Temporal trend of mortality and hospitalization for chronic kidney disease in adults from Northern Brazil.

We aimed to evaluate mortality and hospital admissions for chronic kidney disease in young adults according to sex and state in the northern region of Brazil, between 1996 and 2017. A population-based time series study using official data on mortality and hospital admissions due to chronic kidney disease in individuals aged 20 to 49 years old, residents of the northern region of Brazil, in the periods 1996-2017 and to 2008-2017, respectively. Chronic kidney disease was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (N18). The evolution of mortality from chronic kidney disease decreased by 0.881% per year over the period (1996-2017). In the states of Acre and Amapá, there was a reduction of 5.85% and -5.68% per year, respectively, and in Tocantins, an increase of 4.16% per year. The incidence of hospitalization did not vary between 2008 and 2017. However, 2 states showed an increase in hospitalization rates: Acre (6.08% per year) and Pará (2.83% per year), and 2 states showed a reduction: Amazonas (5.09% per year) and Tocantins (6.23% per year). In general, there was decrease in mortality rate overtime. However, rate of mortality due to chronic kidney disease increased in the state of Tocantins. The evolution of hospitalization due to chronic kidney disease in a population of young adults remained stationary.

Congenital heart diseases trends in São Paulo State, Brazil: a national live birth data bank analysis.

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common type of birth defects, affecting millions of newborns every year; no prevalence data are available in São Paulo State, Brazil's most populous state. The objective is to identify trends in prevalence and risk factors for CHD in São Paulo State, Brazil. METHODS: We developed a population-based study to estimate the CHD trend of prevalence in recent years, stratified by maternal age and geographical clusters, using all cases of CHD identified by the Live Births Information System (SINASC-Sistema de Informação Sobre Nascidos Vivos) from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2018. We calculated the trends of prevalence, the regression coefficient (ß), the annual percent change (APC), and 95% confidence interval using the Prais-Winsten regression model, with the Durbin-Watson test. RESULTS: We found 10,594 cases of CHD among 8,536,101 live births (LB), a prevalence of 12.4/10,000 LB. There was no difference in the sex distribution; they are primarily Caucasian (60.2%), 75.2% born at term, and 74.4% weight > 2500 g, 66.9% of births were by cesarean section. São Paulo State presented an increasing CHD trend of prevalence (APC = 18.9%). The highest CHD prevalence rate was in mothers aged ≥ 35 years (22.2/10,000 LB). There were 12,271 specific congenital heart defects among 10,594 patients (1.16 CHD/patient). Atrial septal defect has the highest number of cases (3835), with a prevalence of 4.49/10,000 LB, corresponding to 31.3% of all CHD. CONCLUSION: CHD had an increasing prevalence trend in recent years, being highest in São Paulo City and ≥ 35-year mothers.

Incidence of hospitalization and mortality due to stroke in young adults, residents of developed regions in Brazil, 2008-2018.

INTRODUCTION: We evaluated trends in hospitalization incidence and mortality due to hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in young adults, according to gender and developed regions in Brazil. METHODS: Between 2008-2018, we performed a population-based time-series study using official hospitalization and death data due to stroke, in individuals aged 10-49 years, from Southeast and South, Brazil. Data were based on reports from the Unified Health System of Hospital Information System and Mortality Information System. Stroke was defined by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (I60-I63). A Prais-Winsten regression model was performed and the Annual Percentage Change was calculated. RESULTS: In total, 78,123 hospitalizations of individuals aged 10-49 years were recorded, of which 59,448 (76%) resulted from hemorrhagic stroke (HS). The hospitalizations for HS was significantly decreased (- 4.37%) among men and women in both regions. The hospitalizations for ischemic stroke (IS) was flat, except between 2011 and 2018, when IS hospitalization rates increased. In the analysis by states, HS hospitalizations declined across all states, except for Espírito Santo, where it remained unchanged (p > 0.05). IS flat hospitalizations were observed in all states, except Espírito Santo, where it increased by 24.93%. In terms of mortality, 28,625 deaths were recorded, of which 26,548 (92.7%) resulted from HS. HS mortality decreased significantly by -3.48%and IS mortality by -3.84%. Decreases also occurred in all Southeast and South states (p < 0.05). IS remained unchanged across all states, except Minas Gerais, where it decreased by -14.95%. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a decline in the hospitalizations and mortality of HS and a flat trend for IS in developed regions of Brazil. The recent period (2011-2018) demonstrated increasing rates in the hospitalizations of IS in both regions and genders. The mortality rates for HS and IS decreased between 2008-2018 in Southeast and South Brazil for both genders.

Referral gynecological ambulatory clinic: principal diagnosis and distribution in health services.

BACKGROUND: The association between gynecological diagnoses and their distribution in the health sectors provides benefits in the field of women's health promotion and in medical and interdisciplinary education, along with rationalization according to level of care complexity. Thus, the objective is analyze the clinical-demographic characteristics, main diagnoses in gynecological ambulatory care, and their distribution in health services. METHOD: This is a research project of retrospective audit study design with a chart review of data from 428 women treated at University Ambulatory Clinic of Women's Health, the facility in gynecology and training for Family and Community Medical Residents, São Paulo, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014. Clinical and demographic information, gynecological diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases), and distribution of health services (primary, secondary, and tertiary) were described. RESULTS: The female patients present non-inflammatory disorders of the female genital tract (81.07%, n = 347) and diseases of the urinary system (22.66%, n = 97) among the gynecological diagnoses. The chances of having benign breast disease and non-inflammatory disorders of the female genital tract during the reproductive period corresponds to being 3.61 (CI 1.00-16.29) and 2.56 times (CI 1.58-4.16) higher, respectively, than during the non-reproductive period. The non-inflammatory disorders of the female genital tract (93.33%, n = 28) are most related to the tertiary sector. The distribution in health services was the following: 71.30% (n = 305) in the primary sector, 21.70% (n = 93) in the secondary sector and 7% (n = 30) in the tertiary sector. CONCLUSION: The studied women presented non-inflammatory disorders of the female genital tract and diseases of the urinary system as determined by gynecological diagnoses. Low-assistance complexity followed in most cases.