ABSTRACT
This study describes the estimation of age at death from the compact bone of burned and unburned human ribs. Bone samples came from individuals of known age, sex, and cause of death. Each bone was divided into four sections; three sections were burned at 700, 800, and 1000°C. Undecalcified, unstained ground cross sections were photographed, and 28 variables were analyzed in the bones using SigmaScan Pro 5. Age-related as well as heat-induced microstructural changes were found. These changes were often very similar and made estimating the age at death difficult in the burned bones. Differences between the sexes were found in some variables, caused by both aging and also by the different behavior of some variables during burning. Regression equations were developed to estimate age at death for unburned bones (r² = 0.579 and 0.707), bones burned at 700°C (r² = 0.453 and 0.501), and 800°C (r² = 0.334 and 0.340).
Subject(s)
Age Determination by Skeleton/methods , Burns/pathology , Ribs/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Forensic Pathology , Haversian System/pathology , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Linear Models , Male , Microscopy , Middle Aged , Photography , Ribs/injuries , Sex Characteristics , Temperature , Young AdultABSTRACT
The presented study deals with the effect of the cremation temperature on the microstructure and morphology of the human compact bone. The biological material consisted of samples from ribs of recent Central European origin belonging to individuals of known age, sex and cause of death. Each bone sample was divided into several sections. One section remained unburned and the rest were burned at 700, 800 and 1000 degrees C. A few samples were burned also at the temperature of 600 degrees C. The undecalcified unstained ground cross-sections were made from burned and unburned bones; photographed and analysed using the SigmaScan Pro 5 programme. During burning, both the macroscopic and microscopic dimensions of the bone shrink, including the measures of the individual microstructures. The percentual representation of the area of individual microstructures on the area of the cross-section decreases. The number of individual microstructures per mm2 of the compact bone cross-section increases. Most microstructural variables demonstrated statistically significant differences at the individual temperatures of cremation. The burned bones showed a large scale of the colours, especially at 700 degrees C.
Subject(s)
Cremation , Ribs/chemistry , Adult , Anthropology, Physical , Histocytochemistry , Hot Temperature , Humans , Male , Ribs/radiation effects , Ribs/ultrastructureABSTRACT
Effects of methylxanthine derivatives, which are inhibitors of phosphodiesterases I-IV used against bronchial asthma, on the composition of glycoconjugates in goblet cells were evaluated in tracheal epithelium of rabbits at 15 and 30 min after intravenous administration of aminophylline (Syntophyllin) and a mixture of etophylline and theophylline (Oxantil), respectively. Percentages of tracheal goblet cells containing neutral, total acidic, sulphated acidic, and sialylated acidic glycoconjugates were assessed using both conventional and lectin histochemistry. No significant changes were found in both experimental groups at 15 min after exposure. A significant decrease in percentage of alpha(2-3)-sialylated glycoconjugate-containing goblet cells occurred at 30 min after administration of Syntophyllin only. It is concluded that the mucus composition of tracheal goblet cells has been affected by the bronchospasmolytic drug Syntophyllin but not by the vasodilator drug Oxantil.
