ABSTRACT
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Use of cisplatin can induce type I hypersensitivity reactions that may also be linked to the quality of the drug utilized. We observed cases of hypersensitivity that appeared to be associated with the brand of cisplatin used. The aim of this study was to compare two different brands of cisplatin in relation to type I hypersensitivity reactions. METHODS: Brand A was used in a tertiary care teaching hospital until 2012, and use of brand B started from January 2013, when the first hypersensitivity cases were observed. Patients were categorized based on symptom. Cisplatin of both brands was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-(+)-MS) and characterized according to US Pharmacopeia. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There were no cases of hypersensitivity associated with the use of cisplatin brand A, whereas four of 127 outpatients that used cisplatin brand B were affected. The two brands were in accordance with the US Pharmacopeia parameters, and there was no significant difference in the total platinum levels between the two brands when analysed by HPLC. However, high-resolution ESI-(+)-MS analyses show that brand B contains approximately 2.7 times more hydrolysed cisplatin than brand A. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: The increase in the hydrolysed form of cisplatin found in brand B may be the cause of the hypersensitivity reaction observed in a subset of patients. We present the first study of the quality of drugs by high-resolution ESI-(+)-MS. Drug regulatory agencies and manufacturers should consider including measurement of hydrolysed cisplatin as a quality criterion for cisplatin formulations.
Subject(s)
Cisplatin/adverse effects , Cisplatin/chemistry , Drug Compounding/methods , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Platinum/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Drug Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to create and establish a simple and rapid method for lipid evaluation in daily-use female products, namely lipsticks. METHODOLOGY: This approach uses STE-LDI-MSI for fast fingerprinting of complex lipids, such as triacylglycerols, phosphoglycerols and simpler structures as free fatty acids. RESULTS: This work has focused on lipsticks of several brands globally marketed. With no sample preparation, it has demonstrated to readily identify compounds of interest by integrating both full scan and MS/MS data. CONCLUSION: A novel and rapid technique for lipid evaluation in lipsticks is presented.
Subject(s)
Cosmetics/chemistry , Lipids/analysis , Chromatography, Thin Layer/methods , Female , Humans , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methodsABSTRACT
Homogenates of the hepatopancreas of the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata, previously called Australorbis glabratus Say, 1818 (Pressoa, 1969), were incubated with cholesterol-4-C14 (dispersed on celite) at 37 degrees C for 24 hr. The lipids were extracted, separated into classes by thin-layer chromatography and the radioactivity associated with the different classes determined. Net esterfication of cholesterol was then obtained by calculating the percent of the total cholesterol radioactivity incorporated into the esterified cholesterol. The esterified cholesterol was also fractionated by thin layer chromatography, and the relative distribution of radioactivity associated with the different cholesterol ester groups was determined. The results showed the presence of cholesterol esterifying activity in the hepatopancreas with a percent esterification of 20.6%. It was found that the accumulation of radioactivity was higher in the polyunsaturated esters and lower in the monounsaturated esters.
