Correction to: Advanced Robotic Therapy Integrated Centers (ARTIC): an international collaboration facilitating the application of rehabilitation technologies.

The original article [1] contains a small mistake concerning the ARTIC Team members mentioned in the Acknowledgements. The team member, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò had their name presented incorrectly. This has now been corrected in the original article.

Full-wave simulation of optical waveguides via truncation in the method of moments using PML absorbing boundary conditions.

Full-wave simulations of optical waveguides are often intractable due to their large electrical size. Naively focussing on a smaller part of the waveguide, e.g. to study coupling, offers no solution given the non-negligible interaction with the remaining parts of the structure. Thereto, in this paper, the coordinate stretching formulation of a perfectly matched layer is integrated into a method of moments based boundary integral equation solver in order to damp the interaction between multiple parts, allowing to focus on the part of interest. The new technique is validated using the classical example of scattering by a wedge. By truncation of the simulation domain to merely ten wavelengths from the tip, the advocated method is found to be both efficient and accurate compared to a traditional, analytical solution technique. Next, the method is applied to model a silicon polarization beam splitter excited by a Gaussian beam.

Efficient uncertainty quantification of large two-dimensional optical systems with a parallelized stochastic Galerkin method.

It is well-known that geometrical variations due to manufacturing tolerances can degrade the performance of optical devices. In recent literature, polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) methods were proposed to model this statistical behavior. Nonetheless, traditional PCE solvers require a lot of memory and their computational complexity leads to prohibitively long simulation times, making these methods non-tractable for large optical systems. The uncertainty quantification (UQ) of various types of large, two-dimensional lens systems is presented in this paper, leveraging a novel parallelized Multilevel Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) based Stochastic Galerkin Method (SGM). It is demonstrated that this technique can handle large optical structures in reasonable time, e.g., a stochastic lens system with more than 10 million unknowns was solved in less than an hour by using 3 compute nodes. The SGM, which is an intrusive PCE method, guarantees the accuracy of the method. By conjunction with MLFMM, usage of a preconditioner and by constructing and implementing a parallelized algorithm, a high efficiency is achieved. This is demonstrated with parallel scalability graphs. The novel approach is illustrated for different types of lens system and numerical results are validated against a collocation method, which relies on reusing a traditional deterministic solver. The last example concerns a Cassegrain system with five random variables, for which a speed-up of more than 12× compared to a collocation method is achieved.

Computation of the diffraction from complex illumination sources in extended regions of space.

In this paper, a two-dimensional high-frequency formalism is presented which describes the diffraction of arbitrary wavefronts incident on edges of an otherwise smooth surface. The diffracted field in all points of a predefined region of interest is expressed in terms of the generalized Huygens representation of the incident field and a limited set of translation coefficients that take into account the arbitrary nature of the incident wavefront and its diffraction. The method is based on the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) and can therefore be utilized for every canonical problem for which the UTD diffraction coefficient is known. Moreover, the proposed technique is easy to implement as only standard Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) routines are required. The technique's validity is confirmed both theoretically and numerically. It is shown that for fields emitted by a discrete line source and diffracted by a perfectly conducting wedge, the method is in excellent agreement with the analytic solution over the entire simulation domain, including regions near shadow and reflection boundaries. As an application example, the diffraction in the presence of a perfectly conducting wedge illuminated by a complex light source is analyzed, demonstrating the appositeness of the method.

Changes on diffusion-weighted MRI with focal motor status epilepticus: case report.

Transient imaging abnormalities, including changes on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), may be seen in focal status epilepticus. The changes on DWI provide am insight into the pathophysiology. We report a 53-year-old man with focal motor status epilepticus involving the left hand, arm and face with focal slowing on EEG. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were higher in the affected hemisphere than on the other side. At 10 days and 6 weeks after the end of the seizures, we saw normal ADCs and atrophy of the affected hemisphere. We conclude that the MRI findings indicate both cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema during seizure activity and subsequent loss of brain parenchyma.