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Biomed Pharmacother ; 94: 292-306, 2017 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28763752

ABSTRACT

Gallesia integrifolia is a Brazilian Amazon tree whose bark decoction is popularly used to treat peptic ulcer. The essential oil from the inner stem bark of G. integrifolia (EOGi) was chemically characterized by GC/MS. The in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated in CHO-K1 cells, while the in vivo oral acute toxicity was performed in mice. The gastroprotective effect of EOGi was assessed in acidified ethanol and piroxicam and ulcer healing on acetic acid -induced ulcer models in rodents. Anti-secretory, mucus, K+-ATP channels, prostaglandins (PGs), nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-10, catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and in vitro Helicobacter pylori action by EOGi were evaluated. EOGi exhibited cytotoxic effects only at 72h and no acute toxicity. EOGi showed gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects. EOGi gastroprotection was attenuated by indomethacin pre-treatment. Gastric volume and total acidity were reduced, while gastric pH was elevated. EOGi increased mucus and NO productions and CAT activity, and inhibited MPO activity, TNF-α and IL-1ß concentrations and augmented IL-10. EOGi was not active against H. pylori. These results indicated that EOGi is safe and exerts preventive and curative gastric ulcer effects by multitarget actions. Twenty compounds were identified and (-)-alpha-santalene was the main compound.


Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use , Phytolaccaceae/chemistry , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/chemistry , Anti-Ulcer Agents/toxicity , CHO Cells , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cricetulus , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Male , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Micronucleus Tests , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/toxicity , Plant Bark/chemistry , Rats , Toxicity Tests, Acute
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