ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) are linked to poor prognosis among emergency department (ED) patients. OBJECTIVE: Examine the effect of our ED risk assessment among patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated baseline hs-cTnT levels. DESIGN: Observational cohort study of 16776 ED patients with chest pain or dyspnoea and a hs-cTnT sample analyzed at the time of the ED visit. Of these 1480 patients were sent home with elevated hs-cTnT levels (>14 ng/L). METHODS: Analysis of clinical and laboratory data from the local hospital and data from the National Board of Health and Welfare. RESULTS: Admitted patients had 11% and discharged patients had 1.2% 90-day mortality indicating effective risk assessment of patients with suspected ACS. However, if the suspected ACS patient presented with hs-cTnT between 14 and 22 ng/L, the 90-day mortality was 4.1% among discharged and 6.7% among admitted patients. Among discharged patients, an hs-cTnT level above 14 ng/L was a higher independent risk factor for 90-day mortality (HR 3.3, 95% CI 2.9-3.7, p < 0.001) than if the patient was triaged as a high-risk patient (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-1.8, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our ED risk assessment was less effective among patients presenting with elevated hs-cTnT levels.
Subject(s)
Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis , Angina Pectoris/diagnosis , Decision Support Techniques , Emergency Service, Hospital , Patient Discharge , Triage , Troponin T/blood , Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood , Acute Coronary Syndrome/mortality , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Algorithms , Angina Pectoris/blood , Angina Pectoris/mortality , Angina Pectoris/therapy , Biomarkers/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Admission , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The implementation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assays and a cutoff based on the 99th cTnT percentile in the evaluation of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome has not been uniform due to uncertain effects on health benefits and utilization of limited resources. METHODS: Clinical and laboratory data from patients with chest pain or dyspnea at the emergency de¬partment (ED) were evaluated before (n = 20516) and after (n = 18485) the lowering of the hs-cTnT cutoff point from 40 ng/L to the 99th hs-cTnT percentile of 14 ng/L in February 2012. Myocardial infarction (MI) was diagnosed at the discretion of the attending clinicians responsible for the patient. RESULTS: Following lowering of the hs-cTnT cutoff point fewer ED patients with chest pain or dyspnea as the principal complaint were analyzed with an hs-cTnT sample (81% vs. 72%, p < 0.001). Overall 30-day mortality was unaffected but increased among patients not analyzed with an hs-cTnT sample (5.3% vs. 7.6%, p < 0.001). The MI frequency was unchanged (4.0% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.72) whereas admission rates decreased (51% vs. 45%, p < 0.001) as well as hospital costs. Coronary angiographies were used more frequently (2.8% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.004) but with no corresponding change in coronary interventions. CONCLUSIONS: At the participating hospital, lowering of the hs-cTnT cutoff point to the 99th percentile decreased admissions and hospital costs but did not result in any apparent prognostic or treatment benefits for the patients.
