[Blood lipid levels in various forms of ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie lipidov krovi pri razlichnykh formakh ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Enzyme assays of major blood lipid parameters detected no differences between peripheral venous blood specimens of normal subjects and functional cardiologic patients, nor between peripheral and central flow specimens of patients with neurocirculatory dystonia. Alpha cholesterol was typically decreased in all types of coronary disease, the decrease being particularly marked in central cardiac flow. Chronic coronary disease is associated with a rise of total cholesterol, its atherogenic fractions, the atherogenic coefficient and blood triglycerides, as compared to the respective parameters of functional cardiac patients. Acute and subacute coronary disease is associated with decreased blood lipid values, as compared to chronic coronary disease. Blood lipid phenotyping and secondary preventive procedures should rather be done in the absence of aggravations.

[Clinico-instrumental parallels in ischemic heart disease]. / Kliniko-instrumental'nye paralleli pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Correlations between coronary angiographic findings and the results of some noninvasive functional tests (electro- and echocardiography, bicycle ergometry, etc.) were examined in 50 patients. A relationship was established between the quantity of essentially (over 50% of the lumen) stenosed major coronary arteries and stress tolerance or the double product.

[Pressure in the jugular vein and right atrium and the cerebral hemodynamics of the healthy human being exposed to postural effects]. / Davlenie v iaremnoi vene, pravom predserdii i tserebral'naia gemodinamika zdorovogo cheloveka pri postural'nykh vozdeistviiakh.

Ten test subjects were catheterized and exposed to head-up and head-down tilts at 10, 30 and 75% for 5 min each to measure blood pressure in the upper bulb of the internal jugular vein and right atrium. Blood acid-base equilibrium, hemoglobin content and oxygen saturation were also determined. In the head-up position at 75 degrees the jugular pressure decreased, remaining positive (2.8 mm Hg) in most cases, whereas the atrial pressure fell down to reach the subatmospheric level. In the hea-down position the jugular pressure increased in proportion to the tilt angle, amounting to 32,2 mm Hg at 75 degrees; the atrial pressure changed in a different fashion: in 7 cases it increased and in 3 cases decreased. Throughout the test the oxygen arteriovenous difference in the brain and the acid-base equilibrium in the outflowing blood remained essentially unchanged. This reflects autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow and its adequacy to metabolic requirements.

[Effect of short-term antiorthostatic hypokinesia on the pressure in various parts of the healthy human cardiovascular system]. / Vliianie kratkovremennoi antiortostaticheskoi gipokinezii na davlenie v razlichnykh otdelakh serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy zdorovogo cheloveka.

Before and after 5-day head-down tilting (-4.5 degrees) blood pressure was measured in different cardiovascular compartments by the technique of selective catheterization: the upper bulb of the internal jugular vein, superior and inferior venae cavae, hepatic, renal and iliac veins, right atrium and right ventricle, coronary sinus, pulmonary and radial arteries. After exposure the pressure in extrathoracic vessels increased by 1.4 mm Hg on the average: in the internal jugular vein it rose by 1.7 mm Hg whereas in the iliac vein by 1.0 mm Hg. The blood pressure in the intrathoracic vessels of the systemic circulation increased, as a rule, by no more than 0.5--0.8 mm Hg. This elevation was characteristic of diastolic regions of the pressure curve (x- and y-collapse). The pressure in pulmonary vessels--pulmonary artery and left atrium--showed a trend for a decrease of 1.3 mm Hg. The factors that may be responsible for the dissimilar changes of pressure in different cardiovascular compartments under the influence of short-term simulated weightlessness are discussed.

[Effect of short-term antiorthostatic hypokinesia on the central and intracardiac hemodynamics and metabolism in a healthy human being]. / Vliianie kratkovremennoi antiortostaticheskoi gipokinezii na tsentral'nuiu i vnutriserdechnuiu gemodinamiku u metabolizm u zdorovogo cheloveka.

The right parts of the heart and the radial artery were catheterized in healthy male volunteers before and 5 days after strict bed rest in antiorthostatic position of the body (-4.5 degrees) After immobilization most values of central circulation showed no essential changes; the only exception were indices characterizing the inotropic myocardial condition. A shift in the direction of acidosis of a mixed character was noted in mixed venous blood, the beta-lipoprotein content increased. A decrease in the arteriovenous difference in oxygen was encountered in blood draining from the heart (from the coronary sinus).

[Indices of human blood acid-base equilibrium and enzymatic activity in short-term antiorthostatic hypokinesia]. / Pokazateli kislotno-shchelochnogo ravnovesiia i fermentativnoi aktivnosti krovi u cheloveka pri kratkovremennoi antiortostaticheskoi gipokinezii.

Before and after a 5 day head-down tilt of 4.5 degrees blood samples were withdrawn from different areas of the cardiovascular system of healthy male volunteers. Blood was sampled by means of selective catheterization. Parameters of acid-base equilibrium and activities of aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase were measured. After immobilization the most significant changes were observed in the blood outflowing from the brain in which significant metabolic acidosis and increased activity of aspartate aminotransferase occurred. A slight increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase was also observed in the blood outflowing from the liver and kidneys. It is concluded that brain is the organ which is subjected to short-term simulated weightlessness in the highest degree.

[Effect of hydrocortisone on some indices of cardiac activity and of the greater circulation in acquired heart defects]. / Vliianie gidrokortizona na nekotorye pokazateli serdechnoi deiatel'nosti i krovoobrashcheniia bol'shogo kruga u bol'nykh priobretennymi porokami serdtsa

The catheterization technique was used to study the effect of 100 mg of water soluble hydrocortisone "Russel" upon the cardiac activity and greater circulation in patients with acquired heart diseases. Hydrocortisone was found to produce different effects upon the cardiac output and tonicity of the greater circulation vessels--increases or decreases them, or does not change at all. The varying dynamics of these indices serves as a manifestation of the optimizing effect of hydrocortisone on the cardiovascular system, depends on the initial values of the parameters in question, and is directed towards normalizing the oxygen consumption in the body (its blood flow). No direct correlation was found between the cardiac output and the pressure in the ventricles in patients with acquired heart diseases prior to and following hydrocortisone administration.

[The relationship between the state of the pulmonary circulation and indices of cerebral gas exchange in patients with acquired heart defects]. / Pokazateli gazoobmena mozga u bol'nykh s priobretennymi porokami serdtsa v sviazi s sostoianiem legochnoi gemi

The author studied the state of hemeostasis in normals and in patients with acquired heart insufficiency. By means of bloody methods of triple probe samples of the blood inflow and outflow from the brain, and by biochemical methods they also studied 22 normals and 100 patients with acquired heart insufficiency for interrelations between the gas metabolism indices and acid-base equilibrium of the central pulmonary hemodynamics. As a results it was established that the brain blood flux in patients with acquired heart insufficiency in different degrees of pulmonary hypertension is adequate to the metabolic requirement of the brain in oxygen and corresponds to identical indices in normals. There was no relation between the state of pulmonary circulation and brain circulation.