endosonography/methods , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pelvic Floor/physiopathology , Rectal Diseases/diagnosis , Ultrasonography/methods , Urinary Bladder Diseases/diagnosis
6.
J Spinal Disord Tech ; 15(5): 436-9, 2002 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12394671

ABSTRACT

Sciatic pain caused by endometriosis of the sciatic nerve is an uncommon clinical finding and seems to have been verified histologically in only a few cases. Patients complain of typical signs and symptoms of common sciatica that are cyclic in nature. Suggested compression of lumbar root or sciatic nerve or its plexus could be confirmed by electromyography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging, and by prompt response to hormonal suppression of ovarian function with regression of the radiologic findings. Patients often have required radical surgery with total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. However, conservative surgery with excision of the endometriosis from the nerve can be successful in selected patients who wish to preserve reproductive function. We report a case of sciatic nerve involvement explored by magnetic resonance imaging, with endometriosis in contact with the nerve in the right sciatic trunk.


Subject(s)
Endometriosis/complications , Endometriosis/surgery , Sciatic Nerve/pathology , Sciatica/etiology , Sciatica/surgery , Adult , Endometriosis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Periodicity , Sciatica/diagnosis , Sciatica/therapy
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