Association between food consumption and high levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol among obese children.

INTRODUCTION: The increase in the prevalence of obesity and obesity in children is a pattern of the last decades. This public health issue results in metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia with increased LDL-C. Previous findings shows that most of the Brazilian children does not follow the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the association of dietary intake characteristics with elevated serum cholesterol from low density lipoprotein in obese children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 137 obese children (5-10 years). The mean age of the studied children was 8.27 years, 55.5% were male The weight measurements were performed on a digital anthropometric scale. The body mass index was calculated for each child and the Food Frequency Questionnaire was applied. The peripheral blood was collected for lipid profile analysis. Stata 12.0 statistical package was used to analyze the data, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia based on the serum cholesterol from low density lipoprotein fraction was 14.6%. It was observed that children in the group who consumed the lower difference of risky and protective foods on a daily basis were not less likely to have a high cholesterol from low density lipoprotein level as a criterion for hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.218). CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of the individuals presented levels of lipid profile classified as undesirable for age, as well as food rich in components capable of increasing this profile, which should encourage the intensification in measures of prevention of cardiovascular diseases since childhood.

Spiritual Well-Being and Its Association with Coronary Artery Disease.

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in the world, generating important socioeconomic and cultural impacts. Spirituality has been associated with the main risk factors for acute myocardial infarction, influencing lifestyle, and drug treatment compliance. Estimate the level of spiritual well-being and its association with coronary artery disease. We conducted a case-control study with 88 adults (42 cases and 46 controls) individually interviewed. Using a spiritual well-being scale and collecting socioeconomic and demographic information. We compared groups by Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Friedman's analysis of variance was used to evaluate the differences between the values assigned to the scale items in each group. Statistically, there was no significant difference between categories and levels of spiritual well-being in any of the groups. Both had high rates, driven by the high level of religious well-being. There was no difference between the rates attributed to the items on the subscale of religious well-being, in the case or control groups (p = 0.959 and p = 0.817). However, the existential well-being subscale revealed variability between the scores attributed to each item in both groups (p < 0.001). The results revealed a high level of spiritual well-being in the analyzed sample. There was no correlation between the levels of spiritual, religious, and existential well-being with coronary artery disease, possibly due to the reduced ability of the religious well-being subscale to discriminate between groups.

Accidents involving motorcyclists and cyclists in the municipality of São Paulo: characterization and trends.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of motorcycle and bicycle accident victims, according to notifications of suspected and confirmed accidents that have occurred in the municipality of São Paulo. METHOD: This was a descriptive epidemiological study. It covered all accidents (12,924) that occurred involving motorcycles (11,366) and bicycles (1558) between January 2011 and October 2013. Data in the Health Department's information system for surveillance of violence and accidents (SIVVA) was surveyed. RESULTS: Motorcycle accidents accounted for 52.1% of the cases notified and bicycles, 7.1%. Males predominated in both types of accidents: 81.6% and 80.6%, respectively. In the motorcycle accidents, the predominant age group among the victims was from 20 to 24 years. Both types of accidents occurred during the daytime (7:00-18:00 h): 37.4% and 27.0% respectively. Among the motorcycle accidents, the driver had been using alcohol in 3% and it was not possible to identify whether this had occurred in 67%. CONCLUSIONS: Public policies prioritizing financial and human resources applied toward reducing these types of accidents need to be brought in.

OBJETIVO: Descrever as características de vítimas de acidentes de motocicleta e bicicleta, segundo notificações de acidentes, suspeitos e confirmados, ocorridos no município de São Paulo. MÉTODO: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, descritivo. Abrangeu todos os acidentes (12.924) ocorridos com motocicleta (11.366) e bicicleta (1.558) de janeiro de 2011 a outubro de 2013. Fez-se um levantamento dos dados do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância e Violência e Acidentes (SIVVA) da Secretaria de Saúde. RESULTADOS: Os acidentes de motocicleta corresponderam a 52,1% dos casos notificados; os de bicicleta, a 7,1%. O sexo masculino foi predominante em ambos: 81,6% e 80,6%, respectivamente. Nos acidentes de motocicleta, a faixa predominante das vítimas foi entre 20 e 24 anos. Ambos os acidentes ocorreram durante o dia (7 às 18 horas): 37,4% e 27,0% respectivamente. Entre os acidentes de motocicleta, em 3% os pilotos fizeram uso de álcool e em 67% não foi possível identificar se isso ocorrera. CONCLUSÕES: Faz-se necessária a adoção de políticas públicas que priorizem a aplicação de recursos financeiros e humanos na redução desses tipos de acidente.