Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 11 de 11
Filter
1.
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; 2013. 1 p.
Non-conventional in Spanish | ARGMSAL, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1552867

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN En Argentina, las enfermedades respiratorias son la tercera causa de muerte en niños menores de 5 años. En 2011 se incluyó la vacunación antigripal en el Calendario Nacional entre los 6 y 24 meses. Su cobertura en 2012 fue del 51%. OBJETIVOS Evaluar la efectividad de la vacunación antigripal en la prevención de la internación por influenza en niños de 6 a 24 meses y determinar la proporción de esquemas atrasados y oportunidades perdidas de vacunación (OPV), caracterizando estas últimas. MÉTODOS Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico observacional analítico de corte transversal, de casos-controles (1:3) apareados por edad en tres centros asistenciales de Argentina. Se calculó la efectividad vacunal (EV) para una dosis=1-OR. Se encuestó a padres de niños de 6-24 meses. RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 38 casos y 114 controles. EV cruda: 69% (29-87); p=0,005. La enfermedad respiratoria crónica se presentó como predictor independiente, actuando como confusor (OR=34,9; IC95%=6,8-178,6; p=0,000). La EV ajustada por este factor resultó del 67% (9-88); p=0,033. Se detectó un 65% (884/1340) de esquemas atrasados de vacunación (97% de OPV). Los hechos de considerar útil la vacunación antigripal (OR=0,42; 0,18-0,94; p=0,035), tener menos de un año de vida (OR=0,75; 0,59-0,96; p=0,022) y haber visto mensajes sobre vacunas durante la consulta pediátrica o en algún medio de comunicación (OR=0,71; 0,56- 0,90; p=0,004) fueron los tres factores protectores hallados. Se registró un 38% de OPV en la primera dosis y 63% en la segunda. La principal causa de OPV en la primera dosis fue la falta de detección de la necesidad de vacunar (39%); en la segunda, el desconocimiento de los calendarios de vacunación (35%). DISCUSIÓN La EV antigripal hallada fue alta y coincide con otros trabajos. Se detectó una alta frecuencia de esquemas atrasados de vacunación y OPV,


Subject(s)
Influenza Vaccines , Immunization Programs , Influenza, Human
2.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol ; 22(12): 762-6, 2001 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11876454

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of parental education and use of parents as nursing assistants on reducing nosocomial infections. DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Active surveillance for nosocomial infections was performed on two wards. On ward A, parents were educated about infection control practices and assisted nursing staff with routine tasks, so that nursing personnel could focus their efforts on procedures with higher risk of infection. Parental assistance was not sought on ward B, the comparison ward. RESULTS: From October 1990 through September 1991, 1,081 patients were admitted to wards A (470) or B (611). The over-all nosocomial infection rate was 7.1 per 100 admissions; the nosocomial infection rate was significantly higher on ward B than ward A (63/611 vs 14/470; P<.001). Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for nosocomial infection on the two wards as age <2 years (P=.01), malnutrition (P=.005), duration of hospitalization (P<.001), ward B hospitalization (P=.003), and ward cleanliness score (P=.009); the distribution of patients with these factors was similar on the two wards. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that parental infection control education and recruitment to relieve nursing staff of routine low-risk procedures are economical and easily implemented measures to reduce nosocomial infections in hospitals with limited personnel resources in the developing world.


Subject(s)
Cross Infection/prevention & control , Hospitals, Pediatric , Infection Control/methods , Parents , Argentina/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Infant , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Parents/education , Risk Factors
3.
Leukemia ; 8(10): 1750-7, 1994 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7523800

ABSTRACT

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a homogeneous subgroup of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) characterized by the presence of the t(15;17) translocation and the resulting PML/RAR alpha fusion proteins. To date APL is the only AML which is sufficiently sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) differentiating effect. We have recently reported that APL express and secrete hematopoietic growth factors (HGF) such as IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL-6. In vivo ATRA alone allows achievement of complete remission in APL patients. One of ATRA therapy's drawbacks is the increase of peripheral blast cells often associated with the ATRA leukocyte activation syndrome. To determine if this specific side-effect was linked to an increase of HGF release by APL cells, we studied the modulation of cytokine production by APL cells, we studied the modulation of cytokine production by APL samples (n = 12) before and after incubation with ATRA. ATRA failed to modulate TNF alpha, IL-6 or GM-CSF secretion levels; however, IL-8 levels decreased in 11 cases, and in four cases up-regulation of IL-1 beta and G-CSF protein expression was observed. These modulations were found to be linked to ATRA sensitivity as ATRA failed to modulate cytokine production in non-APL cells (n = 8). Interestingly, the increase of IL-1 beta and G-CSF production in the presence of ATRA was highly correlated to an increase in APL cell count in vitro and in vivo hyperleukocytosis, resulting in fatal outcome. IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 are known to be implicated in leukocyte activation. The results of this study suggest that ATRA-induced hyperleukocytosis and ATRA leukocyte activation syndrome in APL may be inherent to the secretion of specific hematopoietic growth factors by the APL cells.


Subject(s)
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism , Interleukin-1/metabolism , Interleukin-8/metabolism , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism , Tretinoin/pharmacology , Blotting, Northern , Blotting, Southern , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Humans , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology , Leukocytosis/chemically induced , Leukocytosis/metabolism , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase , Tretinoin/therapeutic use , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects , Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism , Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology , Up-Regulation
4.
Leukemia ; 8(10): 1758-62, 1994 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7934172

ABSTRACT

Differentiation of normal myeloid cells is accompanied by the increase of high-affinity GM-CSF receptors necessary for progenitor proliferation/differentiation and mature neutrophil function. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces terminal differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (AML3 subtype). We report in this study that AML3 cells, like other AML subtypes, harbor high-affinity GM-CSF R (n = 138.3 +/- 69.3 sites/cell, Kd = 76.9 +/- 68.8 pM). In all cases, incubation with ATRA induces either an increase in the number of affinity of GM-CSF R (n = 212.7 +/- 116.2 sites/cell, Kd = 43.2 +/- 22.5 pM). The data presented show that modulation of GM-CSF receptors cells is correlated to the degree of ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation but not to increased cell growth.


Subject(s)
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism , Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism , Tretinoin/pharmacology , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Division/drug effects , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism , Humans , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects , Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism , Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology
5.
Blood ; 83(11): 3264-70, 1994 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8193361

ABSTRACT

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a homogeneous subgroup of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) characterized by the presence of the t(15,17) translocation and the resulting promyelocytic myeloid leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML/RAR alpha) fusion proteins. To date APL is the only AML that is sufficiently sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid's (ATRA) differentiating effect. In vivo ATRA alone achieves complete remission in most APL patients. However, failure or partial responses are observed and the molecular basis of the absence of ATRA response in these patients has not been determined. To gain insights in the cell growth and differentiation of APL cells, expression of hematopoietic growth factors (HGF) shown to be produced by leukemic cells (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta], IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF], granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], and IL-3) was studied in 16 APL samples. Twelve APL cases expressed IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF alpha, but not G-CSF, GM-CSF, and IL-3. These cases achieved complete remission with ATRA therapy. The four remaining patients (either TNF alpha negative or G-CSF, GM-CSF or IL-3 positive) did not achieve complete remission with ATRA. In all cases, in vivo response to ATRA therapy was correlated to the in vitro differentiation effect of all-trans retinoic acid 10(-6) mol/L. Thus, ATRA differentiation induction was strongly correlated to the HGF expression (P < .0001). These results suggest that the presence or absence of HGF's expression by APL cells may contribute to the therapeutic effect of ATRA in this disease.


Subject(s)
Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors/biosynthesis , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism , Tretinoin/pharmacology , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors/genetics , Humans , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 91(4): 211-24, ago. 1993. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-11317

ABSTRACT

En abril y mayo de 1990 se realizó un estudio multicéntrico con el objeto de analizar copn las OPV en la consulta ambulatoria de niños menores de 2 años.Se siguió la metodología difundida por la OPV en la consulta ambulatoria de niños menores de 2 años.Se siguió la metodología difundida por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud.Se define OPV como el contacto de una persona con una institución de salud en la que no se aplica una vacuna que estaba indicada a esa persona,sin que haya contraindicaciones para su aplicación.Se diseñó una muestra representativa de los niños menores de 2 años que consultan ambulatoriamente a los hospitales Garrahan,Gutiérrez y La Plata y Conurbano Sur.Los datos fueron recogidos mediante interrogatorio a las madres de niños atendidos en forma ambulatoria en las instituciones incluidad en la muestra(n=1201).La proporción de OPV hallada fue del 15,9 por ciento en el Hospital Gutierrez,28,6 por ciento en el Hospital Garrahan y del 18,4 por ciento en los Hospital de La Plata y Conurbano Sur.En los consultorios de urgencia y de especialidades las OPV son más frecuentes,lo que coincide con el alto porciento de falta de preguntas por vacunas y ofrecimiento de las mismas en esos consultorios.Las OPV son mayores para las consultas por patología respecto de las de control de crecimiento y desarrollo.No hay una relación clara entre OPV y grupos de edad de los niños consultantes.Las OPV de las vacuna (no de los niños)para el total de las vacunas requeridas fue del 7,4 por ciento en Hospital Gutierrez y Hospital Garrahan y dek 5,0 por ciento en los hospitales de la Plata y Conurbano Sur


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Vaccination , Health Services Coverage , Pediatrics
7.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 91(4): 211-24, ago. 1993. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-276158

ABSTRACT

En abril y mayo de 1990 se realizó un estudio multicéntrico con el objeto de analizar copn las OPV en la consulta ambulatoria de niños menores de 2 años.Se siguió la metodología difundida por la OPV en la consulta ambulatoria de niños menores de 2 años.Se siguió la metodología difundida por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud.Se define OPV como el contacto de una persona con una institución de salud en la que no se aplica una vacuna que estaba indicada a esa persona,sin que haya contraindicaciones para su aplicación.Se diseñó una muestra representativa de los niños menores de 2 años que consultan ambulatoriamente a los hospitales Garrahan,Gutiérrez y La Plata y Conurbano Sur.Los datos fueron recogidos mediante interrogatorio a las madres de niños atendidos en forma ambulatoria en las instituciones incluidad en la muestra(n=1201).La proporción de OPV hallada fue del 15,9 por ciento en el Hospital Gutierrez,28,6 por ciento en el Hospital Garrahan y del 18,4 por ciento en los Hospital de La Plata y Conurbano Sur.En los consultorios de urgencia y de especialidades las OPV son más frecuentes,lo que coincide con el alto porciento de falta de preguntas por vacunas y ofrecimiento de las mismas en esos consultorios.Las OPV son mayores para las consultas por patología respecto de las de control de crecimiento y desarrollo.No hay una relación clara entre OPV y grupos de edad de los niños consultantes.Las OPV de las vacuna (no de los niños)para el total de las vacunas requeridas fue del 7,4 por ciento en Hospital Gutierrez y Hospital Garrahan y dek 5,0 por ciento en los hospitales de la Plata y Conurbano Sur


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Health Services Coverage , Vaccination , Pediatrics
8.
Bull Cancer ; 79(2): 123-31, 1992.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1392151

ABSTRACT

GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor) activates neutrophil, eosinophil, granular, and macrophage precursors through binding to specific receptors. GM-CSF receptor is a member of the "cytokine receptor superfamily", which displays a particular transmembrane structure. It is expressed in small amounts on normal mature blood or medullary cells, with a high affinity. On acute myeloid leukemia blasts (18 patients), our results agree with the review of the literature: GM-CSF receptors are in small amounts, of two types (high and low affinity), with no relation to the FAB classification of leukemias.


Subject(s)
Colony-Stimulating Factors/physiology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood , Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor , Humans , Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/analysis , Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/physiology
9.
Pediatr Pulmonol ; 10(4): 249-53, 1991.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1896232

ABSTRACT

We conducted a retrospective study of 743 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), covering the 1979-89 period in 4 Latin American (LA) institutions to evaluate the clinical features of the disease. The review, although dealing only with patients referred to, or diagnosed at these institutions may be considered to comprise the majority of patients living in these areas. Diagnosis was confirmed by the sweat test in all cases. There was a slight predominance of males, (61.0%) mainly in the Brazilian group. The mean age at diagnosis was over 3 years. This was similar to the mean age at admission. Almost half of the patients were still alive at follow-up, but their mean age was low (6.4 years in Brazil, 7.4 in Chile, 9.6 in Mexico, and 11.3 in Argentina). Mean age at death ranged from 3.1 years (Chile) to 8.7 years (Argentina). The highest proportion of living patients was in Chile (71.4%) and the lowest in Argentina (33.8%). Survival curve comprised 15 years after diagnosis for the Argentinian group, compared to 6 years for the remaining groups. Fifty percent of the patients lived 6-7 years after diagnosis in Argentina, 4-5 years in Mexico and Chile, and 3 years in Brazil. Among Argentine patients 39.2% survived to 10 years of age, and 18% to 15 years. These findings suggest that CF is not rare in LA but extensive epidemiological studies are needed to obtain accurate figures on the magnitude of the problem.


Subject(s)
Cystic Fibrosis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Argentina , Brazil , Child , Child, Preschool , Chile , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/mortality , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Sex Factors
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...