ABSTRACT
The natural alkaloid epiisopiloturine has recently become the focus of study for various medicinal properties, particularly for its anti-inflammatory and antischistosomal effect. The incorporation of active molecules in natural polymeric matrices has garnered increasing interest during recent decades. A new derivative of cashew gum successfully obtained by gum acetylation has shown great potential as a carrier in controlled drug release systems. In this work, epiisopiloturine was encapsulated in acetylated cashew gum nanoparticles in order to increase solubility and allow slow release, whereas the morphology results were supported by computer simulations. The particles were produced under a variety of conditions, and thoroughly characterized using light scattering and microscopic techniques. The particles were spherical and highly stable in solution, and showed drug incorporation at high levels, up to 55% efficiency. Using a dialysis-based in vitro assay, these particles were shown to release the drug via a Fickian diffusion mechanism, leading to gradual drug release over approximately 6â¯h. These nanoparticles show potential for the use as drug delivery system, while studies on their potential anti-inflammatory action, as well as toxicity and efficacy assays would need to be performed in the future to confirm their suitability as drug delivery candidates.
Subject(s)
4-Butyrolactone/analogs & derivatives , Alkaloids/chemistry , Anacardium/chemistry , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Imidazoles/chemistry , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Plant Gums/chemistry , 4-Butyrolactone/chemistry , Acetylation , Carbohydrate Conformation , Drug Liberation , Models, Molecular , SolubilityABSTRACT
Verificar a prevalência de dismenorreia em universitárias e a frequência de absenteísmo escolar, prática de exercícios físicos e utilização de medicamentos para tratamento dessa síndrome. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com jovens universitárias por meio de um questionário autoaplicado contendo dados sociodemográficos, obstétricos e ginecológicos. Avaliou-se a dor menstrual através da escala visual analógica(EVA). Para análise descritiva dos dados, foram utilizadas frequência, percentagem, média e desvio padrão. Resultados: A amostra constou de 130 mulheres, com idade entre 17 e 33 anos (20,6±2,7 anos). Cento e vinte quatro voluntárias (95,4%) queixaram-se de dismenorreia. Quanto à sua intensidade, a maioria sentia dor menstrual moderada ou grave (51,6% e 36,3%, respectivamente). Sessenta (48,4%) participantes referiram absenteísmo escolar devido à dor menstrual; dessas, nenhuma tinha dor leve. Dentre as voluntárias que apresentavam dismenorreia moderada e grave, apenas 24 (20,2%) praticavam exercício físico e a maioria delas (79%) necessitava utilizar fármacos para tratar essa síndrome. Conclusão:A dismenorreia teve alta prevalência entre as universitárias avaliadas e na maior parte dos casos se apresentou com intensidade limitante, levando ao absenteísmo escolar. A maioria das mulheres com dismenorreia de intensidades moderada e grave não pratica exercício físico e necessita utilizar medicamentos para tratar essa síndrome...
To determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in female university students and the frequency of school absenteeism, physical exercise and use of medicines to treat the syndrome. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with university students using a self-administered questionnaire containing sociodemographic, obstetrical, and gynecological data. The menstrual pain was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS). Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for descriptive data analysis. Results: The sample consisted of 130 women aged between 17 and 33 years (20.6 ± 2.7 years). One hundred and twenty four volunteers (95.4%) complained of dysmenorrhea. Regarding the intensity, most of the volunteers felt moderate or severe menstrual cramps (51.6% and 36.3%, respectively). Sixty (48.4%) participants reported school absenteeism due to menstrual pain and none of them experienced mild pain. Among the volunteers who had moderate or severe dysmenorrhea, only 24 (20.2%) practiced physical exercise and most of them (79%) needed medicines to treat this syndrome. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among the university students, and in most cases, the pains limit activities and accounts for school absenteeism. Most women with moderate to severe dysmenorrhea do not practice physical exercise and need to use medicines to treat this syndrome...
Verificar la prevalencia de dismenorrea en universitárias y La frecuencia de absentismo escolar, práctica de actividad física y utilización de medicamentos para tratamiento de ese síndrome. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio trasversal realizado con jóvenes universitarias con el usos de un cuestionario auto-aplicado con datos sociodemográficos, obstétricos y ginecológicos. Se evaluó el dolor menstrual a través de la escala visual analógica (EVA). Para el análisis descriptivo de los datos fueron utilizados frecuencia, porcentaje, media y desviación típica. Resultados: La muestra constó de 130 mujeres de edad entre los 17 y 33 años (20,6±2,7 años). Ciento veinte cuatro voluntarias (95,4%) se quejaron de dismenorrea. En cuanto a su intensidad, la mayoría sentía dolor menstrual moderado o grave (51,6% y 36,3%, respectivamente). Sesenta (48,4%) participantes refirieron absentismo escolar debido el dolor menstrual; de esas, ninguna presentaba dolor leve. De las voluntarias que presentaban dismenorrea moderada y grave, apenas 24 (20,2%) practicaban actividad física y la mayoría de ellas (79%) necesitaba utilizar fármacos para tratar ese síndrome. Conclusión: La dismenorrea tuvo elevada prevalencia en las universitarias evaluadas y en La mayoría de los casos se presentó de intensidad limitante, llevando al absentismo escolar. La mayoría de las mujeres con dismenorrea de intensidades moderada y grave no practica actividad física y necesita utilizar medicamentos para tratar de esse síndrome...
