ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This case study illustrates the use of the nursing process based upon the standardized nursing diagnoses approved by NANDA International (NANDA-I), and using the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) in the care of a patient with pemphigus vulgaris (PV). DATA SOURCES: The published literature on PV and the experience and expertise of the authors in working with people with impaired skin integrity and PV were used to develop this case study. DATA SYNTHESIS: The accuracy of nursing diagnoses and appropriateness of the nursing interventions were supported by the positive health outcomes of the patient. CONCLUSION: Impaired skin integrity is a human response diagnosed by nurses, and early treatment is important due to the vulnerability of these patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The case study contributes to nursing knowledge for professionals who care for patients with PV.
Subject(s)
Nursing Diagnosis , Pemphigus/diagnosis , Humans , Nursing Assessment , Pemphigus/physiopathologyABSTRACT
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To identify studies on cardiovascular changes resulting from sexual activity, as well as the occurrence of sexual dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. BACKGROUND: Many patients with acute myocardial infarction experience sexual dysfunction, mainly due to fear of dying and/or of having another heart attack. DESIGN: The research was an integrative literature review. METHODS: Searched databases included Lilacs, Medline and PubMed, and the following were inclusion criteria: national and international articles published from 2000-2011, written in Portuguese, Spanish or English. RESULTS: The results indicate that many patients with coronary heart disease experience sexual dysfunction whether from fear of experiencing another acute myocardial infarction or due to the side effects of medication. Studies show there are few cardiovascular changes during sexual activity. CONCLUSIONS: Because sexual dysfunction negatively affects the lives of people, providing guidance to individuals with cardiovascular disease, especially after an acute myocardial infarction, may be a crucial factor in determining quality of life and should be incorporated into clinical practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Despite the subject's importance, there are few studies on nursing guidance concerning sexual activity; moreover, addressing sexuality with patients is still a challenge for nurses.
Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent mortality profiles in Brazil show that circulatory diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil. These disorders contribute to 34% of deaths, with 50% of those deaths occurring in people under 50 years of age, that is, in people who are still active in the workforce. We assume that the growing incidence of cardiovascular diseases has occurred as the globalization of Brazil continues and brings with it the associated health risk factors of modern lifestyles, including stress. AIM: This paper reports the evidence on the influence of stress in the development, onset and progress of cardiovascular diseases. We aim to define the concept of stress and to point systematically to the interrelationships between its emotional and bodily manifestations through a discussion of the history and study of stress. We then suggest that factors leading to the experience of stress in Brazil are no different than in any other modern nation. We further offer a perspective on nursing interventions currently undertaken in Brazil in both hospital and community settings, with their more recent emphasis on health promotion and prevention. METHODS: An extensive literature review was undertaken. The data presented here were selected from reviews and clinical studies described in MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO databases, as well as in the classical literature. We also refer to the current Brazilian literature on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their associated risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil is rising. Because of the globalization of Brazilian society, with its consequent competitiveness and accelerated modern lifestyles, Brazilians are no less immune to the usual health risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases. Stresses associated with a modern lifestyle, however, are emerging as a new and major risk for developing cardiovascular diseases in Brazil.
