CD1c(+) immature myeloid dendritic cells are predominant in cord blood of healthy neonates.

It has been suggested lately that some types of antigen presenting cells-myeloid dendritic (DC-1) cells can differentiate the immune response towards Th1 type immunity, whereas lymphoid cells (DC-2) can stimulate Th2 type immunity. It has been observed that neonates are deficient in Th1 response. The purpose of our study was to estimate the proportions of immature myeloid (CD1c(+)) and lymphoid (BDCA-2(+), BDCA-4(+)) dendritic cells and the CD1c(+):BDCA-2(+) cell ratio in cord blood of healthy neonates in comparison with dendritic cells of healthy adults. Thirty healthy neonates born from normal pregnancies and 30 healthy adults were included in the study. The dendritic cells were isolated from cord and peripheral blood, stained with anti-CD1c, anti-BDCA-2, anti-BDCA-4, anti-CD123 and anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies and estimated using flow cytometry. The percentage of CD1c(+) dendritic cells in cord blood of healthy newborns did not differ significantly when compared to those in peripheral blood of healthy adults. The percentages of cord blood BDCA-2(+) and BDCA-4(+) dendritic cells of neonates were significantly lower when compared to lymphoid dendritic cells in peripheral blood of adults. The CD1c(+):BDCA-2(+) ratio was significantly higher in cord blood of neonates in comparison with CD1c(+):BDCA-2(+) ratio in adult's blood. Myeloid and lymphoid dendritic cells may be involved in the immune regulation during fetal development. Immature myeloid dendritic cells are predominant in cord blood of healthy neonates. Immature lymphoid dendritic cells are not the major population of dendritic cells in cord blood.

[The usefulness of the intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry in anticipating the neonatal outcome]. / Zastosowanie sródporodowej pulsoksymetrii plodowej w przewidywaniu stanu urodzeniowego noworodka.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry in anticipating the neonatal outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The saturation of the fetal blood (SpO2) was measured during labor with non-invasive pulse oximeter designed for fetal application. The average, minimum and maximum SpO2 were evaluated separately for the first and the second stage of labor. The average SpO2 of the fetus was compared to neonatal condition assessed by umbilical vein pH, pO2 and pCO2 and according to Apgar score. RESULTS: Twenty patients have been monitored with fetal pulse oximetry. All those patients had normal vaginal delivery. During the first stage of labor, the average fetal SpO2 was 51.94 +/- 8.03%, the minimum SpO2 was 38.35 +/- 9.15%, and the maximum SpO2 was 63.35 +/- 7.75%; in the second stage of labor average fetal SpO2 was 43.82 +/- 7.16%, minimum SpO2 was 34.35 +/- 7.79% and the maximum SpO2 was 50.94 +/- 8.37%. A significant decrease in fetal average and maximum SpO2 occurred from stage I to stage II of labor (average SpO2: 51.94 +/- 8.03% vs. 43.82 +/- 7.16%, p = 0.0002; maximum SpO2: 63.35 +/- 7.75% vs. 50.94 +/- 8.37%, p < 0.00001). The significant correlation between the average SpO2 during the first stage of labor and umbilical vein pH (R = 0.60, p = 0.02) and pO2 (R = 0.54, p = 0.04) was found. No relationship between fetal SpO2 in the first and second stage of labor and Apgar score was observed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The second stage of labor results in significant decrease in fetal SpO2. 2. The fetal SpO2 > 30% in the first and second stage of labor is related to good neonatal outcome. 3. The fetal SpO2 assessment in first stage of labor seems to be important in newborn's acidosis and hypoxemia predicting.

[Ultrasonic diagnosis in the first trimester of multiple pregnancy]. / Diagnostyka ultrasonograficzna w I trymestrze ciazy mnogiej.

Higher rate of morbidity and mortality has been noted in tween pregnancies comparing to singleton pregnancies. Early ultrasound investigation between 6 and 12 week of gestation is useful in determining time of gestation, amniocity and chorionicity (adequacy of diagnosis ranged from 95 to 100%). Determining of chorionicity and amniocity is extremly important in monozygotic twins, because of high risk of complications during next stages of pregnancy. First trimester ultrasound investigation allows to define abnormalities commonly associated with twin pregnancy and is useful in monitoring of fetal well-being.

[Levels of lipid peroxidation products in blood serum and placental tissue of women with pregnancy induced hypertension]. / Zawartosc produktów nadtleniania lipidów u rodzacych z nadcisnieniem indukowanym ciaza.

The authors compared the concentrations of conjugated diens (CD), lipid hydroperoxides (HEPTE) and malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), in blood serum and placental tissue of 15 parturients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and 15 normotensive controls matched for gestational age. The CD and HEPTE were measured according to the Ward method, and the MDA level was quantified by means of the Ledwozyw method. In the placental homogenates of women with gestosis, levels of lipoperoxidation products were not significantly changed in comparison to the control group. In patients with PIH, the blood serum concentrations of CD, HEPTE and MDA exceeded the control values by 48.28%, 169.47% and 57.59%, respectively (p < 0.001). Lipid peroxidation seems to play an important role in pathogenesis of the pregnancy associated hypertensive disorders.

[Clinical assessment of utility of computerized system for cardiotocographic analysis in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension]. / Ocena kliniczna przydatnosci komputerowego systemu analizy zapisów kardiotokograficznych u pacjentek z nadcisnieniem indukowanym ciaza.

OBJECTIVES: Authors decided to study the utility of computerised system for cardiotocographic analysis within the patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 186 cardiotocograms (average time of registration--1 hour) were thoroughly analysed with special consideration of Dawes-Reedman's criteria. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group I (115 persons) in which cardiotocograms fulfilled Dawes-Reedman's criteria and group II (71 persons) in which cardiotocograms did not fulfil Dawes-Reedman's criteria. Members of each group were in a similar, medium stage of PIH (assessed by gestosis index) according to Klimek, had similar gestational age and gynaecological past. Cardiotocograms were analysed by Computerised System for Perinatal Superintendence AXIS-Sonicaid provided by OXFORD (Great Britain). RESULTS: Fetal heart rate (FHR) was significantly higher while number of contraction was significantly lower in group II which cardiotocograms did not fulfil Dawes-Reedman's criteria in comparison to group which fulfilled them. In group I which cardiotocograms fulfilled Dawes-Reedman's criteria the number of acceleration up to both 10 and 15 bpm were significantly higher. The number of high variability episodes was significantly higher in group I while number of low variability episodes was significantly higher in group II. Moreover, short term variability was significantly higher in group which cardiotocograms fulfilled Dawes-Reedman's criteria. However, there were no differences between patients in both groups, considering delivery and the state of newborns (assessed by Apgar in 5th minute after birth with similar birth mass and age). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion we state that computerised analysis of cardiotocograms plays a crucial role in decision about further treatment in final phase of pregnancy complicated by PIH.