Epigenetic modification: A novel insight into diabetic wound healing.

Wound healing is an intricate and fine regulatory process. In diabetic patients, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), biofilm formation, persistent inflammation, and angiogenesis regression contribute to delayed wound healing. Epigenetics, the fast-moving science in the 21st century, has been up to date and associated with diabetic wound repair. In this review, we go over the functions of epigenetics in diabetic wound repair in retrospect, covering transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation. Among these, we found that histone modification is widely involved in inflammation and angiogenesis by affecting macrophages and endothelial cells. DNA methylation is involved in factors regulation in wound repair but also affects the differentiation phenotype of cells in hyperglycemia. In addition, noncodingRNA regulation and RNA modification in diabetic wound repair were also generalized. The future prospects for epigenetic applications are discussed in the end. In conclusion, the study suggests that epigenetics is an integral regulatory mechanism in diabetic wound healing.

High performance solar-blind UV detector with Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O double layer structure on MgO substrate.

Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O double layer structure UV detectors are made on single structure MgO substrate by PLD method, and the effect of different thickness top MgZnO layer on the UV response characteristics of the detector are studied. Compared with the single layer MgZnO detector that made by Mg0.3Zn0.7O target, the Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O double layer detector with 30 nm top layer, shows much higher deep UV response (21.3 A W-1at 265 nm), much smaller dark current(66.9 pA) and much higher signal-to-noise ratio (2.8 × 105) at 25 V bias voltage. And the device also shows relative high response (23.1 A W-1) at 235 nm deep UV light at 25 V bias voltage, which is mainly attributed by the bottom MgZnO layer with higher Mg composition. When the top layer is 66.7 nm thick, the response of the Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O detector reached 228.8 A W-1at 255 nm under 25 V bias voltage, the signal-to-noise ratio of which is 10573 under 20 V bias voltage, and the near UV response of the device is also big because of more h-MgZnO in top MgZnO layer. When the top layer reached 90.2 nm, there are much more h-MgZnO in the top MgZnO layer, the peak response of the Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O detector is just 6.65 A W-1at 320 nm under 25 V bias voltage, the signal-to-noise ratio of which is 1248. The high Mg composition bottom MgZnO decrease the dark current of the Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O detector, both the 2DEG effect of the double layer structure and the amplify effect of the mix-phase MgZnO top layer, increased theIuvand deep UV response of the Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O detector. Therefore, the double layer Mg0.472Zn0.528O/Mg0.447Zn0.553O detector is more sensitive at faint deep UV light compared with previous reported MgZnO detectors, and the MgxZn1-xO/MgyZn1-yO detector shows similarIuvand signal-noise-ratio at faint deep UV light as high-temperature fabricated AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN detectors.

Effects of the Oat Hay Feeding Method and Compound Probiotic Supplementation on the Growth, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Rumen Bacteria Community of Dairy Calves.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the oat hay feeding method and compound probiotics (CMP) on the growth, health, serum antioxidant and immune indicators, rumen fermentation, and bacteria community of dairy calves from 3 to 5 months of age. Forty-eight female Holstein calves (80 ± 7 days of age, 93.71 ± 5.33 kg BW) were selected and randomly divided into four groups. A 2 × 2 factorial design was adopted for the experiment, with the factors of the oat hay feeding method (fed as free-choice or 16.7% in the diet) and compound probiotics (CMP) inclusion (0.15% or 0%) in the pelleted starter. The results showed that, compared with giving oat hay as free-choice, feeding a diet of 16.7% oat hay increased the pelleted starter intake at 1-84 d (p < 0.05), with an average daily gain (ADG) at 61-84 d (p = 0.02); adding CMP to the pelleted starter did not significantly affect body weight, and reduced the fecal index (p < 0.05). Feeding 16.7% oat hay increased the concentration of IgA, IgG, and IgM (p < 0.01), while adding CMP increased the catalase (p < 0.01) and decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde (p < 0.01) in serum. Feeding 16.7% oat hay increased the ruminal concentration of propionic acid (p < 0.05) and isobutyric acid (p = 0.08), and decreased the ruminal pH (p = 0.08), the concentration of acetic acid (p < 0.05), and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid (p < 0.01). Feeding 16.7% oat hay reduced the relative abundance of ruminal Firmicutes, Unidentified-Bacteria, Actinobacteria, Prevotella, NK4A214-group, Olsenella, and Actinobacteriota (p < 0.05); adding CMP increased the relative abundance of ruminal Prevotella, Rikenellaceae-RC9-gut-group, Ruminococcus, NK4A214-group, and Ruminococcus (p < 0.05), and decreased the abundance of Desulfobacterora, Prevotella-7, and Erysipelotricaceae-UCG-002 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding a diet of 16.7% oat hay increased the pelleted starter intake and average daily gain, while slightly reducing the ruminal pH values; adding CMP to the pelleted starter resulted in reduced diarrhea incidence, increased serum antioxidant capacity and immunity, as well as ruminal richness and diversity of microorganisms in dairy calves from 3 to 5 months of age.

Breast-conserving surgery is an appropriate procedure for centrally located breast cancer: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The evidence of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) applied in centrally located breast cancer (CLBC) is absent. This study aims to investigate the long-term survival of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) in centrally located breast cancer (CLBC) compared with mastectomy in CLBC and BCT in non-CLBC. METHODS: Two hundred ten thousand four hundred nine women with unilateral T1-2 breast cancer undergoing BCT or mastectomy were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were assessed via log-rank test. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline features, and the multivariable Cox model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio [HR] and its 95% confidence interval [CI] for breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 91 months, the BCSS and OS rates in patients who received BCT were greater than those patients treated with mastectomy in the entire CLBC set. Multivariable Cox analyses showed that CLBC patients who received BCT had better BCSS (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.55-0.80, p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.68-0.90, p = 0.001) than patients who received a mastectomy, but there were no significant differences of BCSS (HR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.47-0.90, p = 0.009) and OS (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.65-1.04, p = 0.110) after PSM. In patients treated with BCT, CLBC patients had a similar BCSS (HR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.87-1.12, p = 0.850) but a worse OS (HR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.01-1.18, p = 0.040) compared to that of the non-CLBC patient, but there was no significant difference both BCSS (HR = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.88-1.24, p = 0.614) and OS (HR = 1.08, 95%CI: 0.97-1.20, p = 0.168) after PSM. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed that BCT should be an acceptable and preferable alternative to mastectomy for well-selected patients with CLBC.

Vedolizumab subcutaneous formulation maintenance therapy for patients with IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The application of vedolizumab (VDZ) subcutaneous (SC) formulation has brought more convenience and hope to patients with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in the coronavirus disease 2019 context. Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate all previous studies that used VDZ SC formulation for maintenance therapy in patients with IBD. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources and Methods: The search was conducted using the subject and free terms related to 'Vedolizumab', 'Subcutaneous', and 'IBD', in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and at ClinicalTrials.gov databases between 2008 and 2022. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, respectively. The endpoints included efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Results: A total of 60 studies and 2 completed clinical registry trials were retrieved, of which 3 RCTs with high methodological quality, and 3 cohort studies with large heterogeneity were included in the meta-analysis. In the RCT study design, patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) under different conditions after treated with VDZ SC were significantly distinct than those for placebo (PBO) in clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission. In Crohn's disease (CD), the aforementioned parameters were slightly higher than those for PBO, but there was not statistically significant in endoscopic remission and the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor-naive patients. The clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission in patients with UC after VDZ SC treatment were similar to those after intravenous (IV) treatment. The risk ratios in patients experiencing adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs after VDZ SC and PBO treatments were 86% and 89% in UC, and 96% and 80% in CD, respectively. Compared with IV, safety was not statistically different. The risk of developing anti-VDZ antibody after VDZ SC treatment was only 20% of that after PBO in patients with UC, but it was 9.38 times in CD. Conclusion: VDZ SC treatment maintained the clinical efficacy of IV induction in patients with IBD without increasing the safety risk, and the efficacy was more pronounced in patients with UC. Immunogenicity might be a potential factor for the decrease in efficacy rate in patients with IBD. Registration: INPLASY 2022120115.

Combining non-negative matrix factorization with graph Laplacian regularization for predicting drug-miRNA associations based on multi-source information fusion.

Increasing evidences suggest that miRNAs play a key role in the occurrence and progression of many complex human diseases. Therefore, targeting dysregulated miRNAs with small molecule drugs in the clinical has become a new treatment. Nevertheless, it is high cost and time-consuming for identifying miRNAs-targeted with drugs by biological experiments. Thus, more reliable computational method for identification associations of drugs with miRNAs urgently need to be developed. In this study, we proposed an efficient method, called GNMFDMA, to predict potential associations of drug with miRNA by combining graph Laplacian regularization with non-negative matrix factorization. We first calculated the overall similarity matrices of drugs and miRNAs according to the collected different biological information. Subsequently, the new drug-miRNA association adjacency matrix was reformulated based on the K nearest neighbor profiles so as to put right the false negative associations. Finally, graph Laplacian regularization collaborative non-negative matrix factorization was used to calculate the association scores of drugs with miRNAs. In the cross validation, GNMFDMA obtains AUC of 0.9193, which outperformed the existing methods. In addition, case studies on three common drugs (i.e., 5-Aza-CdR, 5-FU and Gemcitabine), 30, 31 and 34 of the top-50 associations inferred by GNMFDMA were verified. These results reveal that GNMFDMA is a reliable and efficient computational approach for identifying the potential drug-miRNA associations.

Advances in screen dependence disorder in preschool children / 国际儿科学杂志

The adverse effects of prolonged screen exposure on infants, children, and adolescents have been confirmed by a growing number of studies.Without early detection and intervention, these adverse effects may persist throughout a child′s growth and development.The period of preschool is a critical time for children′s neurological development and the adverse neurological damage caused by heavy screen exposure during this period should be taken seriously.This paper introduces the current situation of children′s electronic screen use in China and abroad, the definition of screen dependency disorders, focuses on the specific effects of prolonged screen dependency on the neurological development of preschool children and its possible mechanisms, and discusses early intervention measures with evidence-based medicine, aiming to provide a reference for the scientific use of electronic screens in preschool children.

Application of digital therapeutics in pediatric neurorehabilitation / 国际儿科学杂志

The booming development of modern digital technology, such as IOT(internet of things), big data, artificial intelligence, has given birth to the emerging industry of digital therapeutics(DTx).Compared with the limitations of traditional therapy, the preponderance of DTx makes it a new treatment strategy for neuropsychiatric disorders in children.The digital therapeutics alliance(DTA) defines DTx and sets out the core principles for DTx products.DTx has tremendous potential value for users, providers, payors and enterprises.DTx has extensive indications.At present, DTx is mainly suitable for rehabilitation of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), autism spectrum disorder(ASD), cognitive impairment, epilepsy and dysopia in the field of children′s neurorehabilitation.Enormous advantages and value are the primary internal factors for the emergence and rapid expansion of DTx, but the maturity of DTx will face many challenges.In coming days, it is believed that under the promotion of many external forces, the DTx industry will grasp the opportunities to win the challenges and provide a new driving force for the development of neurological rehabilitation of children.

Research advances on the mechanism of non-coding RNA regulated diabetic wound healing / 中华烧伤杂志

Diabetic wounds are a common complication of diabetic patients, and the incidence has been increasing in recent years. In addition, its poor clinical prognosis seriously affects the quality of life of patients, which has become the focus and difficulty of diabetes treatment. As the RNA regulating gene expression, non-coding RNA can regulate the pathophysiological process of diseases, and play an important role in the healing process of diabetic wounds. In this paper, we reviewed the regulatory role, diagnostic value, and therapeutic potential of three common non-coding RNA in diabetic wounds, in order to provide a new solution for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic wounds at the genetic and molecular level.

A weighted non-negative matrix factorization approach to predict potential associations between drug and disease.

BACKGROUND: Associations of drugs with diseases provide important information for expediting drug development. Due to the number of known drug-disease associations is still insufficient, and considering that inferring associations between them through traditional in vitro experiments is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, more accurate and reliable computational methods urgent need to be developed to predict potential associations of drugs with diseases. METHODS: In this study, we present the model called weighted graph regularized collaborative non-negative matrix factorization for drug-disease association prediction (WNMFDDA). More specifically, we first calculated the drug similarity and disease similarity based on the chemical structures of drugs and medical description information of diseases, respectively. Then, to extend the model to work for new drugs and diseases, weighted [Formula: see text] nearest neighbor was used as a preprocessing step to reconstruct the interaction score profiles of drugs with diseases. Finally, a graph regularized non-negative matrix factorization model was used to identify potential associations between drug and disease. RESULTS: During the cross-validation process, WNMFDDA achieved the AUC values of 0.939 and 0.952 on Fdataset and Cdataset under ten-fold cross validation, respectively, which outperforms other competing prediction methods. Moreover, case studies for several drugs and diseases were carried out to further verify the predictive performance of WNMFDDA. As a result, 13(Doxorubicin), 13(Amiodarone), 12(Obesity) and 12(Asthma) of the top 15 corresponding candidate diseases or drugs were confirmed by existing databases. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental results adequately demonstrated that WNMFDDA is a very effective method for drug-disease association prediction. We believe that WNMFDDA is helpful for relevant biomedical researchers in follow-up studies.

SPCMLMI: A structural perturbation-based matrix completion method to predict lncRNA-miRNA interactions.

Accumulating evidence indicated that the interaction between lncRNA and miRNA is crucial for gene regulation, which can regulate gene transcription, further affecting the occurrence and development of many complex diseases. Accurate identification of interactions between lncRNAs and miRNAs is helpful for the diagnosis and therapeutics of complex diseases. However, the number of known interactions of lncRNA with miRNA is still very limited, and identifying their interactions through biological experiments is time-consuming and expensive. There is an urgent need to develop more accurate and efficient computational methods to infer lncRNA-miRNA interactions. In this work, we developed a matrix completion approach based on structural perturbation to infer lncRNA-miRNA interactions (SPCMLMI). Specifically, we first calculated the similarities of lncRNA and miRNA, including the lncRNA expression profile similarity, miRNA expression profile similarity, lncRNA sequence similarity, and miRNA sequence similarity. Second, a bilayer network was constructed by integrating the known interaction network, lncRNA similarity network, and miRNA similarity network. Finally, a structural perturbation-based matrix completion method was used to predict potential interactions of lncRNA with miRNA. To evaluate the prediction performance of SPCMLMI, five-fold cross validation and a series of comparison experiments were implemented. SPCMLMI achieved AUCs of 0.8984 and 0.9891 on two different datasets, which is superior to other compared methods. Case studies for lncRNA XIST and miRNA hsa-mir-195-5-p further confirmed the effectiveness of our method in inferring lncRNA-miRNA interactions. Furthermore, we found that the structural consistency of the bilayer network was higher than that of other related networks. The results suggest that SPCMLMI can be used as a useful tool to predict interactions between lncRNAs and miRNAs.

Laparoscopic versus conventional open treatment of hepatic cystic hydatidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Introduction: There still exist controversies about the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic and traditional open surgery. Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic versus traditional laparotomy in hepatic cystic hydatidosis. Material and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for studies about liver hydatid surgery. After the quality assessment and relevant data extraction, the article was screened and included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Thirteen studies included 1211 cases, 362 in the laparoscopic group, and 849 in the open surgery group. According to meta-analysis, laparoscopic surgery is superior to traditional open surgery in terms of length of hospital stay, the recovery time of gastrointestinal function, total complications, and the risk of incision infection. There were no significant differences between laparoscopic surgery and traditional open surgery in operation time, postoperative time of abdominal drainage tube removal, recurrence rate, bile leakage rate, biliary fistula rate, and residual cavity infection rate. Conclusions: Laparoscopy is superior to traditional open surgery in terms of length of hospital stay, the recovery time of gastrointestinal function, total complications, and the risk of incision infection. There was no significant difference in postoperative recurrence between laparoscopy and open surgery. In addition, we think laparoscopy can achieve the same clinical effect as laparotomy. However, the reliability and validity of our conclusion need to be verified by more randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Impairment characteristics of static balance and plantar load distribution of patients undergoing tibial cortex transverse distraction for diabetic foot ulcers.

OBJECTIVE: Tibial cortex transverse distraction (TCTD) has been recently reported for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Herein, we explored the characteristics of the impairments in static balance and plantar load distribution in patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 21 patients with diabetic foot ulcers who underwent TCTD, who were regularly followed up for > 1 year after surgery, and 20 healthy individuals (control group). A pressure platform was used to assess the standing balance functions of the lower extremities and the plantar load distribution. RESULTS: One patient underwent amputation because of severe infection. In patient group, center of pressure (COP) ellipse sway area, COP path length and angle θ were all larger, compared with those of control group (250.15 ± 98.36 mm2 vs. 135.67 ± 53.21 mm2, 145.15 ± 67.43 mm vs. 78.47 ± 34.15 mm, 39.75 ± 17.61° vs. 22.17 ± 14.15°), with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). The average plantar load and backfoot load of the unaffected side was significantly larger than that of the affected side (58.4 ± 5.5% vs. 41.6 ± 5.5%, 45.3 ± 6.4% vs. 36.5 ± 5.6%), but they were similar for the two feet of members of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Although TCTD may represent an appropriate method for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, postoperative impairments in static balance and plantar load distribution remain in the long term. These potential long-term problems should be taken into account in further rehabilitation planning. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic III.

Sesquiterpenes from the endophytic fungus Periconia sp. F-31.

One new eremophilane sesquiterpene periconianone L (1), together with four known guaiane-type sesquiterpenes 4,10,11-trihydroxyguaiane (2), (-)-guai-1(10)-ene-4α,11-diolhydroxymecuration (3), guaidiol A (4), and epi-guaidiol A (5) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Periconia sp. F-31. The structure of the new compound was established by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, HRESIMS, and extensive NMR techniques. Compound 3 was isolated as natural product for the first time.

Research advances on mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in promoting angiogenesis of diabetic ulcers / 中华烧伤杂志

Extracellular vesicles are nanoparticles secreted by most eukaryotic cells and play important roles in material transport and information transmission between cells, involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, antigen presentation, cell apoptosis, cell differentiation, and other biological processes. The culture supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells is rich in extracellular vesicles, and the extracellular vesicles can regulate the formation of new blood vessels, a key step in wound healing and tissue repair. The persistence of diabetic ulcers is closely related to the blocked formation of wound vascular network. This article reviews the role of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells in promoting angiogenesis of diabetic ulcers, in order to provide a new idea for the treatment of diabetic ulcers.

" Multi-hits" based SD rat models of cognitive dysfunction and research on related mechanisms / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To establish Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models of cognitive impairment through repeated stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the early brain development, and to inquire into the effect of " multi-hits" mediated by inflammatory response on the histology and behavior of SD rat models and related molecular mechanisms.Methods:This study adopted a group design for experiments.The " multi-hits" SD rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS.According to the random number table method, 24 pregnant rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, LPS1 group, LPS2 group and LPS3 group, 6 rats in each group.In the control group, saline was intraperitoneally injected into rats with gestational age of 18 days and 20-day-old neonatal rats.Rats with gestational age of 18 days were intraperitoneally injected with saline in the LPS1 group, 0.05 mg/kg LPS in the LPS2 group, and 0.1 mg/kg LPS in the LPS3 group.The pups in LPS1-3 groups were all injected intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg LPS at the postnatal age of 20 days.The motor and cognitive function of the pups were evaluated overall by behavioral experiments such as forelimb suspension tests, grid tests and water maze tests.The relative expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Notch1 and Jagged1 in brain tissue of pups was mainly detected by Western blot (WB) and histological experiments.One-way ANOVA analysis of variance and independent samples t- test were used to compare data among groups and between groups, respectively. Results:(1) Behavioral experiments: compared with the control group, LPS1-3 groups showed progressive decrease in forelimb suspension time [(34.81±5.66) s, (22.47±4.35) s, and (13.20±4.25) s vs.(43.88 ± 4.85) s], and the number of missteps in the grid experiment increased progressively (16.13±2.90, 20.75±3.10, 25.13±4.45 vs.9.00±2.72). The differences were statistically significant ( F=69.77, 35.59, all P<0.001). Both the escape latency and total distance in Morri′s water maze test increased progressively ( P<0.05). (2) WB experiment: the relative expression levels of GFAP, Notch1 and Jagged1 proteins in LPS1-3 groups were significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0.05). (3) Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and electron microscope pathology: compared with the control group, LPS1-3 groups had more loosely arranged frontal cortices and more obvious cell pyknosis.Under the electron microscope, the cytoplasm was swelling to varying degrees, mitochondrial cristae were broken, and part of the nuclear membrane was damaged. Conclusions:In the " multi-hits" cognitive impairment model, the damage to the brain tissue structure and behavioral changes of pups may be related to the up-regulation of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway mediated by repeated exposure to LPS.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy for hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to August 2021, 37 patients ( 69 feet ) with severe plantar adductor hallux valgus were treated with the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with rotational Weil osteotomy were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males(11 feet) and 29 females (58 feet), aged from 67 to 83 years old with an average of (70.03±2.87) years old;3 cases on the left side, 2 cases on the right side and 32 cases on both sides. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate degree of pain relief before operation, 6 weeks after operation and at the final follow-up. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) forefoot score was used to evaluate function of the affected foot before operation and final follow-up. Hallux valgus angle(HVA) and intermetatarsal angle(IMA) were measured before operation and at the final follow-up.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-seven patients(69 feet) were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(22.8±0.6) months. Bone healing was achieved at the first metatarsophalangeal joint from 7 to 10 weeks with an average of (8.00±1.21) weeks after operation, without delay and nonunion. HVA was increased from (44.30±2.84)° before operation to (15.20±2.13) °at the final follow-up, and had statistical difference(t=65.781, P<0.05);while no difference in IMA before and after operation(P>0.05). VAS was decreased from (6.73±1.48) points to (2.78±0.71) points at 6 months after operation(t=3.279, P<0.05), and had difference compared with the latest follow-up(1.16±1.12)(t=4.859, P<0.05). AOFAS forefoot score increased from (52.14±5.78) preoperatively to (86.70±4.86) at the fonal follow-up, and 25 feet got excellent results, 40 feet good and 4 feet fair.@*CONCLUSION@#The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating severe plantar adduction hallux valgus could significantly relieve pain and appearance of forefoot, stabilize the first sequence, and significantly improve walking function.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: An emerging therapeutic strategy for normal and chronic wound healing.

Skin wound healing is a complex biological process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in skin wound repair due to their multidirectional differentiation potential, hematopoietic support, promotion of stem cell implantation, self-replication, and immune regulation. Exosomes are vesicles with diameters of 40-100 nm that contain nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and often act as mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Currently, many clinical scientists have carried out cell-free therapy for skin wounds, especially chronic wounds, using exosomes derived from MSCs. This review focuses on the latest research progress on the mechanisms of action associated with the treatment of wound healing with exosomes derived from different MSCs, the latest research progress on the combination of exosomes and other biological or nonbiological factors for the treatment of chronic skin wounds, and the new prospects and development goals of cell-free therapy.

A prospective randomized controlled study on mouse nerve growth factor in the treatment of global developmental delay in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical effect of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) in the treatment of children with global developmental delay (GDD).@*METHODS@#A prospective clinical trial was conducted in 60 children with GDD who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between July 2016 and July 2017. These children were randomly divided into two groups: conventional rehabilitation treatment and mNGF treatment group (@*RESULTS@#Before treatment and after 1.5 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the developmental quotient (DQ) of each functional area of the Gesell Developmental Scale between the mNGF treatment and conventional rehabilitation treatment groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#In children with GDD, routine rehabilitation training combined with mNGF therapy can significantly improve their cognitive, motor, and social abilities.

Tibial cortex transverse distraction in treating diabetic foot ulcers: what are we concerned about?

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect and complications of tibial cortex transverse distraction (TCTD) in treating diabetic foot ulcers and draw attention to the concerning issues of this procedure. METHODS: This case series included 30 patients with diabetic foot ulcers from four centers. The ulcers had not healed after >6 months. The patients then underwent TCTD combined with other procedures (debridement, vacuum sealing drainage, and others). All patients were followed up for >12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Three patients underwent amputation because of aggravated infections. Tibial fractures occurred in two patients after surgery, and the fractures healed after 3 months of plaster fixation. Pin-site infections occurred in five patients, and the infected pin site healed after the patients underwent pin removal and dressing changes for 3.3 ± 2.1 weeks. The ulcers of the other 27 patients healed by 13.5 ± 8.2 weeks postoperatively, and the postoperative visual analog scale score was significantly lower than the preoperative score. CONCLUSIONS: Although TCTD can be performed as an adjuvant treatment for diabetic foot ulcers, the effect should not be exaggerated and the complications should not be ignored. Further research is needed to propose a standard operative procedure and avoid postoperative complications such as tibial fractures.