ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses and to identify its predictors. A systematic review was conducted of studies published in the following databases: CINAHL, Dialnet, LILACS, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus. The search equation used was "Nurs * AND Burnout AND mental health". Subsequently, three fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed, one for each dimension of burnout, to calculate its prevalence and the corresponding confidence intervals. The data were analysed using StatsDirect meta-analysis software. Eleven studies were finally included (n = 11). In most cases, the literature informs about moderate levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The studies inform that variables such as work overload, work-related stress, professional seniority, male gender, being single, and aggression at work, among other factors, contribute to burnout development. The meta-analytic prevalence estimations of burnout with a sample of n = 868 mental health nurses are 25% for high emotional exhaustion, 15% for depersonalization, and 22% for low personal accomplishment. From a workforce development and safety perspective, it is important for managers to address the emotional exhaustion and low personal accomplishment aspects of burnout reported in the workplace by mental health nurses.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Psychiatric Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Humans , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Burnout syndrome is a disorder that seriously affects people who suffer it, the institutions in which they work and the quality of healthcare. It is of great interest to advance in burnout research for its possible prevention. The aim of this work was to study the levels of burnout syndrome in nurses of emergency department with overtime workdays and to know the relationship between burnout and personality characteristics. METHODS: Multicenter cross-sectional study with a sample of 1225 emergency nurses from the Andalusian Health Service. Demographic, social and occupational variables were recorded. Burnout was assessed with Maslach Burnout Inventory and personality factors with NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Descriptive analysis of the variables, independent means hypothesis contrast and bayesian analysis were done. RESULTS: 44.1% of nurses who perform overtime workdays have high burnout versus a 38% for those without such overload. These differences have been also found in burnout dimensions, especially in emotional exhaustion (15.3% versus 10.8%) and depersonalization (17.9% versus 11.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Overtime workdays performed by emergency nurses seems to have a negative on them and it could also influence the development of burnout syndrome.
OBJETIVO: El síndrome de burnout es un trastorno que afecta a las personas que lo padecen, a las instituciones en las que éstas prestan servicio y a la calidad de los cuidados a los pacientes. El objetivo fue estudiar los niveles de síndrome de burnout en los profesionales de enfermería de urgencias con jornada física complementaria y conocer su relación con características de personalidad y realización de jornada física complementaria y conocer su relación con características de personalidad de los profesionales de enfermería. METODOS: Estudio transversal multicéntrico con una muestra de 1.225 profesionales de enfermería de urgencias del Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, psicológicas y laborales. El síndrome de burnout fue evaluado mediante el Maslach Burnout Inventory y los factores de personalidad a través del NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de las variables, contrastes de hipótesis de dos medias independientes y análisis bayesianos. RESULTADOS: El 44,1% de los profesionales de enfermería que realizaban jornada física complementaria presentaban síndrome de burnout alto frente a un 38% de los que no tenían dicha sobrecarga. Respecto a las dimensiones del burnout se mantenían estas diferencias, especialmente en las dimensiones cansancio emocional (15,3% frente a 10,8%) y despersonalización (17,9% frente a 11,8%). CONCLUSIONES: La realización de jornada física complementaria parece afectar negativamente a los profesionales de enfermería de urgencias y podría favorecer en ellos el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout.
