[The usefulness of perineal ultrasound in urinary incontinence in women]. / Utilidad del ultrasonido perineal en la incontinencia de orina en la mujer.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the utility of perineal ultrasound in the evaluation of female urinary incontinence. METHODS: The present study was conducted on 50 women with urinary incontinence. The distance between the bladder neck and symphysis pubis with and without stress was measured by perineal ultrasound. A displacement of the bladder greater than 10 mm was considered cystocele, and if the bladder neck and urethra formed a funnel greater than 13 mm, it was considered urinary incontinence. RESULTS: The distance between the bladder neck and the symphysis pubis in all 50 patients ranged from 10 mm to 18 mm (mean 12.8 mm) without stress and from 15 mm to 42 mm (mean 32.6 mm) with stress (Valsalva maneuver and/or cough). Perineal ultrasound was useful in all cases since one could evaluate the descent of the angle of the bladder neck in the case of cystocele and a lesser or greater funneling of the urethra, which is an essential sign in urinary incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: Perineal ultrasound can determine which patient has a cystocele, urinary incontinence or both. It is useful in the evaluation and follow-up of patients undergoing surgery for urinary incontinence.

[The assessment of varicocele by ultrasound]. / Evaluación del varicocele por ultrasonido.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the utility that has the scrotal ultrasound in the patient with varicocele. METHODS: 34 patients with varicocele, 28 unilateral, y 6 bilateral, 9 right and 31 left, was evaluated by means of scrotal ultrasound in high-resolution real-time united, we utilized an ATL with transducers 7-12 Mhz. The age oscillates between 13-36 years. Five patient adolescent went for pain, 23 infertile patients, and 6 adults for pain/or discomfort scrotal. RESULTS: For ultrasound we observed 10/40 testicular atrophy, the texture was homogeneous 35/40. Five testicles had decrease of the echogenicity. The ultrasound confirms varicocele in the clinical cases 31/31, we detect 3/9 subclinical. The images that were gotten being the of a group of 2 or 3 tubular structures, or liquid cords dilated of a diameter between 1.5 and 2 mm in the subclinical, and superior to 2 mm in the clinical, or one greater of 3 mm, located in the cord or in the groin canal, up and behind of the head of the epididymis, in the voluminous cases could be observed behind and below the testicle. CONCLUSIONS: The scrotal ultrasound is an adequate method, rapid, easy not obnoxious, useful in the evaluation preoperative and postoperative of the varicocele.