ABSTRACT
Treatment of soft tissue wounds with bone or tendon exposure remains a tough clinical challenge for surgeons. The current clinical approaches include various types of flap reconstruction and artificial dermis grafting as well as negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), which are time-consuming and often result in graft failure or significant scarring. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a novel blood extract that contains many growth factors, platelets and fibrin to promote an orderly healing process. However, few reports have focused on wounds with bone or tendon exposure. We present a limited series and two specific cases of skin wound with bone or tendon exposed that received surgical debridement followed by CGF treatment. CGF appeared to facilitate wound closure effectively and also reduced scar formation. Our findings provide a novel therapeutic option for refractory wounds with bone or tendon exposure.
Subject(s)
Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Soft Tissue Injuries , Humans , Skin Transplantation , Wound Healing , Soft Tissue Injuries/therapy , Cicatrix/surgery , Tendons/surgery , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/therapeutic use , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Melanoma can secrete tumor angiogenesis factors, which is the essential factor for tumor growth and metastasis. However, there are few reports on the relationship between angiogenesis factors and prognosis risk in melanoma. This study aimed to develop a prognostic risk model of angiogenesis for melanoma. Forty-nine differentially expressed angiogenesis were identified from the TCGA database, which were mainly involved in PI3K/Akt pathway, focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathway. We then establish an eleven-gene signature. The model indicated a strong prognostic capability in both the discovery cohort and the validation cohort. Patients of smaller height (<170 cm) and lower weight (<80 kg) and those with advanced-stage and ulcerated melanoma had higher risk scores. The risk score was positively correlated with mutation load, homologous recombination defect, neoantigen load and chromosome instability. In addition, the high-risk group had a higher degree of immune cell infiltration, better response to immunotherapy and lower immune score. Therefore, these results indicate that the risk model is an effective method to predict the prognosis of melanoma.
Subject(s)
Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms , Angiogenesis Inducing Agents , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Humans , Melanoma/pathology , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Prognosis , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Melanoma, Cutaneous MalignantABSTRACT
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancer cases; however, it is characterized by easy relapse and low survival rate, leading to one of the most intractable diseases in clinical practice. Despite decades of basic and clinical research, little progress has been made in the management of SCLC. The current standard first-line regimens of SCLC still remain to be cisplatin or carboplatin combined with etoposide, and the adverse events of chemotherapy are by no means negligible. Besides, the immunotherapy on SCLC is still in an early stage and novel studies are urgently needed. In this review, we describe SCLC development and current therapy, aiming at providing useful advices on basic research and clinical strategy.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/therapy , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/etiology , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/genetics , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/pathologyABSTRACT
Certain cancer cells with nutrient auxotrophy and have a much higher nutrient demand compared with normal human cells. Arginine as a versatile amino acid, has multiple biological functions in metabolic and signaling pathways. Depletion of this amino acid by arginine depletor is generally well tolerated and has become a targeted therapy for arginine auxotrophic cancers. However, the modulatory eï¬ ;ect of arginine on cancer cells is very complicated and still controversial. Therefore, this article focuses on arginine metabolism and depletion therapy in cancer treatment to provide systemical review on this issue.