ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite controversy and increasing use of enteral nutrition (EN) among elderly people, descriptive population-based data are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological data of nursing home residents (NHRs) who received EN in a northeast area of Italy. METHODS: All NHRs referred to our Nutrition Service for EN between 2001 and 2005 were enrolled. Data collected at EN initiation included age, gender, underlying disease, Karnofsky index, type of enteral access device, presence of pressure ulcers, weight, body mass index, and daily enteral intake. The outcomes considered were patient survival and duration of therapy. RESULTS: The 482 NHRs (130 males; 352 females) received EN. The mean incidence (cases/million population/year) and prevalence (cases/million population) were 223.4 and 279.4, respectively. An average of 6.6% of all NHRs were tube fed. EN was prescribed for the following conditions: 27.7% cerebrovascular accident, 54.6% neurodegenerative disease, 2.7% head and neck cancer, 1.2% abdominal cancer, 1.3% head trauma, 4.8% congenital disease, 7.7% other. Almost all patients had a Karnofsky index Subject(s)
Enteral Nutrition/statistics & numerical data
, Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data
, Adult
, Age Distribution
, Aged
, Aged, 80 and over
, Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology
, Cerebrovascular Disorders/therapy
, Enteral Nutrition/methods
, Female
, Humans
, Incidence
, Italy/epidemiology
, Long-Term Care/statistics & numerical data
, Male
, Middle Aged
, Neurodegenerative Diseases/epidemiology
, Neurodegenerative Diseases/therapy
, Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology
, Prevalence
, Survival Analysis
ABSTRACT
To explore the relationship between variation in AGT M235T gene and the development of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its sequelae, in the present study we evaluated AGT polymorphism M235T in women with PCOS and in a control group. Moreover, to detect any relationship between AGT M235T variation and intermediate and quantitative traits relevant to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and PCOS, we looked for genotype-dependent differences within the subjects with PCOS.
Subject(s)
Angiotensinogen/genetics , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amino Acid Substitution/genetics , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Genotype , Humans , Methionine/genetics , Middle Aged , Threonine/geneticsABSTRACT
Hirsutism affects 10% of women. Hirsute women with normal circulating androgen levels and normal ovarian function (i.e., regular and ovulatory menstrual cycles) are defined as having idiopathic hirsutism, which may affect more than 20% of all hirsute women. In the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism, different medical therapies, alone or in combination, have been reported. The drugs currently available are oral contraceptives, cyproterone acetate androgen receptors blockers (i.e., spironolactone and flutamide), 5alpha-reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride [Proscar, Aventis]) and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs. After 1 year of treatment, each drug may improve hirsutism and reduce the Ferriman-Gallwey score by 35-40%. This review analyses the causes of hirsutism and provides information on each therapy and the cost-effective results in patients with idiopathic hirsutism.
