ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major worldwide public health problem and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. AIM: To assess CKD prevalence in urban Primary Care Services (PCS) of Concepcion, Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical records of 27.894 adults aged 55 ± 18 years (66% females), consulting in outpatient clinics and in whom serum creatinine was measured, with or without assessment of urine albumin levels, were reviewed. The glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)-4 equation. CKD was defined as an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and classified according to the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NFK-KDOQI) guidelines. RESULTS: Mean eGFR was 77.1 ± 16.3 ml/min/1.73 m2. Twelve percent of subjects had CKD (women, 14.5% and men 7,4%, p < 0,05). The prevalence of stages 3, 4 and 5 of CKD were 11.6, 0.3 and 0.2 % respectively. eGFR was negatively correlated with age ( r = -0,54, p < 0,05). Among patients with an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, 96.3% had eGFR 30-59, 2.3% 15-29 and 1.4 % < of 15. Seventy nine percent were women. 75.1% were aged 65 years or more, 26.8% had a serum creatinine equal or less than 1.0 mg/dL and 40.5% had microalbuminuria. Only 1% of outpatients ascribed to Cardiovascular or Diabetes Programs had the diagnosis of CKD registered. Independent risk predictors of CKD were age > 60 years, female sex and microalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a high prevalence of CKD in ambulatory patients, mainly among women and older people. The low level of diagnosis of CKD in cardiovascular and diabetes programs is of concern.
Subject(s)
Kidney Diseases/epidemiology , Urban Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chile/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Creatinine/urine , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reference Values , Sex Distribution , Young AdultABSTRACT
El terremoto/tsunami grado 8,8 en la escala de Richter que afectó a nuestro país el 27 de febrero/2010, junto con provocar la pérdida de vidas humanas y cuantiosos daños materiales, dejó en evidencia la escasa preparación de la red de salud para enfrentar esta emergencia y especialmente lo relacionado con la terapia de diálisis. De los 1644 pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica en la Región del Bíobío, se registraron seis fallecidos (0,36 por ciento) en el período post catástrofe inmediato. Hubo pocos casos de rabdomiolisis por aplastamiento con insuficiencia renal aguda, y ninguno requirió apoyode diálisis. En el programa de peritoneo diálisis crónica ambulatoria no se reportaron casos de pacientes fallecidos. El presente informe reporta la situación de la terapia de diálisis y sus dificultades durante la catástrofe en la región, las acciones que contribuyeron a su rápida normalización y nuestras propuestas para elaborar en Chile un plan de diálisis en emergencias.
The 8.8ª Richter´s scale earthquake/tsunami which took placein Chile in February 27th, 2010, together with the loss of human lives and a large list of damaged materials, left evidence on the scarce preparation in the health public system to face this emergency and, especially, all which is related to hemodialysis therapy. Considering the 1644 patients in chronic dialysis in Bío-Bío Region, it was registered six deceases (0.36 percent) in the immediate post-catastrophe period. There were few cases of rhabdomyolysis, due to the flattening with acute renal deficiency and none of them required dialysis support. In the ambulatory chronic peritoneum dialysis program, deceases were not reported. The present report informs the situation of the dialysis therapy and its difficulties during the catastrophe in the region, the actions that contributed to its fast normalization and the proposals to make an emergency dialysis program in Chile.
