ABSTRACT
Infections by Cryptosporidium were detected in association with clinical disease in 11 humans (Homo sapiens), 19 calves (Bos taurus), nine common quail (Coturnix coturnix), six mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), five ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and a single budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). Infections in mammals were accompanied by transient diarrhoea and anorexia, whereas infected birds exhibited clinical signs of respiratory distress. Repeated cross-transmission studies revealed apparent strain differences or differences in the host specificity of several mammalian and avian isolates for homologous vertebrate classes only. Oocysts from humans and calves were infective to mice, pigs or lambs, but not to chickens, whereas oocysts from quail and pheasant were infective to chickens, but not to mice.
Subject(s)
Bird Diseases/transmission , Cryptosporidiosis/transmission , Mammals/parasitology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Bird Diseases/parasitology , Birds/parasitology , Cattle , Child , Child, Preschool , Cryptosporidiosis/parasitology , Cryptosporidium/isolation & purification , Cryptosporidium/pathogenicity , Cryptosporidium/ultrastructure , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mice , Microscopy, Electron , Sheep/parasitology , Species Specificity , Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms , Swine/parasitologySubject(s)
Anencephaly/veterinary , Arbovirus Infections/veterinary , Arthrogryposis/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/pathology , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Hydranencephaly/veterinary , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Arbovirus Infections/immunology , Arbovirus Infections/pathology , Arboviruses/immunology , Arthrogryposis/immunology , Arthrogryposis/pathology , Brain/pathology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Female , Hydranencephaly/immunology , Hydranencephaly/pathology , Spinal Cord/pathologyABSTRACT
Observations on 2 bulls from a brucella-infected property are reported. Bull 1 gave serological reactions to Br. abortus in both the SAT and CFT from day 0 to day 141. Br. abortus was not recovered from semen and the bull remained clinically normal. The serological status of bull 2 changed from negative to positive to negative over a 203 day period and remained negative for a further 74 days. Semen agglutinins were only detected on one occasion (20 iu). The first clinical sign observed was epididymitis followed by orchitis, which became apparent on day 122. Br. abortus was not recovered from semen but at autopsy, on day 363, Br. abortus biotype 1 was isolated from the right seminal vesicle and ampulla. The histology of the lesion is described. The literature relating to Br. abortus infection in the bull is discussed. Recommendations are made regarding the diagnosis of Br. abortus infection in bulls.
