The Complexity of Tobacco Smoke-Induced Mutagenesis in Head and Neck Cancer.

Tobacco smoke, alone or combined with alcohol, is the predominant cause of head and neck cancer (HNC). Here, we further explore how tobacco exposure contributes to cancer development by mutational signature analysis of 265 whole-genome sequenced HNC from eight countries. Six tobacco-associated mutational signatures were detected, including some not previously reported. Differences in HNC incidence between countries corresponded with differences in mutation burdens of tobacco-associated signatures, consistent with the dominant role of tobacco in HNC causation. Differences were found in the burden of tobacco-associated signatures between anatomical subsites, suggesting that tissue-specific factors modulate mutagenesis. We identified an association between tobacco smoking and three additional alcohol-related signatures indicating synergism between the two exposures. Tobacco smoking was associated with differences in the mutational spectra and repertoire of driver mutations in cancer genes, and in patterns of copy number change. Together, the results demonstrate the multiple pathways by which tobacco smoke can influence the evolution of cancer cell clones.

The Mutographs biorepository: A unique genomic resource to study cancer around the world.

Large-scale biorepositories and databases are essential to generate equitable, effective, and sustainable advances in cancer prevention, early detection, cancer therapy, cancer care, and surveillance. The Mutographs project has created a large genomic dataset and biorepository of over 7,800 cancer cases from 30 countries across five continents with extensive demographic, lifestyle, environmental, and clinical information. Whole-genome sequencing is being finalized for over 4,000 cases, with the primary goal of understanding the causes of cancer at eight anatomic sites. Genomic, exposure, and clinical data will be publicly available through the International Cancer Genome Consortium Accelerating Research in Genomic Oncology platform. The Mutographs sample and metadata biorepository constitutes a legacy resource for new projects and collaborations aiming to increase our current research efforts in cancer genomic epidemiology globally.

Cactus flour (Opuntia ficus-indica) reduces brain lipid peroxidation and anxious-like behavior in old Wistar rats.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of cactus flour on the anxious-like behavior and cerebral lipid peroxidation in elderly rats (18 months of life). The rats were divided into four groups (n=10). control (CG) - received the AIN-93M ration. P5%. P10% and P15%. treated with the AIN-93M ration with the addition of 5, 10 and 15% of cactus flour respectively. In the elevated plus maze (EPM) groups P5%, P10% and P15% remained longer in the open arms. P15% remained longer in this region and less time in the closed arms. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the time the rats remained in the center of the apparatus. P5%. P10% and P15% performed a greater number of head dips. Regarding the open field animals P5%. P10% and P15% performed a greater number of rearing and stayed for a longer time in the center of the apparatus with P15% being the group that remained for the longest time when compared to the other groups. There was no difference in locomotion and grooming. As for the light-dark box. P15% spent more time in the light part. less time in the dark part and performed a smaller number of transitions. P5%. P10% and P15% had the lowest concentrations of brain lipid peroxidation. Our data demonstrated that consumption of cactus flour by rats promoted anxiolytic effects and minimized brain lipid peroxidation in aging. Given the above, it can be deduced that cactus pear can contribute to the prevention and/or treatment of anxiety in the aging phase.Due to its concentrations of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, soluble fibers and antioxidant contents such as vitamin E and selenium.

Changes in Body Mass Index Are Associated with Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity, Oropharynx and Larynx: A Case-Control Study in Brazil.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) significantly impacts nutritional status because the tumor limits swallowing function. In this sense, it is important to monitor the nutritional status throughout the life of any individual. A multicenter case-control study was carried out to analyze the BMI at 30 years of age, two years before diagnosis and at the time of diagnosis of individuals with oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx cancers. It was observed that a 5% reduction in BMI during the two years before enrollment was associated with an increased risk of the oral cavity (OR = 3.73), oropharyngeal OR = 5.25), and laryngeal (OR = 5.22). Reduced BMI of more than 5% over two years before diagnosis was associated with HNC. Weight loss remained significant at diagnosis, but it is not possible to exclude reverse causality since most cases are at an advanced stage. BMI monitoring of individuals at potential risk for HNC can promote early diagnosis and nutritional interventions for HNC.

Risk factors associated with head and neck cancer in former smokers: A Brazilian multicentric study.

BACKGROUND: Reduced tobacco consumption in the population has not been associated with reduced incidence rates of head and neck cancer in several countries. OBJECTIVE: To explore the associations between HNC and sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle of former smokers from three Brazilian cancer centers. METHODS: A multicenter case-control study was conducted with 229 former smokers diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and 318 controls (former smokers without head and neck cancer). Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: 11-20 years after smoking cessation showed significant impact on HNC reduction (OR 0.22, 95% CI, 0.12-0.39), which reached 82% (95% CI, 0.09-0.35) among 20 + former smokers when compared to individuals who had stopped smoking for up to 5 years. A history of high-intensity smoking (>40 pack-years) increased HNC risk by 2.09 times (95% CI 1.13-3.89) when compared to subjects who smoked up to 20 pack-years. Past alcohol consumption (OR 1.99, 95% CI, 1.06-3.82) was also associated with head and neck cancer risk in former smokers when compared to no alcohol consumption. There was a decreased head and neck cancer risk in former smokers who had high school level of education (OR 0.38, 95% CI, 0.16-0.91) compared to illiterate former smokers; and former smokers with moderate intake of vegetables (OR 0.49, 95% CI, 0.28-0.85) and fruits (OR 0.43, 95% CI, 0.25-0.73) compared to those with low intake. CONCLUSION: Head and neck cancer risk in former smokers decreases after 11 years after smoking cessation, former smokers with past alcohol consumption showed an increased risk of HNC. High school level of education and moderate intake of vegetables and fruits reduced HNC risk among former smokers.

Prediction of chlorophenols adsorption on activated carbons by representative pores method.

The specification of a particular activated carbon adsorbents for removal of phenol and related derivatives, from dilute aqueous solutions, is still based on lengthy trial and error experimental tests. A predictive model of adsorption of these compounds would considerably reduce the carbon selection time and could also bring new information to support more efficient carbon synthesis. The use of molecular simulation and the methodology of representative pores proved to be adequate for quantitative prediction of phenol adsorption. Here the methodology is being extended to chlorophenols, an important class of phenol-derived pollutants. A set of ortho- and para-chlorophenol isotherms were simulated for different representative pores in order to predict carbon adsorption and determine the most significative pore size. At low concentrations (1 × 10-4 mol/L), the pores of 8.9 and 18.5 Å are the most effective. For concentrations above 3 × 10-4 mol/L, pores in the range of 27.9 Å must be present in the activated carbon. The simulation predicts a step for the 27.9 Å pore that can be correlated with experimental steps in literature. Finally, the adsorption isotherms of chlorophenols for other activated carbons were predicted with the help of the model.

Inflammatory Variant of Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma of the Buccal Mucosa: An Overview and Case Report with a 10-Year Follow-Up.

Liposarcomas of the oral cavity are rare. Those originating in the buccal mucosa cause challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issues since less than 40 cases of liposarcomas of the buccal mucosa and cheek have been reported in the worldwide literature. Herein, we present a case of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma affecting a 45-year-old female patient. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a well-defined mass located in the right buccal mucosa, extending to the submucosal layers of the cheek. Histopathologically, a well-differentiated fatty neoplasm with presence of prominent stromal inflammatory cells was observed. Multifocally scattered bizarre hyperchromatic stromal cells, some of which multinucleated, were also observed. An immunohistochemical panel comprising vimentin, S-100, CD10, CD34, CD20, CD3, CD68, CD138, MDM2, Ki-67, and P53 was employed to better characterize the lesion. A local recurrence event occurred during a 10-year follow-up period. Surgical resection was performed during both episodes. We also provided an overview of demographic and clinicopathological characteristics, immunohistochemical features, imaging findings, and the differential diagnosis of liposarcoma of the oral cavity. Knowledge of the etiopathological and clinical aspects of this rare neoplasm is fundamental in order to rule out other conditions, including lipomatous lesions that affect the buccal mucosa.

Representative Pores: An Efficient Method to Characterize Activated Carbons.

We propose a pore size analysis methodology for carbonaceous materials that reduces complexity while maintaining the significant elements of the structure-property relationship. This method chooses a limited number of representative pores, which will constitute a simplified kernel to describe the pore size distribution (PSD) of an activated carbon. In this study we use the representative pore sizes of 7.0, 8.9, 18.5, and 27.9 Å and N2 isotherms at 77.4 K to determine the PSD which is later applied to predict the adsorption equilibrium of other gases. In this study we demonstrate the ability to predict adsorption of different gas molecules on activated carbon from the PSD generated with representative pores (PSDrep). The methodology allows quick solutions for large-scale calculations for carbonaceous materials screening, in addition to make accessible an easily understood and prompt evaluation of the structure-property relationship of activated carbons. In addition to the details of the methodology already tested in different fields of application of carbonaceous materials, we present a new application related to the removal of organic contaminants in dilute aqueous solutions.

Consumption of minimally processed foods as protective factors in the genesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer, and two-fifths of cases could be avoided by changing lifestyle and eating habits. METHODS: This multicenter case-control study was conducted under the International Consortium on Head and Neck Cancer and Genetic Epidemiology, coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This consortium evaluated associations between minimally processed food consumption and the risk of HNC in three Brazilian states. RESULTS: We evaluated 1740 subjects (847 cases and 893 controls). In multiple analyses including recognized risk factors for HNC, the consumption of apples and pears was associated with reduced risks of oral cavity and laryngeal cancers; the consumption of citrus fruits and fresh tomatoes was associated with a reduced risk of oral cavity cancer; the consumption of bananas was associated with a reduced risk of oropharynx cancer; the consumption of broccoli, cabbage, and collard greens was associated with reduced risks of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers; and the consumption of carrots and fresh fruits was associated with a reduced risk of hypopharyngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of a heathy diet rich in fruits and vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Public policies, including government subsidies, are essential to facilitate logistical and financial access to minimally processed foods, thereby strengthening environments that promote healthy behavior.

DIFFICULTIES IN COLLECTING DATA ON DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU AT A POPULATION-BASED CANCER REGISTRY / Dificuldades na coleta de dados de carcinoma ductal in situ em um Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional

Objective: To verify data-coding accuracy for ductal carcinoma in situ at the Goiânia population-based cancer registry in the Brazilian state of Goiás. Methods: Ecological time series analysis of cases coded as ductal carcinoma in situ in the state cancer database (ONCOSIS), considering data from the Goiânia population-based cancer registry, from 1994 to 2010. Results: Of 376 cases originally coded as ductal carcinoma in situ, 115 were excluded following a review of the pathology reports. These exclusions referred to cases of lobular carcinoma in situ (n=21), Paget's disease (n=4), invasive carcinoma (n=08), ductal carcinoma in situ associated with invasive carcinoma (n=14), microinvasive carcinoma (n=21), records on non-residents in Goiânia, and duplicated data (n=46). Conclusion: Many cases needed recoding and, as a consequence, altered the initial database. Standardizing pathology reports and training data collection staff are crucial steps to avoid omissions and errors when transcribing cases of ductal carcinoma in situ in a population-based cancer registry database.

Objetivo: Verificar a acurácia da codificação dos dados de carcinoma ductal in situ dentro do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia, Goiás - Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal de casos codificados como carcinoma in situ da mama, pelo programa (ONCOSIS) do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia, entre 1994 e 2010. Posteriormente realizou­se busca individual dos laudos histopatológicos de CDIS. Resultados: De 376 casos de CDIS, foram excluídos 115 casos após a revisão dos laudos anatomopatológicosas. As exclusões referem-se a carcinoma lobular in situ (21), Doença de Paget (4), carcinoma invasor (08); CDIS associado a carcinoma invasor (14); microinvasor (21), pacientes com endereço fora de Goiânia e dados duplicados (46). Conclusão: Há um grande número de casos que precisam ser recodificados, alterando o banco inicial. A padronização de laudos e o treinamento dos coletadores são etapas importantes para que não haja informações desconhecidas ao transcrever o CDIS para as fichas do RCBP.

Rediscovery and redescription of the endangered Hypostomus subcarinatus Castelnau, 1855 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Rio São Francisco basin in Brazil.

Hypostomus subcarinatus Castelnau, 1855 is rediscovered in the Lagoa da Pampulha, an urban lake in the Rio das Velhas basin (Rio São Francisco system) in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Herein, H. subcarinatus is redescribed and diagnosed from its congeners based on characters such as blue-tan dorsal fin in live specimens, slender bicuspid teeth, dentaries angled more than 90 degrees, moderate keels along lateral series of plates, small roundish dark spots, one plate bordering supraoccipital, by having nuptial odontodes mainly on pectoral, dorsal and caudal-fin rays, and long anal-fin unbranched ray. The rediscovery of H. subcarinatus more than 160 years after its original description was an unexpected event, because the Lagoa da Pampulha is an artificial, silted and polluted urban lake. The lake is located in downtown Belo Horizonte, the third largest urban agglomeration in Brazil with a population exceeding 5.9 million inhabitants.

In Vitro Cellular Division of Trypanosoma abeli Reveals Two Pathways for Organelle Replication.

Since the observation of the great pleomorphism of fish trypanosomes, in vitro culture has become an important tool to support taxonomic studies investigating the biology of cultured parasites, such as their structure, growth dynamics, and cellular cycle. Relative to their biology, ex vivo and in vitro studies have shown that these parasites, during the multiplication process, duplicate and segregate the kinetoplast before nucleus replication and division. However, the inverse sequence (the nucleus divides before the kinetoplast) has only been documented for a species of marine fish trypanosomes on a single occasion. Now, this previously rare event was observed in Trypanosoma abeli, a freshwater fish trypanosome. Specifically, from 376 cultured parasites in the multiplication process, we determined the sequence of organelle division for 111 forms; 39% exhibited nucleus duplication prior to kinetoplast replication. Thus, our results suggest that nucleus division before the kinetoplast may not represent an accidental or erroneous event occurring in the main pathway of parasite reproduction, but instead could be a species-specific process of cell biology in trypanosomes, such as previously noticed for Leishmania. This "alternative" pathway for organelle replication is a new field to be explored concerning the biology of marine and freshwater fish trypanosomes.

A wait-list controlled study of a trauma-focused cognitive behavioral treatment for intermittent explosive disorder in Timor-Leste.

We tested a trauma-focused, cognitive-behavior therapy treatment (TF-CBT-anger) for intermittent explosive disorder (IED) and related dimensions of anger adapted to the local culture in postconflict Timor-Leste. The intention-to-treat sample (n = 78) comprised Timorese nationals (women = 49; men = 29), ages 18 years and older, meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria for IED, with equal numbers (n = 39 each) being randomized to the treatment group (TG) and wait-list (WL). Assessments were made at 1 week prior to therapy, immediately at posttreatment, and at 1 month follow-up. Primary measures included an IED diagnosis made according to the East Timor explosive anger measure and the directionality of expression and control of anger assessed by 4 dimensions of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2). Secondary measures included psychological distress assessed using the Kessler scale and an index of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. In the TG, there was a decline in IED from 100% to zero at follow-up. In the WL, more than 70% (of the 100% at baseline) showed persisting IED at second and third assessments. The TG alone showed significant (p < .05) improvements on all STAXI-2 scales, the effect sizes for the intervention being uniformly large (>0.80). Psychological distress and PTSD showed substantial reductions in the TG but not the WL group. Although based on a modest-sized sample, our findings provide the first evidence in support of the efficacy of TF-CBT-anger for IED in a culturally diverse, postconflict setting. (PsycINFO Database Record

Brazilian quilombos: A repository of Amerindian alleles.

OBJECTIVES: As a consequence of colonization of the Americas and decimation of the native population, an important portion of autochthonous genetic variation has been lost. However, some alleles have been incorporated into the growing populations of admixed mestizos. In this study, we evaluated the potential of African-derived communities in Brazil to be repositories of Amerindian alleles and, by extension, a source of information on American prehistory. METHODS: In this study, we describe the genetic variation of 15 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) of autosomal origin in two quilombos, Brazilian populations mainly of African descent, Santo Antônio do Guaporé (SAG; N = 31), and Santiago do Iguape (STI; N = 37). We compared the AIMs from these populations to those of other African-Brazilian populations, and to the Distrito Federal (N = 168), an urban population representative of Brazilian genetic diversity. RESULTS: By admixture analysis, we found that the SAG and STI communities have a much higher proportion (over 40%) of Amerindian contribution to their gene pools than other admixed Brazilian populations, in addition to marked African contributions. CONCLUSIONS: These results identify two living African-Brazilian populations that carry unique and important genetic information regarding Amerindian history. These populations will be extremely valuable in future investigations into American pre-history and Native American evolutionary dynamics.

Monitoring the profile of cervical cancer in a developing city.

BACKGROUND: Medical records are frequently consulted to verify whether the treatment and guiding principles were correct. Determine incidence and mortality trends of in situ and invasive neoplasms of the uterine cervix, in the period 1988-2004 in Goiânia, Brazil. METHODS: The incident cases were identified through the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia. Population data were collected from census data of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. For mortality analysis, data were extracted from the Mortality Information System. The Poisson Regression was utilized to determine the annual incidence and mortality rates. RESULTS: A total of 4446 cases of in situ and invasive neoplasms of the uterine cervix were identified. No significant reductions were verified in invasive cervical cancer rates (p=0.386) during the study period, while in situ carcinomas presented an annual increasing trend of 13.08% (p<0.001). A decreasing trend was observed for mortality (3.02%, p=0.017). CONCLUSION: No reduction was observed for the incidence of invasive cancer of the uterine cervix; however, increasing trends were verified for in situ lesions with a consequent reduction in mortality rates. These increasing trends may be the result of recently-implemented screening programs or due to improvements in the notification system.

High incidence of esophageal cancer in central-western Brazil: a migrant effect?

To determine the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in central-western Brazil: Goiânia, Brasília, Cuiabá, and Campo Grande, incidence data for Cuiabá (2000-2005) and Brasília (1999-2002) were obtained from the National Cancer Institute, and data from Goiânia (1995-2008) from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia. Mortality data for the cities of central-western Brazil were obtained for the period 1980-2008 from the Ministry of Health. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated using the world population of Segi. Mortality trends were assessed with the Joinpoint Regression Program and a P value less than 0.05 was defined as significant. The highest incidence of esophageal cancer among men was in Cuiabá (16.0/100 000); the lowest was in Goiânia (6.5/100 000). Among women, the incidence rates were similar in Brasília and Cuiabá, but in Goiânia, the incidence declined. There was a significant increase in mortality among men in Cuiabá (2.4%, P=0.03) and Campo Grande (1.2%, P=0.05), and in women (1.6%, P=0.04) in Goiânia. Mortality by age group increased significantly in Campo Grande by 1.9% for men aged at least 50 years and in Goiânia by 2.7% among women aged at least 50 years; the mortality decreased in Goiânia by 2.2% for women aged less than 50 years. The incidence of esophageal cancer in Brasília and Cuiabá was similar to that of southern Brazil in some periods. There was an increase in mortality trends for men in Cuiabá and Campo Grande, and for women in Goiânia.

Promoter hypermethylation in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx: a study of a Brazilian cohort.

Epigenetic silencing of cancer-related genes plays an important role in oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We evaluated promoter hypermethylation of 4 cancer-related genes in OSCCs of a Brazilian cohort and determined its relationship with exposure to alcohol, tobacco, HPV infection and clinicopathological parameters. CDKN2A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A or p16), SFN (stratifin or 14-3-3 σ), EDNRB (endothelin receptor B) and RUNX3 (runt-related transcript factor-3) had their methylation patterns evaluated by MSP analysis in OSCC tumors (n = 45). HPV detection was carried out by PCR/RFLP. Aberrant methylation was detected in 44/45 (97.8 %) OSCC; 24.4 % at CDKN2A, 77.8 % at EDNRB, 17.8 % at RUNX3 and 97.8 % at SFN gene. There was no significant association between methylation patterns and clinical parameters. HPV (subtype 16) was detected in 3 out of 45 patients (6 %). Our findings indicate that HPV infection is uncommon and methylation is frequent in Brazilian OSCCs, however, EDNRB and SFN gene methylation are not suitable OSCC biomarkers due to indistinct methylation in tumoral and normal samples. In contrast, CDKN2A and RUNX3 genes could be considered differentially methylated genes and potential tumor markers in OSCCs.

In situ source zone sediment mixing coupled to groundwater biostimulation to enhance phenol natural attenuation.

Phenol is an industrially key compound that has a wide range of applications and also one of the most commonly found toxic pollutants in wastewaters and groundwater. This paper demonstrates the applicability of in situ remediation at a deactivated industrial site using source zone excavation and sediment mixing associated with nutrients delivery into groundwater. Sediment excavation and mixing displaced the entrapped source zone enhancing mass transfer into groundwater and contaminant bioavailability. A nutrient solution prepared with nitrate, phosphate, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide was continuously delivered into groundwater to stimulate biodegradation and restrict plume migration. The observed correlation between phenol-dependent Enterobacteriaceae concentrations throughout the remediation time frame supported circumstantial evidence of biodegradation. Phenol concentration in groundwater (up to 1,300 mg/L) was reduced >99% after 5 months following remediation and remained under the established site specific target level (4 mg/L). Nitrate and phosphate concentrations returned to background concentrations levels at the end of the remediation. Overall, the proposed in situ remediation scheme was effective to remediate this particular aquifer contaminated with phenol for over 20 years.

Total thyroidectomy with ultrasonic scalpel: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The ultrasonic scalpel is a recently introduced device in head and neck surgery. Total thyroidectomy is the most common endocrine procedure performed by surgeons. METHODS: This was an open, phase IV, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared the use of an ultrasonic scalpel with a conventional technique in patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. The outcomes were surgical complication rate, operative time, drainage volume, postoperative pain, and costs. RESULTS: In all, 261 patients were included in 11 centers. There was a mean difference of 17% of operative time in favor of the ultrasonic scalpel group. There were no differences in postoperative complications. There was a difference in costs of 14% in favor of the ultrasonic scalpel group, but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The use of an ultrasonic scalpel was as safe as that of the conventional technique and had the advantage of a shorter operative time and lower postoperative drainage. Costs were not different between groups.

[Temporal evolution of breast cancer stages in a population-based cancer registry in the Brazilian central region]. / Evolução temporal dos estádios do câncer de mama ao diagnóstico em um registro de base populacional no Brasil central.

PURPOSE: To analyze the temporal changes of breast cancer staging at diagnosis among women living in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1989 and 2003. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study in which the cases were identified from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia for the period from 1989 to 2003. The variables studied were age, diagnostic method, topographic sublocation, morphology and breast cancer staging. Frequency analyses were carried out on the variables and means, and the medians for the age were determined. The SPSS(R) 15.0 software was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3,204 breast cancer cases were collected. The mean age was 56 years (sd+/-16 years). With regard to clinical staging, 45.6% of the cases were found to be localized in the breast, with an increased rate of 19.25% between the first and the third five-year period (p<0.001; CI 95%=0.14-0.23) and 10.2% of cases were with distant metastases. However, a reduction of 17.74% for metastatic cases in the same interval (p<0.001 e CI 95%=0.14-21) was observed. The in situ case rate was 0.2% in 1989-1993 and increased to 6.2% in 1999-2003 (p<0.001, IC95%=4.9-7.4). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic profile of breast cancer in the city of Goiânia is changing. Substantial increases in the number of early breast cancer cases are being found in relation to the number of advanced cases.