Quantitative and qualitative yield in sweet maize hybrids.

Today, sweet corn is considered an important vegetable due to its high sugar content and low starch content. Cluster analysis and variance analysis showed that hybrids had variations in yield indices. GB, DE and GS hybrids had similar performance on indices. SE hybrid that has significant performance on zeaxanthin. Biplot showed that fructose, glucose, sucrose and potassium had stability value on hybrids. All the hybrids had the best performance on fructose, glucose, sucrose and potassium factors. Factor biplot positively correlated with yield indices, including calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, α-Carotene, 9Z-ß-Carotene, phosphorus, and ß-carotene. On the other hand, there is a positive correlation with fructose, glucose, potassium, lutein, sucrose, ß-Cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin. So, to evaluate or increase lutein and zeaxanthin, the other parameters like sugar content (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) are important factors and have an effect together. Factor analysis and biplot showed that ME hybrid had a maximum performance on the first factor of yield indices. Also, the second factor of yield indices had a maxi-mum effect on NO hybrids. SE hybrids had maximum performance in zeaxanthin and GS hybrid had maximum performance in zinc, phosphorus, and iron. The dry matter had stability on DB hybrid.

Association study of BMP4, IL6, Leptin, MMP3, and MTNR1B gene promoter polymorphisms and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

STUDY DESIGN: a genetic association study was performed on 126 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 197 healthy controls from independent Hungarian pedigrees. OBJECTIVE: to reveal implication of promoter polymorphisms of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), interleukin-6 (IL6), leptin, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3), melatonin 1B receptor (MTNR1B) genes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Combinatorial association of these candidate genes was also studied to detect additive effect of certain single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) patterns. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: it was previously unraveled that IL6, MMP3, and MTNR1B genes could be considered as predisposition genes of AIS. Since BMP4 and leptin play a central role in bone formation and remodeling and are in direct interaction with melatonin, IL6, and MMP3, these also can be potential predisposition genes. METHODS: the genotyping was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: at a single gene level, no significant differences were found for allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphisms of these genes between cases or controls; therefore, the formerly detected association of IL6, MMP3, and MTNR1B with AIS was not confirmed in the Hungarian population by independent SNP analysis. However, significantly increased AIS risk was observed at particular combinations of genotypes of paired SNPs of the candidate genes. CONCLUSIONS: the genetic effect of promoter polymorphisms of BMP4, IL6, leptin, MMP3, and MTNR1B can be synergistic for susceptibility to AIS. The combinatorial effect can modulate the final biological impact of many susceptibility polymorphisms; therefore, this should be considered at the comparison of results from case-control studies of different populations.

[Place of ipriflavone in the therapy of osteoporosis]. / Az ipriflavon helye az osteoporosis terápiájában.

In Hungary ipriflavone has been marketed under the name Osteochin. After a short summary of the clinically proven results the article tries to position ipriflavone among antiosteoporotic drugs. Not only on the basis of preclinical results the article shows that Osteochin--as a non hormonal agent--can be given to those patients who can not receive hormone replacement therapy, there are grounds for giving combination of ipriflavone and a low dose estrogen. Ipriflavone's advantages are that it decreases acute and chronic back pain due to osteoporosis, it is rapidly metabolized and is quickly eliminated therefore it can not cause any long acting side effects, patients' compliance is good. Ipriflavone, the original Hungarian compound is an alternative possibility in the treatment of osteoporosis.

[Enzyme histochemical properties of Golgi II type neurons in the horn of Ammon of the white rat]. / A golgi II-típusú neuronok enzimhisztokémiai sajátságai fehérpatkány ammon-szarvában

Neurons of Golgi II type of the Ammon's horn of white rat enzymhistochemically can be studied most successfully in the hilus of area dentata near to the stratum granulosum (basket cells). Activity of SDH, MDH (NAD), CYO- and alfa-GPDH (NAD) in the pericaryon is low, of the LDH moderate and the activity of G6PDH, NADPH-diaphorese, acid phosphatase, TPP-ase and non-specific esterase expressed. Reaction of the alkalic phosphatase is negative. In addition to these reactions nucleic acids were also demonstrated using fluorescent technique. All these data were compared to those in other neurons of the Ammon's horn.