[Antihomotoxic therapy in patients with inflammatory and dystrophic salivary gland diseases].

Traumeel S was used as monotherapy for salivary glands inflammatory and dystrophic disorders. The study showed the drug to be especially efficient by exacerbation of the recurrent disease but the results were poor by indolent disease and on the latter stages of dystrophic disorder. Traumel S may be recommended to be used in combined therapy for salivary glands inflammatory and dystrophic disorders treatment.

[Pharmacological and physiological specificities of local anesthesia in dentistry]. / Farmaco-fiziologicheskie osobennosti mestnogo obezbolivaniia v stomatologii.

Described in the paper are the specificity of local analgesia at the medical dental procedures and the effect produced by local anesthetics and vasoconstrictive agents on the induction of nervous fibers and peripheral blood circulation. The pharmacological-and-physiological mechanisms of local analgesia by a 2% artikain solution (with adrenalin, concentration 1:100,000) and by a 2% mepivakain solution (with adrenalin, concentration 1:100,000) exerted on the pain sensitivity and blood circulation in the tooth pulp are analyzed.

[Results of comparative studies of psychophysiological factors essential for self-evaluation of pain during oral therapeutic interventions]. / Rezul'taty sravnitel'nogo izucheniia psikhofiziologicheskikh faktorov, vliiaiushchikh na osoznanie (otsenku) boli pri provedenii terapevticheskikh stomatologicheskikh vmeshatel'stv.

The efficiency of infiltration, conduction, and intraligamental anesthesia with different anesthetics for oral therapeutic interventions was evaluated in 331 patients without concomitant somatic diseases. The levels of reactivity and personal anxiety, as well as the patient's mood have an essential impact on their own appraisal of the quality of analgesia, which the dentist should bear in mind when planning and carrying out anesthesia. Mean and high levels of anxiety are characterized by decreased subjective confidence in the quality of analgesia and can mislead the dentist, if he/she neglects these characteristics.

[The comparative efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the combined treatment of periodontal diseases]. / Sravnitel'naia éffektivnost' nesteroidnykh protivovospalitel'nykh sredstv v kompleksnom lechenii zabolevanii parodonta.

Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NAID) are compared in 120 patients with periodontitis. The results confirmed clinical efficacy of modern NAID in this patient population. The best clinical results were achieved with voltaren. Local anti-inflammatory efficacy of dressings with acetylsalicylic and orthophene ointments and pyroxiphene was virtually the same.

[The action of Carpule-delivered local anesthetics and their combinations with vasoconstrictors]. / Deistvie karpulirovannykh mestnykh anestetikov i ikh sochetanii s vazokonstriktorami.

Analysis of published data on the effects of drugs used in dentistry for local analgesia and of the authors' findings will help the dentists properly select adequate analgesia with due consideration for the extent of intervention and patient's condition. Study of carpulated local amide anesthetics lidocaine, mepivacaine, and articaine revealed the relationship between the efficacy of anesthesia and its effects on cardiovascular system, on the one hand, and the anesthetic proper, presence of a vasoconstrictor, and type of anesthesia, on the other.

[The use of antihomotoxic therapy in dentistry]. / Primenenie antigomotoksicheskoi terapii v stomatologii.

Efficacy of traumel C is assessed in patients with various maxillofacial inflammations. Sixty-nine patients with diseases of the buccal mucosa (aphthous stomatitis, herpes labialis, and perlèches), periodontal tissues, and painful syndrome after dental canal filling were treated. Applications of the drug were administered to patients with diseases of the buccal mucosa and slight or medium-severe periodontitis. Patients with grave periodontitis and pain after dental canal filling were injected with traumel solution. Positive shifts were attained in all cases. The duration of treatment depended on the process severity. The results recommend traumel C as an ointment for local applications and an injection solution for combined therapy of diseases of the buccal mucosa and periodontitis. The treatment schemes are convenient for outpatient treatment; there are no contraindications precluding the drug use. No side effects were observed.

[The characteristics of the action of Carpule-delivered local anesthetics and their combinations with vasoconstrictors (a preliminary report)]. / Osobennosti deistviia karpulirovannykh mestnykh anestetikov i ikh sochetanii s vazokonstriktorami (predvaritel'noe soobshchenie).

Analysis of the authors' findings and published reports on the effects of local anesthetics will help a dentist properly choose adequate anesthesia for each patient with due consideration for the type of intervention and anesthesia. Study of the carpulated local amide anesthetics lidocaine, mepivacaine, and articaine helped detect the relationship between the efficacy of analgesia and its effect on the cardiovascular system, on the one hand, and the drug used, presence of a vasoconstrictor, and type of anesthesia, on the other.

[A comparison of the effect of tranquilizers in experiments and clinical practice]. / Sravnenie éffekta trankvilizatorov v éksperimente i klinicheskoi praktike.

Experimental and clinical study of the analgesic effects of mebicar and benzodiazepine series tranquilizers (sibazon and chlozepid) and their combinations with non-narcotic analgesics (amidopyrin, pyranal) or local anesthetic lidocaine has demonstrated a more marked effect of benzodiazepine derivatives on pain sensitivity thresholds as against mebicar. Tranquilizer combinations with other analgesics helped define the optimal premedication variants: benzodiazepine derivative augment analgesic activity whereas mebicar potentiates lidocaine effect.

[The pharmacokinetic characteristics of drug absorption in the oral cavity]. / Farmakokineticheskie osobennosti vsasyvaniia lekarstvennykh veshchestv v polosti rta.

The review presents the literature data on the peculiarities of effects of the drugs administered in the systemic blood flow by using application to different areas of the oral mucosa.

[Interaction of morphine and non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents]. / Vzaimodeistvie morfina i nesteroidnykh protivovospalitel'nykh sredstv.

A study was made of the analgesic action of combined morphine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NAIA)--voltaren, ibuprophen and metindol. It was established that injection of morphine prior to NAIA gives rise to a reduction in the analgesic effect, whereas the combined use of the drugs or administration of NAIA following morphine entails the retention of the effect. Pretreatment with prostaglandin E produces opposite changes in the effect of the analgesics--potentiation of analgesia upon morphine injection and its reduction after NAIA. The data obtained present indirect evidence for the importance of prostaglandins in the antagonism of morphine and NAIA.

[Pain-alleviating action of gidifen and its combinations with analgesics]. / Izuchenie boleutoliaiushchego deistviia gidifena i ego sochetanii s anal'getikami.

The analgesic effect of gidifen, a new tranquilizer belonging to the group of organophosphorus compounds, manifests itself in relatively high doses (1/3 of the LD50). The quantitative characteristics of the analgesic action depends on the method for evaluating the analgesic action of the drug. On combined use of gidifen and analgesics applied in a definite dosage range the analgesic effect is potentiated. If the tranquilizer under study is combined with non-narcotic analgesics, the above potentiation is accompanied with an increase in the toxicity and myorelaxant activity of gidifen. On combination of the latter with morphine the parameters under consideration are unchanged. According to the pattern of interaction with analgesics gidifen does not differ in principle from benzodiazepine tranquilizers. However, the drug is not superior to benzodiazepines in this respect.

[Action of morphine and fentanyl during the electrostimulation of biologically active points]. / Deistvie morfina i fentanila v usloviiakh élektrostimultiatsii biologicheski aktivnykh tochek.

Experiments on rabbits showed the summation of analgesia induced by electric stimulation of biologically active points (BAP) and by administration of morphine and fentanil within a certain dosage range. The differences recorded in cortical evoked potentials in response to excitation of BAP and of an active point of the rabbit forefoot were levelled off in the presence of morphine administration.

[Change in the electrodermal resistance at biologically active points as an index of the functional state of the body in animals]. / Izmenenie élektrokozhnogo soprotivleniia v biologicheski aktivnykh tochkakh kak pokazatel' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia organizma zhivotnykh.

Variations in electrodermal resistance (EDR) at biologically active points were recorded in rat experiments during administration of neurotropic agents. Morphine and aminazine raised while corasole diminished EDR at these points. Variations in EDR at the biologically active points can be regarded as an index of the function of the animal central nervous system.

[Pain-alleviating action of fentanyl and pentazocine in combination with droperdol and carbidine]. / Boleutoliaiushchee deistvie fentanila i pentazotsina v kombinatsii s droperidolom i karbidinom

Tests staged on rabbits showd that analgesic (phentanyl and pentasocine), neuroleptics (droperidol and carbidine) and their combinations produce a more pronounced and analgesic action with an electric irritation of the dental tissues than with that of the rabbit's paw. Neuroleptanalgesic mixtures containing pentasocine display a somewhat weaker analgesic activity, but their effect lasts longer and they have a less marked influence on the respiration. Mixtures containing cabidine in lieu of droperidol produce a somewhat greater analgesic effect and relax and skeletal muscles less.