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1.
Arch Oral Biol ; 162: 105942, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38452415

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the available scientific evidence regarding the use of flavonoids in the treatment of caries-affected dentin focusing on bonding to dentin. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed in five databases from March 2022 and updated in April 2023: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scielo. Additionally, the references of included studies were manually searched. Gray literature was excluded from the review. STUDY SELECTION: Inclusion criteria included in vitro, in situ, and in vivo studies (animal or human) published in English. Abstracts, reviews, case reports, book chapters, doctoral dissertations, guidelines, and studies using pure plant extracts were excluded. Data collected from the selected studies were summarized and subjected to narrative and descriptive analysis. Out of the 91 studies identified, only 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The review analyzed eight different flavonoids (hesperidin, galardin, proanthocyanidin, genipin, quercetin, naringin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and other catechins subtypes) used as pretreatment or loaded into adhesive systems, primers, and phosphoric acid. The use of flavonoids improved the mechanical properties of the materials and modified the biological properties of the dentin, reducing collagen loss by the inhibition of proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this scoping review, it can be concluded that the use of flavonoids as pretreatment or incorporation into dental materials preserves collagen in the hybrid layer, inhibiting the MMPs activities, modifying the collagen fibrils of the dentin matrix and improving the mechanical properties of the dental adhesive systems. Therefore, it represents a promising approach for promoting dentin biomodification. This can result in more stable bonding of adhesive restorations to caries-affected dentin.


Subject(s)
Dental Bonding , Dental Caries , Humans , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Dental Caries Susceptibility , Collagen , Dental Caries/drug therapy , Matrix Metalloproteinases , Dentin , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Materials Testing , Resin Cements , Tensile Strength
3.
PLoS One ; 14(8): e0220718, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31430298

ABSTRACT

A series of experiments were conducted to characterize a novel restorative material. We explored the effect on biological, physical and chemical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) adding-the naturally occurring tt-farnesol (900 mM). Two groups were accomplished for all assays: GIC+tt-farnesol and GIC (control). Biological assays: 1) agar diffusion against some cariogenic bacteria; 2) S. mutans biofilm formation and confocal laser scanning microscopy-CLSM. 3) gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, gbpB, vicR, and covR expression; 4) MTT and microscopic morphology. Physical properties assays: 1) roughness; 2) hardness; 3) compressive strength and 4) diametral tensile strength. Chemical assay: Raman spectroscopy. The adding of tt-farnesol to GIC led to larger zones of inhibition (p<0.05), biofilms with a short-term reduction in bacterial viability but similar biomass (p>0.05). Polysaccharides levels increased over time, similarly over groups (p>0.05). Viable and non-viable S. mutans were seen on the specimens' surface by CLSM but their virulence was not modulated by tt-farnesol. The tt-farnesol increased the HaCaT cell viability without impact on compressive and diametral tensile strength and roughness although the hardness was positively affected (p<0.05). Raman confirmed the presence of tt-farnesol. The incorporation of tt-farnesol into GIC inhibited the growth of cariogenic bacteria but had a little effect on the composition, structure and physiology of the biofilm matrices. Also, the tt-farnesol increased the hardness and the biocompatibility of the GIC, not influencing negatively other physical properties of the restorative material.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Farnesol/analogs & derivatives , Farnesol/pharmacology , Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry , Glass Ionomer Cements/pharmacology , Biofilms/drug effects , Biofilms/growth & development , Hardness , Humans , Materials Testing , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Streptococcus mutans/physiology , Tensile Strength
4.
J Oral Microbiol ; 11(1): 1607505, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31143407

ABSTRACT

Background: Streptococcus mutans orchestrates the development of a biofilm that causes dental caries in the presence of dietary sucrose, and, in the bloodstream, S. mutans can cause systemic infections. The development of a cariogenic biofilm is dependent on the formation of an extracellular matrix rich in exopolysaccharides, which contains extracellular DNA (eDNA) and lipoteichoic acids (LTAs). While the exopolysaccharides are virulence markers, the involvement of genes linked to eDNA and LTAs metabolism in the pathogenicity of S. mutans remains unclear. Objective and Design: In this study, a parental strain S. mutans UA159 and derivative strains carrying single gene deletions were used to investigate the role of eDNA (ΔlytS and ΔlytT), LTA (ΔdltA and ΔdltD), and insoluble exopolysaccharides (ΔgtfB) in virulence in a rodent model of dental caries (rats) and a systemic infection model (Galleria mellonella larvae). Results: Fewer carious lesions were observed on smooth and sulcal surfaces of enamel and dentin of the rats infected with ∆lytS, ∆dltD, and ΔgtfB (vs. the parental strain). Moreover, strains carrying gene deletions prevented the killing of larvae (vs. the parental strain). Conclusions: Altogether, these findings indicate that inactivation of lytST and dltAD impaired S. mutans cariogenicity and virulence in vivo.

5.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater ; 81: 214-221, 2018 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29550716

ABSTRACT

Bonding to demineralized dentin of a diseased tooth has shown to be a significant clinical issue. This study evaluated the effect of 0.2% NaF-(NaF), MI Paste™-(CPP-ACP) and the self-assembling peptide 'P11-4' (Ace-QQRFEWEFEQQ-NH2) contained in Curodont™ Repair, have on microtensile bond strength-(µTBS) of two different adhesive systems (Adper™ Single Bond-(SB) or Clearfil™ SE Bond (CSE)) and wettability of demineralized dentin slices after remineralising agents were applied. The highest µTBS were found for the demineralized dentin-(DD) treated with CPP-ACP; both adhesives systems (p < 0.05) did not significantly difference from P11-4 treatment associated with SB, and also presented higher values than sound dentin-(SD/SB) (p < 0.01). DD treated with P11-4 associated with CSE did not differ from DD/CSE (p > 0.05). The NaF treatment associated with CSE recovered the bond strength values of SD/CSE and associated with CSE demonstrated lower µTBS than other groups, although significantly higher than DD (p < 0.05). P11-4 and CPP-ACP increased significantly the wettability of demineralized dentin (p < 0.05); etching acid improved wettability for all groups (p < 0.05), whilst NaF did not affect the wettability of demineralized dentin (p > 0.05). Morphological analysis of the dentin surface and dentin-resin interface revealed unique features of the applied remineralizing agent. The results indicated that self-assembling peptide P11-4 associated with SB and CPP-ACP associated with SB or CSE significantly enhanced the bond strength to demineralized dentin (p < 0.05). We conclude that by modifying the dentine surface and restoring conditions found on sound dentin, this can enhance the interfacial bonding.


Subject(s)
Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/metabolism , Mechanical Phenomena/drug effects , Minerals/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Biomechanical Phenomena/drug effects , Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology , Humans , Oligopeptides/chemistry , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , Sodium Fluoride/pharmacology
6.
Arch Oral Biol ; 85: 113-119, 2018 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29054025

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity against bacteria with cariogenic relevance, toxic and genotoxic potential of the plants Anacardium occidentale L. and Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Bernam. DESIGN: Using a microdilution technique, the extracts were submitted to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing against Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 903), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 10557), Streptococcus salivarius (ATCC 7073), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 15300) and Streptococcus sobrinus (ATCC 27609). The toxicity of the extracts was then verified against eukaryotic cells. Additionally, a micronucleus assay was performed to investigate the potential mutagenic effects of the extracts on rat erythrocytes. The Student's t-test, Bonferroni test, and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's tests were used for statistical analysis, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: While the A. occidentale extract was able to inhibit all of the tested strains, with S. mutans and S. mitis being the most susceptible to that extract́s action, the A. macrocarpa did not show antimicrobial activity. Interestingly, the hemolytic, oxidant and antioxidant activities were slightly observed for either extract, even at high concentrations (1000mg/mL). The micronucleus assay showed no significant changes in the cells exposed to the extracts. CONCLUSION: The A. occidentale extract has potential as an antimicrobial agent with low eukaryotic cell toxicity or mutagenic activity. The A. macrocarpa extract, although absent of antibacterial activity might as well be a safe and effective phytotherapeutic alternative.


Subject(s)
Anacardium/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cariostatic Agents/pharmacology , Dental Caries/microbiology , Fabaceae/chemistry , Plant Bark/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Streptococcus/drug effects , Animals , Hemolysis/drug effects , Humans , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests
7.
J Dent ; 41(2): 155-63, 2013 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23123495

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate: (1) the in vitro antibacterial, cytotoxic and mechanical properties of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) containing different concentrations of chlorhexidine (CHX) and (2) the in vivo microbiologic action of the best concentration of CHX associated with the RMGIC applied on remaining dentine after indirect pulp treatment (IPT). METHODS: For the in vitro studies, RMGIC was associated with 0.2, 0.5, 1.25 and 2.5% CHX. Microbiologic evaluation consisted of an agar diffusion test on cariogenic bacteria for 24h. Odontoblast-like cell metabolism and morphology analyses measured the cytotoxic effects of the RMGIC groups after 24h. The same groups were submitted to compressive and diametral tensile strength. The in vivo treatment consisted of IPT using an RMGIC associated with the best CHX concentration. Clinical and microbiologic evaluations were performed before and after 3 months. RESULTS: The use of 1.25% CHX significantly improved the antibacterial effects of the evaluated RMGIC, without causing any detrimental effects to the odontoblast-like cells and on the mechanical properties. This RMGIC and CHX combination completely eliminated mutans streptococci after 3 months of IPT. CONCLUSION: The RMGIC and 1.25% CHX mixture showed great biological and mechanical behaviour and could be a good treatment against caries progression. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The association of CHX with a liner RMGIC opens a new perspective for arresting residual caries after IPT.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/chemistry , Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives , Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Actinomyces/drug effects , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/toxicity , Cell Culture Techniques , Cell Line , Cell Shape/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Chlorhexidine/chemistry , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Chlorhexidine/toxicity , Coloring Agents , Compressive Strength , Dental Caries/microbiology , Dental Caries/therapy , Dental Cavity Lining/methods , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/microbiology , Dentin/pathology , Glass Ionomer Cements/pharmacology , Glass Ionomer Cements/toxicity , Humans , Lactobacillus acidophilus/drug effects , Materials Testing , Mechanical Phenomena , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Odontoblasts/drug effects , Resin Cements/pharmacology , Resin Cements/toxicity , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Stress, Mechanical , Tensile Strength , Tetrazolium Salts , Thiazoles , Time Factors
8.
Gen Dent ; 59(3): 230-3, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21903547

ABSTRACT

This article describes a one-year follow-up of the prosthetic rehabilitation of a child who lost multiple primary teeth due to widespread dental caries. Clinical and radiographic examinations indicated the need for all primary teeth to be extracted. Following the extractions, complete maxillary and mandibular removable prostheses with individualized occlusion and age-appropriate artificial teeth were fitted for functional and esthetic rehabilitation. The treatment improved the patient's speech, masticatory function, and facial esthetics, contributing to the development of normal dietary habits and social integration.


Subject(s)
Denture Design , Denture, Complete , Tooth Loss/rehabilitation , Tooth, Deciduous/pathology , Child , Dental Caries/therapy , Denture, Complete, Lower , Denture, Complete, Upper , Esthetics, Dental , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Mastication/physiology , Patient Care Planning , Speech/physiology , Tooth Extraction , Tooth, Artificial
9.
Odontology ; 99(2): 162-7, 2011 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21547614

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the association between clinical and salivary or molecular parameters in Down syndrome subjects. Sixty individuals (1- to 48-year old) were clinically examined using DMFT/DMFS. Stimulated saliva was collected; salivary flow was calculated (mL/min), buffering capacity was measured using a standard pH tape. In addition, 25 µL of saliva was diluted using 10-fold-dilution method and then placed on Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin agar to count colony forming units (CFU/mL) of mutans streptococci. Polymerase chain reaction analysis identified species. Caries indexes were 0.65-13.5 (DMFT) and 0.65-26.0 (DMFS) according to groups. Ninety-four percent of subjects had low flow rate (0.7-1.0 mL/min) and 44% had low buffering capacity (pH < 4). Besides, 60% had more than 1 × 10(6) CFU/mL, 60% had S. mutans, and 41.4% had S. sobrinus. Caries indexes did not significantly correlate with flow rate, buffering capacity, CFU/mL by Pearson's correlation (p > 0.05), and showed no significant association with prevalence of species by Chi-square (p > 0.05). There is no association between clinical picture and salivary or molecular parameters in Down syndrome subjects.


Subject(s)
DMF Index , Down Syndrome/complications , Saliva/microbiology , Streptococcus mutans/classification , Streptococcus sobrinus/classification , Adolescent , Adult , Bacterial Load , Buffers , Child , Child, Preschool , Dental Caries/microbiology , Dental Restoration, Permanent/statistics & numerical data , Down Syndrome/microbiology , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Infant , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Saliva/metabolism , Secretory Rate/physiology , Streptococcus/classification , Tooth Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Tooth Loss/classification , Young Adult
10.
Dent Traumatol ; 24(3): e381-4, 2008 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18489472

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of traumatisms with avulsion of deciduous teeth varies from 7 to 13%, usually involving one tooth only. In this case report, a trauma with multiple losses of deciduous teeth and laceration of soft tissue is described as a consequence of a horse backward kick. After suture of extra-oral tissue wounds and application of anti-tetanic vaccine, the patient was referred to the emergency ambulatory of Sacred Heart University. Treatment procedures included radiographic analysis, removal of bone fragments and of a residual root of the tooth involved, remodeling and suture of intra-oral tissues. The patient was observed periodically and after full recovery, a prosthetic appliance was installed for functional and esthetic rehabilitation.


Subject(s)
Maxilla/injuries , Tooth Avulsion/surgery , Tooth, Deciduous/injuries , Animals , Bicuspid/injuries , Child , Cuspid/injuries , Denture, Partial, Removable , Facial Injuries/surgery , Horses , Humans , Incisor/injuries , Lacerations/surgery , Male , Multiple Trauma/rehabilitation , Multiple Trauma/surgery , Tooth Avulsion/rehabilitation
11.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J ; 43(6): 726-30, 2006 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17105318

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the oral health knowledge of mothers of children with cleft lip and/or palate, analyzing the practical application of this information on the basis of the oral hygiene of the children and caries prevalence of mothers and children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Pediatric Dentistry sector of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies. PATIENTS: Mothers (n = 300) and their children with cleft lip and/or palate, ages 3 years to 5 years 6 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An interview with questions related to dietary habits and oral health knowledge and habits was conducted. Children and their mothers also were evaluated by intraoral clinical examination. RESULTS: Of the mothers, 47.3% displayed poor oral health status (Group A) and 52.7% had a satisfactory oral health status (Group B). Children in Group A presented a mean dmft of 6.0, whereas children in Group B had a mean dmft of 5.6. No significant differences were observed between groups. Mothers demonstrated a reasonable knowledge on prevention of dental caries and oral hygiene. CONCLUSION: Even though the mothers interviewed had some knowledge on the causes and prevention of dental caries, other factors should be regarded as relevant in the caries process.


Subject(s)
Cleft Lip/physiopathology , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Health Education, Dental , Health Status , Mothers , Oral Health , Attitude to Health , Cariostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , DMF Index , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Dental Devices, Home Care , Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage , Feeding Behavior , Female , Fluorides/therapeutic use , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Mothers/education , Mothers/psychology , Oral Hygiene , Toothbrushing
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