ABSTRACT
Bladder cancer (BC) is the fourth most common cancer in the USA. In Brazil, BC represents 3% of the total existing carcinomas in the population and represents the second highest incidence among urological tumors. The majority of bladder cancer cell lines available were derived from Caucasians and established in the seventies or eighties. Thus, neoplasia development in these cells likely occurred in environment conditions vastly different than today. In the present study, we report the establishment and characterization of three Brazilian bladder cancer cell lines (BexBra1, BexBra2, and BexBra4). These cell lines may be helpful for dissecting the genetic and epigenetic aspects that trigger the progression of BC. Moreover, the development of a Brazilian representative of the disease will allow us to investigate the potential inter-racial differences of malignancy-associated phenotypes in bladder cancer.
Subject(s)
Cell Line, Tumor , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Animals , Cell Culture Techniques , Cryopreservation , Genes, p53 , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Karyotyping , Mice , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The present work describes a highly precise and sensitive method developed to detect cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE, its main metabolite) and cocaethylene (CE, transesterification product of the coingestion of COC with ethanol) in human head hair samples. The method was based on an alkylchloroformate derivatization of benzoylecgonine and the extraction of the analytes by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the analytes in selected ion monitoring mode (SIM). The limits of quantification and detection (LOQ and LOD) were: 0.1 ng/mg for COC and CE, and 0.5 ng/mg for BE. Good inter- and intra-assay precision was observed. The dynamic range of the assay was 0.1-50 ng/mg. The method is not time consuming and was shown to be easy to perform.
