ABSTRACT
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a systemic malignancy of pathologic plasma cells that is treatable with chemotherapeutic agents and irradiation, but rarely curable. The spectrum of neurological complications of MM is diverse; however, involvement of MM in the cerebrospinal fluid and leptomeningeal infiltration is considered rare. There have been many reviews of central nervous system complications in MM but there are none on intracranial and leptomeningeal infiltration of MM. We review this here along with our clinicopathological experience and a summary of our present knowledge of this condition.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Multiple Myeloma , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brain Neoplasms/therapy , Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology , Cytogenetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Meningeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Meningeal Neoplasms/therapy , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/epidemiology , Multiple Myeloma/therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Prevalence , Prognosis , Rare Diseases , Survival Rate , beta 2-Microglobulin/cerebrospinal fluidABSTRACT
Multiple myeloma [MM] is a systemic malignancy of pathologic plasma cells that is treatable with chemotherapeutic agents and irradiation, but rarely curable. The spectrum of neurological complications of MM is diverse; however, involvement of MM in the cerebrospinal fluid and leptomeningeal infiltration is considered rare. There have been many reviews of central nervous system complications in MM but there are none on intracranial and leptomeningeal infiltration of MM. We review this here along with our clinicopathological experience and a summary of our present knowledge of this condition
Subject(s)
Multiple Myeloma , Central Nervous System , Biopsy , Immunophenotyping , beta 2-MicroglobulinABSTRACT
The distribution of eight blood phenotypes (ABO, Rh, MNSs Lutheran, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Lewis) was determined in Saudi Arabs and compared with corresponding published information for Caucasians and Negroes of United States of America, Saudi Arabs manifest ABO phenotype distribution similar to Negroes; rhesus phenotypes similar to Caucasians but an MNSs pattern largely distinct. Heterozygous Kell phenotype, Kk, was much more frequent in Saudi Arabs than in either Caucasians, or Negroes. The Kidd system null allete, JKa-b- was not seen in the studied group. However, increased frequencies of null alleles of the Duff (Fya-b-) and Lewis (Le(a-b-)) systems were observed in Saudi Arabs.
Subject(s)
Arabs/genetics , Blood Group Antigens/genetics , Gene Frequency/genetics , ABO Blood-Group System/genetics , Black People/genetics , Duffy Blood-Group System/genetics , Genetic Testing , Heterozygote , Humans , Kell Blood-Group System/genetics , Kidd Blood-Group System/genetics , Lewis Blood Group Antigens/genetics , Lutheran Blood-Group System/genetics , MNSs Blood-Group System/genetics , Phenotype , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/genetics , Saudi Arabia , White People/geneticsABSTRACT
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ABSTRACT
To our knowledge, only a few epidemiological reports on the prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies in Saudi blood donors have been published. Men of several nationalities, donating blood at King Khalid National Guard Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) were selected (n = 593) for this study examining the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the local male donor population and testing the relationship of the antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) to donor characteristics using Odds Ratio (OR) and Chi-square statistic. The prevalence of anti-HEV in the group examined was 16.9 per cent (100/593). The seroprevalence for Saudi donors was 14.8 per cent compared with 33.3 per cent for non-Saudis of Middle Eastern origin. Donors who were 40 yr and over had significantly higher seroprevalence than those donors who were 30 yr or younger (OR = 2.5, p = 0.006). There was a significant association between anti-HEV and anti-HCV with donors who were positive to anti-HCV having about 5 times the risk of HEV than those who were anti-HCV negative (p = 0.02). These findings demonstrate the high seroprevalence rate of anti-HEV among male blood donors in Saudi Arabia.
