ABSTRACT
The work conditions appeared to be unfavorable in modern production of dispersed nitro dyes, having up-to-date technologic equipment and automated control systems. The main occupational hazards are semiproducts (nitroaniline derivatives containing chlorine, bromine and cyanides) used as diazo components in dyes synthesis, dispersers based on sodium lignosulfonate, outlet forms of dispersed nitro dyes. Medical examination of the workers exposed to combination of chemicals amounting several times over the MACs proved frequent diseases of upper respiratory tract and cardiovascular system, functional disorders of liver and CNS, propensity for allergic conditions. Specific effects of dispersed nitro dyes and semiproducts of their synthesis on the red blood were methemoglobin formation, suppressed antioxidant activity of RBC (lower serum level of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid) and stimulated erythropoiesis in bone marrow (increased serum Hb and RBC count, reticulocytosis). The studies helped to elaborate well-justified complex of sanitary, hygienic, therapeutic and prophylactic measures to better the work conditions and prevent the occupational diseases among the workers.
Subject(s)
Azo Compounds/adverse effects , Chemical Industry , Coloring Agents/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Occupational Health , Azo Compounds/chemical synthesis , Azo Compounds/standards , Coloring Agents/chemical synthesis , Coloring Agents/standards , Female , Humans , Male , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Occupational Diseases/prevention & controlSubject(s)
Coloring Agents/toxicity , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Nitrogen/toxicity , Oxygenases/drug effects , Animals , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/analysis , Cytochromes b5/analysis , Male , Microsomes, Liver/chemistry , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Mutagenic activity of inhaled dispersed orange 2K nitrodye (DON 2K) and Reax' disperser was evaluated. Chronically inhaled DON 2K (with disperser) in concentration 28.6 mg/m3 is a genetic danger for an individual and population, being also a selective by injurious++ to the red blood cells. Chronically inhaled Reax' disperser (25.7 and 5.8 mg/m3) shows low mutagenic activity in somatic tissue. Thus, the mutagenic effect of DON 2K with disperser (composition is constant) is explained by nitrodye and not a disperser.
Subject(s)
Azo Compounds/toxicity , Bone Marrow/ultrastructure , Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Coloring Agents/toxicity , Lignin/analogs & derivatives , Models, Genetic , Mutagens/toxicity , Mutation/drug effects , Spermatozoa/ultrastructure , Administration, Inhalation , Animals , Azo Compounds/administration & dosage , Coloring Agents/administration & dosage , Lignin/administration & dosage , Lignin/toxicity , Male , Mutagens/administration & dosage , Mutation/genetics , RatsABSTRACT
The article contains a morphofunctional evaluation of spermatogenic epithelium state in rats after chronic inhalation of Orange-25 disperse azo dye. The result of the study revealed gonadotoxic effects at both concentration levels 28.5 mg/m3 and 5.6 mg/m3, which manifested themselves through violations in the spermatozoa functional states and changes in the seminiferous epithelium morphometric indices. Judging from the affection of the blood, the concentration 28.5 mg/m3 can be considered toxic, and 5.6 mg/m3 can be regarded liminal. Thus, the gonadotoxic effect was a secondary one, as in male rats in both groups, a hemotoxic effect was revealed at toxic and liminal dosage concentrations.
