ABSTRACT
Background: To outline the current evidence on root morphological changes after enlarging the apical foramen with NiTi instruments. Material and Methods: A search was performed in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and SciELO databases, in addition to a manual search in Google Scholar, between January 2017 and October 2023. Articles published in English that describe in vitro studies investigating root morphological changes after instrumentation 1 mm beyond the major apical foramen were included. The quality of evidence in the included studies was also analyzed. Results: The search retrieved 367 articles. Of these, four studies were eligible for data synthesis and analysis, all of them in vitro studies. Synthesis of the results of these in vitro studies showed a larger number of root morphological changes such as experimental dentinal microcraks in samples submitted to instrumentation beyond the apical foramen when compared to micro-CT images obtained before preparation. Conclusions: The in vitro studies analyzed in this scoping review indicate that instrumentation beyond the major foramen of the root canal, promotes morphological changes in this area and that the adoption of standardized methodologies would not only increase the accurate detection and characterization of these changes but also facilitate the application of these findings in clinical trials and patient care. Key words:Endodontics, apical morphology, root canal preparation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in subjects with skeletal class II dentofacial deformity referred for orthognathic surgery, as well as to elucidate its association with sociodemographic and psychosocial features. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The sample comprised class II skeletal patients referred to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery center in the Brazilian Northeast. RESULTS: Seventy-three subjects were enrolled and completed the data collection, which consisted of a physical examination according to Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and facial analysis. Women represented 82.2% of the sample. Among the assessed subjects, 68.5% were already undergoing orthodontic treatment, and the mean overjet of patients was 6.97 mm. The prevalence of TMD in this sample was 46.6%, with muscular disorders being the most common. Patients with an anteroposterior discrepancy greater than 7 mm showed a higher occurrence of TMD (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of TMD in skeletal class II patients referred for orthognathic surgery, especially in those with a pronounced overjet, being Group I (muscular disorders) and Group III (degenerative disorders) the most prevalent.
