People's Response to Potential Natural Hazard-Triggered Technological Threats after a Sudden-Onset Earthquake in Indonesia.

(1) Background: We aim to examine whether people activate initial protection behavior, adopt evacuation behavior, worry about the possibility of a tsunami, and consider natural hazard-triggered technological (Natech) situations in a sudden-onset earthquake. The literature suggests that risk perception is a significant predictor of people's response to potential Natech threats. We aim to empirically verify the variables relating to people's responses. (2) Methods: We conducted a household survey following a January 2018 earthquake in Indonesia. (3) Results: Immediately after the earthquake, almost 30% of the respondents assembled at the evacuation point. However, sequential steps of people's response were not observed: evacuation immediately after the earthquake was due to worry about the possibility of a tsunami, but this worry was not related to Natech damage estimation. The relevant factors for evacuation behavior were information access, worry about the possibility of a tsunami, and knowledge of groups and programs related to disaster risk reduction (DRR). The survey location (two villages), perceived earthquake risk, and DRR activity participation are less relevant to the behavior of assembling at the evacuation point. (4) Conclusions: Contrary to the existing literature, our results do not support that higher risk perception is associated with evacuation behavior, or that immediate evacuation is related to foreseeing cascading sequential consequences.

Bis(phosphinimino)methanide rare earth amides: synthesis, structure, and catalysis of hydroamination/cyclization, hydrosilylation, and sequential hydroamination/hydrosilylation.

A series of yttrium and lanthanide amido complexes [Ln{N(SiHMe(2))2}2{CH(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))2}] (Ln=Y, La, Sm, Ho, Lu) were synthesized by three different pathways. The title compounds can be obtained either from [Ln{N(SiHMe(2))2}3(thf)2] and [CH(2)(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))2] or from KN(SiHMe(2))2 and [Ln{CH(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))2}Cl(2)]2, while in a third approach the lanthanum compound was synthesized in a one-pot reaction starting from K{CH(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))2}, LaCl3, and KN(SiHMe(2))2. All the complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The new complexes, [Ln{N(SiHMe(2))2}2{CH(PPh(2)NSiMe(3))2}], were used as catalysts for hydroamination/cyclization and hydrosilylation reactions. A clear dependence of the reaction rate on the ionic radius of the center metal was observed, showing the lanthanum compound to be the most active one in both reactions. Furthermore, a combination of both reactions--a sequential hydroamination/hydrosilylation reaction--was also investigated.

A bis(phosphinimino)methanide lanthanum amide as catalyst for the hydroamination/cyclisation, hydrosilylation and sequential hydroamination/hydrosilylation catalysis.

[La[N(SiHMe2)2]2[CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2]], which was obtained via an amine elimination starting from [CH2(PPh2NSiMe3)2] and [La[N(SiHMe2)2]3(THF)2], was used as catalyst for the hydroamination/cyclisation, the hydrosilylation and the sequential hydroamination/hydrosilylation reaction.

A samarium cyclooctatetraene complex as catalyst for hydroamination/cyclisation catalysis.

The cyclooctatetraene-bis(phosphinimino)methanide complex [[CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2]Sm(eta8-C8H8)] has been prepared; although this compound has no alkyl or amide ligand it shows moderate activity as a catalyst for the hydroamination/cyclisation reaction.

A pentanuclear yttrium hydroxo cluster as an oxidation catalyst. Catalytic oxidation of aldehydes in the presence of air.

The air- and moisture-stable pentanuclear yttrium cluster H(5)[Y(5)(mu(4)-O)(mu(3)-O)(4)(mu-eta](2)-Ph(2)acac)(4)(eta](2)-Ph(2)acac)(6)](Ph(2)acac = dibenzoylmethanide) has been used as a homogeneous catalyst for the oxidation of aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids in the presence of air.