[The lymph and blood microcirculatory beds of the pancreas in the early period of experimental acute pancreatitis]. / Limfo- i gemomikrotsirkuliatornye rusla podzheludochnoi zhelezy v rannie sroki ostrogo éksperimental'nogo pankreatita.

Results of the study evidence that in the early period of acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP)--from 10 minutes to 2 hours--changes in acino-capillary complex consist in compensatory-adaptive reaction and are related to metabolic disorders. Abortive interstitial oedema disappears in 20-30-minutes, dilated lymphatic vessels being visible macroscopically. Further progress of oedema with consequent focal haemorrhagic pancreonecrosis is possible in case of insufficient lymphatic drainage. The latter may be due both to destruction of lymphatic endotheliocytes and barrage of lymphatic ways with agglutinates. This indicates primacy of enzymatic alteration of pancreatocytes and secondary nature of vascular changes as well as necessity of early intensive care aimed at correction of lympho- and haemocirculation.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of malignant thyroid gland tumors in children from various regions of the Ukraine, who have been victims of of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident]. / Morfofunktsional'naia kharakteristika zlokachestvennykh opukholei shchitovidnoi zhelezy detei razlichnykh raionov Ukrainy, postradavshikh v rezultate avarii na Chernobylskoi AES.

Thyroid cancers in children from the affected areas of Ukraine were investigated by means of light (33 cases) and electron (20 cases) microscopy. Statistical data from 25 regions of Ukraine have been analyzed concerning thyroid cancer in patients aged up to 18 years for the period 1981-1990. There is an increase in the number of thyroid cancers in the children of Ukraine from 0.04-0.06 cases in the "pre-chernobyl" period to 0.23 cases per 10(5) children's population in 1990. In the children operated in the Clinic of the Institute of Endocrinology in 1990-1991, severe forms of thyroid lesions with metastases to the lymph nodes were noted. Histopathological studies show prevalence of different variants of papillary cancer with presence of follicular, solid, poorly differentiated areas. Ultrastructural analysis revealed polymorphism of tumour cells, various degrees of their differentiation and functional specialization that point to a mixed multicomponent nature of carcinomas.

[Cytomorphology of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland in children]. / Tsitomorfologiia papilliarnykh kartsinom shchitovidnoi zhelezy u detei.

Of 632 thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNA) performed by the authors throughout 1990-1992, 24 cases were cytologically diagnosed as neoplastic. Cases under study were papillary carcinomas in 5-16 year olds; 21 correctly diagnosed at FNA, two false negative and one suspected. Three-dimensional tissue fragments, follicular cells with dense cytoplasm, well defined cell margins, eccentric large clear nuclei, dusty chromatin were among the most consistent features observed. High cellularity, papillary clusters, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, were found in half (54.17%) of the cases only.

[Study of the morphofunctional properties of cultured thyrocytes of newborn piglets with the purpose of determining the feasibility of their use for compensation of thyroid gland hypofunction]. / Izuchenie morfofunktsional'nykh svoistv kul'tiviruemykh tirotsitov novorozhdennykh porosiat s tsel'iu opredelniia vozmozhnosti ikh primeneniia dlia kompensatsii gipofunktsii shchitovidnoi zelezy.

The method for cultivation has been developed and morphofunctional characteristics of the newborn piglet thyrocytes studied in order to elucidate the possibility of using these cells for the compensation of the thyroid gland hypofunctioning. The results evidence viability of the cultivated thyrocytes and intactness of their thyroxine-secreting activity within 14 days. Addition of thyrotropin to the medium resulted in the accrement in the population of the active hormone-producing and follicle-producing cells, in reduction of the number of degenerating and pyknotic forms, in stimulation of thyroxine secretion, incorporation of 3H-leucin in thyrocyte protein, and in absorption and organification of 131I by these cells, this being the specific function of this gland, providing the adequate synthesis of thyroid hormones. The resultant thyrocyte culture may be used in clinical transplantology for the treatment of hypofunctional states of the thyroid.

[Ultrastructural changes in the adenohypophysis-thyroid system in chronic poisoning by the herbicide linuron]. / Ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia v adenogipofizarno-tireoidnoi sisteme pri khronicheskom otravlenii gerbitsidom linuronom.

Ultrastructural adenohypophysis-thyroid system investigation of Wistar male rats under conditions of chronic poisoning by Linuron herbicide and administration of thymohemin immunomodulator was performed. The release of thyrocyte fragments into the vascular lumen, electron-dense deposits in the area of vascular basal membrane, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum cisternae as well as inhibition of Golgi complex in thyrocytes are observed in the thyroid exposed to Linuron; in the adenohypophysis under the same conditions swelling and splitting of microvessel basal membrane as well as the increase of biosynthetic and secretory thyrotrophic function can be seen. Thymohemin reduces the degree of degenerative processes in the thyroid gland.

[The endocrine hypothalamus]. / Endokrinnyi gipotalamus.

Existing data on the peptide hormones in connection with the hypothalamus topography, close interrelationship in the vegetative brain centre of a number of specialized neuronal nuclei with unknown hormonal activity give an example of a highly developed system of the homeostatic function regulation. The author's concept of the neurosecretion mechanism is presented.

[Morphogenetic patterns of isolated infundibular stenosis of the pulmonary artery]. / Nekotorye morfogeneticheskie zakonomernosti izolirovannogo infundibulirnogo stenoza legochnoi arterii.

It was found that in isolated infundibular stenosis of the pulmonary artery a mass of muscle-fibrous tissue creates an obstacle to blood flow in the right ventricle. Morphogenetic regularities of compensatory and adaptive reactions in isolated infundibular stenosis are similar to those observed in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It may be suggested that abnormalities in the structure of the hypertrophied myocardium in isolated stenosis of the right ventricle infundibulum is a result of a fundamental error in the cardiac morphogenesis and not a reflection of increase of the degree of cardiac hypertrophy.

[Ultrastructure of a sciatic nerve allograft preserved at an ultralow temperature]. / Ul'trastruktura allotransplantata sedalishchnogo nerva, konservirovannogo pri ul'tranizkoi temperature.

In the experiment, performed on dogs ultrastructure of the ischiatic nerve allograft, preserved in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees) has been studied. In 7 days after the operation in the transplanted piece of the nerve trunk certain phenomena, similar to the Wallerian degeneration are noted, while viability of neurilemma cells is preserved. Processes of second degeneration are mainly completed by the end of the first month after the operation. During this time active regeneration of nervous fibers is noted; it is accompanied with neutralization of the graft. The latter is mostly expressed in 6 months after the operation. The dynamics studied on ultramicroscopic rearrangements of the cryopreserved graft proves the previously obtained data on possibility of its use in clinics for substitution of defects in peripheral nerves.

[Morphogenetic problems of dilated cardiomyopathy]. / Nekotorye voprosy morfogeneza dilatatsionnyi kardiomiopatii.

A comprehensive histochemical, histoenzymatic, morphometric and ultrastructural evaluation of 27 autopsy and 22 biopsy specimens of the right ventricular endomyocardium, aimed at the study of dilatation cardiomyopathy, revealed alteration, compensatory and adaptation response in the cardiac muscle. The processes were recorded light-optically and ultrastructurally. Discussed are the mechanisms of the disease morphogenesis and ways of relevant therapeutic correction.

[Submicroscopic restructurings in the glomerular portion of the rat nephron in streptozotocin diabetes and their possible drug correction]. / Submikroskopicheskie perestroiki v klubochkovom otdele nefrona krys pri streptozototsinovom diabete i vozmozhnost' ikh medikamentoznoi korrektsii.

Experiments on Wistar male rats have shown that in 2 weeks the administration of streptozotocin results in an increase in relative kidney mass by 23%, the development of submicroscopic rearrangements indicating the hypertrophy of the main glomerular components and the acceleration of ultrafiltration. In one month a sharp widening of the lumens of capillaries and intersubosseous spaces, inflammatory symptoms, and signs of primary urine congestion are noted in parallel with hypertrophic changes. The relative kidney mass increases by 73.5% (p less than 0.01). The use of the aldose reductase blocker isodibut prevents, to a great extent, the development of ultrastructural changes in a glomerulus detected one month after administration of streptozotocin, improves ultrafiltration and inhibits a sharp increase in kidney mass, i. e. it prevents disorder of renal excretory function at the initial stages of experimental diabetes.

[Interaction of the ultrastructures of the central osmoregulation system in the mechanism of axoplasmic flow and transport]. / Vzaimodeistvie ul'trastruktur tsentral'noi sistemy osmoreguliatsii v mekhanizmakh aksoplazmaticheskogo toka i transporta.

An ultrastructural model of axoplasmatic current and transport is proposed based on the principle of countercurrent multiplier system of functioning. Dynamics of histophysiological processes connected with changes in the membrane permeability, transmembrane transport, metabolic pathways and removal of neurosecretion permits following this principle and substantiating morphological ideas of interaction of the neurosecretory system components in the capillary-macroglia-secreting neuron triad.