Diagnostic accuracy of clinical indicators of Imbalanced nutrition in pediatric patients submitted to chemotherapy.

To analyze the accuracy of clinical indicators of nursing diagnosis, Imbalanced nutrition: less than the body requirements in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a pediatric oncohematology unit. A total of 123 children aged 5-18 years were evaluated. The Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) protocol was used. Latent class analysis was performed to obtain sensitivity and specificity of clinical indicators. The diagnosis was identified in six children (5.23%). The most frequent clinical indicator in the study was report of food intake less than recommended daily allowance (n = 61; 49.6%), followed by excessive hair loss (n = 49; 39.8%), misperception (n = 42; 34.1%), satiety immediately upon ingesting food (n = 32; 26%), lack of information (n = 30; 24.4%), and pale mucous membranes (n = 22; 17.9%). The 10 indicators that sensitivity and specificity were statistically superior to 50% were food intake less than recommended daily allowance, misperception, insufficient interest in food, lack of food, hyperactive bowel sounds, body weight 20% or more below ideal weight range, insufficient muscle tone, food aversion, abdominal cramping, and misinformation. The clinical indicators Food intake less than recommended daily allowance and Misperception can be considered the most important indicators for the initial inference of the diagnosis due to their high values of specificity and sensitivity. It is essential that nurses provide targeted and qualified assistance based on the signs and symptoms presented by patients, as they will be able to design appropriate interventions to obtain the desired results.

Accuracy of the Defining Characteristics of the Nursing Diagnosis Hypothermia in Newborns.

PURPOSE: To analyze the accuracy of the defining characteristics of hypothermia in newborns and to verify associations between defining characteristics and clinical variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional accuracy study with statistical analysis. FINDINGS: Slow capillary refill, decrease in ventilation, peripheral vasoconstriction, and insufficient weight gain were the defining characteristics with the highest specificity values, while slow gastric emptying, skin cool to touch, irritability, and bradycardia were the defining characteristics with the highest values for both sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION: Slow gastric emptying, skin cool to touch, irritability, and bradycardia are good clinical indicators to infer initial stages of hypothermia and to confirm its presence. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Accuracy measures may contribute to the improvement of the diagnostic inferential process. OBJETIVO: Analisar acurácia das características definidoras de Hipotermia em recém-nascidos e identificar a associação delas com variáveis clínicas. MÉTODO: Estudo de acurácia transversal com análise estatística. RESULTADOS: Preenchimento capilar lento, diminuição da ventilação, vasoconstrição periférica e ganho de peso insuficiente apresentaram valores altos de especificidade enquanto esvaziamento gástrico lento, pele fria, irritabilidade e bradicardia apresentaram valores elevados de sensibilidade e especificidade. CONCLUSÃO: Esvaziamento gástrico lento, pele fria, irritabilidade e bradicardia são úteis para inferir estágios iniciais de hipotermia e para confirmação diagnóstica. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: Medidas de acurácia podem contribuir para o processo de inferência do diagnóstico hipotermia.

Validation of Clinical Indicators of the Nursing Diagnosis of Ineffective Protection in Adolescents With Cancer.

PURPOSE: To validate the clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis of Ineffective protection in adolescents with cancer based on diagnostic accuracy measurements. DESIGN AND METHODS: Measurements of sensitivity and specificity for the indicators were calculated using latent class analysis with random effects in a sample of 127 adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. RESULTS: The prevalence of diagnosis was estimated at 93.7%. The indicators deficient immunity and weakness showed higher sensitivity values, whereas opportunistic infections, recurrent infections, insomnia, mucosal lesions, and coughing showed high specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Seven indicators were clinically validated. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The validation of clinical indicators provides nurses with the knowledge of useful signs and symptoms to identify early spectra of a nursing diagnosis or confirm their presence in a specific population. In clinical practice, this knowledge contributes to an accurate diagnostic inference and the planning of nursing interventions directed to the idiosyncrasies of individuals.

Validation of Clinical Indicators of Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements in Early Childhood.

This is a clinical validation study of the nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements based on the diagnostic accuracy measures. Measures of sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on the latent class analysis method using a random effects model in a sample of 123 children between 0 and 6 years old. The prevalence of the diagnosis was estimated to be 27.6% using the latent class model. Indicators that exhibited the best measures of diagnostic accuracy included insufficient interest in food and satiety immediately upon ingesting food. A total of seven clinical indicators were validated clinically.