[External discoid menisci. Apropos of a familial series of 6 cases]. / Ménisques externes discoïdes. A propos d'une série familiale de six cas.

Discoid meniscus is a well-known meniscal dysmorphia affecting more often the lateral meniscus of the knee. Familial series are exceptional with only two reported instances. A new series of three bilateral symptomatic cases of lateral discoid menisci was reported in a family of three brothers and sisters, whom parents had never suffered from their knees. During operative procedure four complete and two incomplete types were found. Two complete and four partial meniscectomies have been performed followed by four good results in the five with sufficient follow-up. The origin of this malformation is unknown. The phylogenetic and ontogenetic studies give no explanation and genetic factors seem to have a minor role.

[The multicystic kidney. Anatomo-radiological study of 19 operative specimens. Practical and pathogenic consequences]. / Le rein multikystique. Etude anatomo-radiologique de 19 piéces opératoires. Conséquences pratiques et pathogéniques.

19 specimen of pathologically proved multicystic kidneys were opacified; first through the ureter and second, if the ureter was not patent, through a puncture of one of the cysts (or several if the first cyst did not communicate with the ureter or with other cysts). The results are as follows. The ureter was hypoplastic but patent in 12 and communicated with some of the cysts in 9 or with all the cysts in 3. These communications consisted of large (12 cases) or small (15 cases) canals, or both large and small canals (11 cases). When patent, the ureter was connected to these canals. Moreover in most of the cases, there was a communication between cysts through such canals. Finally, only 3 cases fitted with the classical description having an atretic ureter and non communicating cysts. Our conclusion is that the same basal defect is present in congenital obstructions of pelvis and calyces; there is a continuous spectrum of malformations between congenital hydronephrosis, hydrocalyces and multicystic kidneys.

[Pseudo-ureteroceles resulting from the impression of a loop of a megaureter with an ectopic subvesical orifice]. / "Pseudo-urétérocèles" par empreinte d'une boucle de mégauretère à abouchement ectopique sous-vésical.

The authors report 3 rare cases of pseudo-ureteroceles corresponding to a vesical imprint of an ectopic extra-vesical megaureter. When an ectopic extra-vesical ureter follows a sharp juxta-vesical buckle, it can give a deep imprint on the bladder and look similar to an ureterocele. I.V.P. and U.S. can be as misleading since the appearance of this type of megaureter and ureterocele can be similar, and differential diagnosis can be difficult. Such situations are rare. In a ten years of pediatric urologic practice, the authors who have investigated 51 ureteroceles and 26 extravesical ectopic ureters, have only observed 3 children with this lesion. These 3 cases corresponded to two simple ureters, in a 3 year old boy and in a 2.5 year old girl, and one upper ureter of a complete duplex system in a neonate baby girl with antenatal discovery. The clinical, radiological, sonographical and endoscopic clues to the diagnosis are discussed and illustrated.