Terahertz profilometry at 600 GHz with 0.5 microm depth resolution.

Characterization of the topography of materials by interferometry in the visible or near-IR wavelength regime becomes difficult or impossible if the surface is rough on the length scale of a tenth of the wavelength and more. In this case, THz radiation can provide an interesting alternative. We demonstrate heterodyne profilometry at 600 GHz as a method for the accurate determination of surface topography with an achievable expanded standard uncertainty of 0.5 mum.